高一生物试题考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共100分。考试时间75分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。3.本试卷主要考试内容：人教版必修1第1章~第3章第1节。p一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.某市内多名学生参加了“掌心森林微景观”DY活动。“掌心森林”的制作过程大致是将黑」放入玻璃瓶，种上清新的植物，铺上绿绿的苔藓，再盖上彩砂和铺面石，最后搭配可爱的玩摆件。“掌心森林”属于生命系统结构层次中的如B.生态系统C.种群D.群落A.生物圈2.细胞学说被誉为19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一。细胞学说的建立者主要是两位德国科酃家施莱登和施旺。下列有关细胞学说的叙述，错误的是A.施莱登和施旺建立细胞学说的过程中，运用了完全归纳法B,细胞学说揭示了动物和植物的统一性，从而阐明了生物界的统一性C.依据细胞学说，认识生物生长、发育等现象的奥秘需要到细胞中寻找D.“新细胞是由老细胞分裂产生的”是在细胞学说的修正发展中提出来的数3.已知“①新冠病毒、②蓝细菌、③大肠杆菌和④水稻叶肉细胞”是自然界中的几种生物或细下列说法正确的是钢A①②③④都具有细胞膜和细胞质B/②③④都具有核糖体相C.②和④都在叶绿体中进行光合作用D.③和④的遗传物质位于染色体上4.某同学用甲和乙两种溶液进行还原糖和蛋白质的检测实验，所有操作均正确无误，实验如表所示。下列说法正确的是溶液甲乙添加试剂斐林试剂双缩脲试剂斐林试剂双缩脲试齐实验现象砖红色沉淀淡蓝色淡蓝色紫色A斐林试剂是含有Cu2+的酸性溶液B.双缩脲试剂使用时需要水浴加热C.观察颜色变化时，需要使用显微镜D.甲中含还原糖，乙中的物质含肽键【高一生物第1页（共6页）】·23

湖南师大附中2021级高三摸底考试试卷生物学参考答案一、单项选择题（本题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分。每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。）题号24689101112答案ABB0DADCD1.A【解析】原核细胞内的DNA一组蛋白体的组成成分与真核细胞内的染色体相同，但结构不同，A错误；细胞质中植入活的大肠杆菌产生ATP的功能与线粒体的功能相似，都是提供能量，B正确；细胞骨架是细胞内一套由蛋白质纤维组成的系统，具有物质运输、能量转换和信息传递等功能，C正确；本研究过程是从原核细胞一步步构建成模拟真核细胞，从细胞起源和进化的角度分析，这一研究可以为生物有共同的祖先提供证据，D正确。2.B【解析】分析题图可知：蔗糖运输到筛管需要SU载体，动力是H浓度差，属于主动运输，A正确；其运输速率不仅与H叶浓度差有关，也与SU载体的数量或空间结构有关，B错误；SU载体功能缺陷的叶肉细胞中，蔗糖的运输会受阻，进而会积累更多的蔗糖，C正确；研究该机制，可以更好地了解蔗糖产生后的去向，以便了解光合产物的分配规律，从而对提高作物产量具有重要意义，D正确。3.C【解析】[H]的氧化发生于线粒体内膜，推测线粒体内膜上的细胞色素c可能参与[H]的氧化，A正确；当细胞衰老时，释放的细胞色素℃较多，C-9酶更容易被活化，细胞更容易走向凋亡，B正确；C-9酶和C-3酶的活化能促进细胞调亡，故抑制癌细胞的C-9酶或C-3酶可促进癌细胞增殖，C错误；细胞调亡的过程是基因的选择性表达，也有新的基因表达和某些生物大分子的合成，凋亡的细胞内有些酶活性增加，如C-9酶和C-3酶，D正确。4.C【解析】B和B2是一个精原细胞经减数第一次分裂形成的两个次级精母细胞，二者含有的性染色体形态不同，A错误；B,和B2是减数第一次分裂产生的子细胞，是由于同源染色体分离造成的，所以二者遗传信息不同，B错误；A1、A2是体细胞，核DNA分子数目为2n,B、B2是次级精母细胞，核DNA分子数为2n,C、C2、D、D2是精细胞，核DNA分子数正常为n,虽然D和D2发生了染色体变异，但不影响核DNA分子总数，所以核DNA分子数目A=A=B=B=C十C2=D十D2,C正确；D变异的原因是姐妹染色单体移向了一极，如果是由于纺锤丝的形成受阻，则不会分裂形成两个子细胞，染色体数目会加倍，D错误。5.D【解析】根据启动子和终止子的位置，确定转录方向是从左往右，因此模板链只能是3'→5'的B链，A正确；启动子是RNA聚合酶识别和结合的部位，过程①转录中RNA聚合酶与启动子结合后相继驱动多个基因（基因1、基因2等)的转录，B正确；从图上看，rRNA能与RPI、RP2及其他核糖体蛋白结合形成核糖体；mRNA上的RBS是核糖体结合位，点，当细胞中缺乏rRNA分子时，RPI不与rRNA结合而是与mRNA上的RBS位，点结合，导致核糖体不能与RNA结合，进而阻止翻译的起始，C正确；过程①是转录，②是翻译，碱基互补配对的方式不完全相同，原核细胞没有线粒体，因此需要的能量不是来自线粒体，D错误。6.B【解析】肺炎患者肺部血管通透性增大，可导致血浆蛋白渗出，从而组织液渗透压相对升高，引起肺水肿，A正确；神经细胞的静息电位是由钾离子外流引起的，静脉滴注氯化钠对神经细胞的静息电位影响不大，B错误；肺水肿时，新冠肺炎重症患者容易出现呼吸肌疲劳，当呼吸肌收缩时，其肺部扩张不足，氧气难以入肺，进而使身体得到的氧气减少，同时肺泡内渗出液增多，使得肺泡壁增厚，影响了肺泡与周围毛细血管的气体交换，会导致血氧饱和度下降和酸碱衡失调，C正确；血浆肝酶含量高于正常值说明肝细胞膜的通透性增加，肝细胞可能受到一定程度的损伤，D正确。7.D【解析】由图可知，Y、Y2、Y,是浆细胞分泌的三种抗体，作用原理不同。胰岛B细胞可以直接感受血糖浓度升高而分泌胰岛素，抗体Y1与胰岛B细胞上的受体结合以后，使胰岛B细胞无法感受血糖浓度的变化，从而不能分泌胰岛素，A正确；根据题图分析可知，图中②所示的患病机理是抗体Y2直接作用于胰岛B细胞，导致胰岛素分泌减少，血糖浓度升高，B正确；抗体Y?与靶细胞上的胰岛素受体结合，使胰岛素与其受体的结合机会减少，若其靶细胞是肝生物学参考答案（附中版）一1

湖南师大附中2021级高三摸底考试试卷生物学参考答案一、单项选择题（本题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分。每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。）题号24689101112答案ABB0DADCD1.A【解析】原核细胞内的DNA一组蛋白体的组成成分与真核细胞内的染色体相同，但结构不同，A错误；细胞质中植入活的大肠杆菌产生ATP的功能与线粒体的功能相似，都是提供能量，B正确；细胞骨架是细胞内一套由蛋白质纤维组成的系统，具有物质运输、能量转换和信息传递等功能，C正确；本研究过程是从原核细胞一步步构建成模拟真核细胞，从细胞起源和进化的角度分析，这一研究可以为生物有共同的祖先提供证据，D正确。2.B【解析】分析题图可知：蔗糖运输到筛管需要SU载体，动力是H浓度差，属于主动运输，A正确；其运输速率不仅与H叶浓度差有关，也与SU载体的数量或空间结构有关，B错误；SU载体功能缺陷的叶肉细胞中，蔗糖的运输会受阻，进而会积累更多的蔗糖，C正确；研究该机制，可以更好地了解蔗糖产生后的去向，以便了解光合产物的分配规律，从而对提高作物产量具有重要意义，D正确。3.C【解析】[H]的氧化发生于线粒体内膜，推测线粒体内膜上的细胞色素c可能参与[H]的氧化，A正确；当细胞衰老时，释放的细胞色素℃较多，C-9酶更容易被活化，细胞更容易走向凋亡，B正确；C-9酶和C-3酶的活化能促进细胞调亡，故抑制癌细胞的C-9酶或C-3酶可促进癌细胞增殖，C错误；细胞调亡的过程是基因的选择性表达，也有新的基因表达和某些生物大分子的合成，凋亡的细胞内有些酶活性增加，如C-9酶和C-3酶，D正确。4.C【解析】B和B2是一个精原细胞经减数第一次分裂形成的两个次级精母细胞，二者含有的性染色体形态不同，A错误；B,和B2是减数第一次分裂产生的子细胞，是由于同源染色体分离造成的，所以二者遗传信息不同，B错误；A1、A2是体细胞，核DNA分子数目为2n,B、B2是次级精母细胞，核DNA分子数为2n,C、C2、D、D2是精细胞，核DNA分子数正常为n,虽然D和D2发生了染色体变异，但不影响核DNA分子总数，所以核DNA分子数目A=A=B=B=C十C2=D十D2,C正确；D变异的原因是姐妹染色单体移向了一极，如果是由于纺锤丝的形成受阻，则不会分裂形成两个子细胞，染色体数目会加倍，D错误。5.D【解析】根据启动子和终止子的位置，确定转录方向是从左往右，因此模板链只能是3'→5'的B链，A正确；启动子是RNA聚合酶识别和结合的部位，过程①转录中RNA聚合酶与启动子结合后相继驱动多个基因（基因1、基因2等)的转录，B正确；从图上看，rRNA能与RPI、RP2及其他核糖体蛋白结合形成核糖体；mRNA上的RBS是核糖体结合位，点，当细胞中缺乏rRNA分子时，RPI不与rRNA结合而是与mRNA上的RBS位，点结合，导致核糖体不能与RNA结合，进而阻止翻译的起始，C正确；过程①是转录，②是翻译，碱基互补配对的方式不完全相同，原核细胞没有线粒体，因此需要的能量不是来自线粒体，D错误。6.B【解析】肺炎患者肺部血管通透性增大，可导致血浆蛋白渗出，从而组织液渗透压相对升高，引起肺水肿，A正确；神经细胞的静息电位是由钾离子外流引起的，静脉滴注氯化钠对神经细胞的静息电位影响不大，B错误；肺水肿时，新冠肺炎重症患者容易出现呼吸肌疲劳，当呼吸肌收缩时，其肺部扩张不足，氧气难以入肺，进而使身体得到的氧气减少，同时肺泡内渗出液增多，使得肺泡壁增厚，影响了肺泡与周围毛细血管的气体交换，会导致血氧饱和度下降和酸碱衡失调，C正确；血浆肝酶含量高于正常值说明肝细胞膜的通透性增加，肝细胞可能受到一定程度的损伤，D正确。7.D【解析】由图可知，Y、Y2、Y,是浆细胞分泌的三种抗体，作用原理不同。胰岛B细胞可以直接感受血糖浓度升高而分泌胰岛素，抗体Y1与胰岛B细胞上的受体结合以后，使胰岛B细胞无法感受血糖浓度的变化，从而不能分泌胰岛素，A正确；根据题图分析可知，图中②所示的患病机理是抗体Y2直接作用于胰岛B细胞，导致胰岛素分泌减少，血糖浓度升高，B正确；抗体Y?与靶细胞上的胰岛素受体结合，使胰岛素与其受体的结合机会减少，若其靶细胞是肝生物学参考答案（附中版）一1

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21.(12分)盐酸洛美沙星是一种氟喹诺酮药物，具有抗肿瘤活性。某课题组设计的合成路线如下(部分反应条件已省略)：CHOHC-C(COOCH,CH)AH2/NiBcDPh,OC.H2FNO2CHFNDPECHIFNOHCCOO OOCCH,0-0O-BHNNHEC,H,BrB(OOCCH为C2HFNO;K,CO/DMFZnCl,DMSOOHH(CH)N、HCIC2H2.F2NO,BHCIC,HOH盐酸洛美沙星请回答：(1)下列说法不正确的是A.化合物A分子中所有原子一定共面B.根据合成路线推测，化合物C能与其他物质发生缩聚反应C.化合物G中含有配位键D.洛美沙星的分子式为C17H18F2N3O3(2)化合物B的官能团名称是▲；化合物H的结构简式是▲。(3)写出D→E的化学方程式▲。(4)写出3种同时符合下列条件的化合物F的同分异构体的结构简式（不包括立体异构体）▲①H一NMR谱表明：分子中共有3种不同化学环境的氢原子：②IR谱检测表明：苯环上有多酚羟基且相邻，且分子不含一CN,含一N=O:③分子中还有一个五元碳环。NH,(5)以苯胺(和甲氧亚甲基丙二酸二甲酯[CH3OHC-=C(COOCH3)2]为原料，设计合成如下图所示化合物的合成路线（用流程图表示，无机试剂、有机溶剂任选）▲。-OCH浙江省重点中学拔尖学生培养联盟高三化学试题卷第8页共8页

2022/4/110高分说24.D本句前面提到“art museum”,在艺术博物馆中，我们了解的信息应该是关于画作的，故选D。25.B根据常识可知，购买某个产品前，先看关于这个产品的评价，故选B。26.D本句是对“smart glasses”这个高科技产品的总结，结合前面内容，可知D项最合适。大意为它让生活更加美妙。七年级第48期第24版高分说27.D本段是介绍镜子在未来的作用。本句模拟的情境是在早上，可知D项最符合该情境。28.A根据“with long hair”,可知A项最为恰当，大意为如果你留的是短头发，你想知道你留长头发的样子，你可以和你的镜子说。29,A前一句提到了长头发和短头发两种发型，可知是两种不同的特征，故选A。七年级第48期第24版51

42022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试·押题卷英语（四）》总评本套试卷延续以往高考题的命题特色，试题结构稳定，设题科学严谨、难易适中，内容真实丰富，语料多样地道，符合以核心素养为导向的考核评价要求。一、语料真实丰富试卷语篇类型多样，包含应用文、说明文、新闻报道等；选文内容多元，跨越自然生态、环境保护、人工智能等不同领域，富有知识性、教有性与科学性；话题丰富，包含中国国家公园、足球运动员帮助邻居请扫积雪等，主题与内容符合考生的认知水。整体而言，该套试卷兼具思想性、实用性，既能全面、准确地评价考生的知识，技能和素养，也能帮助考生拓展生活视野或境界。二注重育人功能试题围绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境。阅读B篇介绍作者留学的经历与感悟，有助于引导考生正确应对困难，阅读C篇介绍了塑料废品的新用途，有利于引导考生树立环保意识。语法填空介绍了一场中国古典音乐会，有助于弘扬中华传统文化【答案速查】知，三江源国家公园是中国第一个国家公园，也是世21222324252627282930界上最大的国家公园，由此可推断出正确答案为C。BDAADBCB22.B【命题意图】考查细节理解。31323334353637383940【解题思路】根据第二部分中的“Nanshan Grassland isAADBGBCAFthe most recommended highlight of the park.”可知，南山41424344454647484950国家公园中的南山牧场是作者极力推荐人们去的景DABBDCBA点。故选B。515253545523.D【命题意图】考查细节理解。BCBBC【解题思路】根据第三部分中的“Best time to visit:July56.programs57.was performed58.temporarily59.into September'”可知，祁连山国家公园的最佳游览时间60.reserving61.faced 62.the 63.which 64.has是7一9月份，故选D。presented 65.development词汇积累*，highlight n.最精彩的部分junction n.连接第二部分阅读处，接合点located in位于the roof of the world世界屋脊biological study生物学研究第一节小体裁：记叙文主题：人与自我一留学经历助力实现梦想体裁：应用文主题：人与自然一中国顶级的国家公园【语篇导读】Edith是她本国一所学校的老师，她的理想是【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了中国的三个顶级的国家公园创办自己的公司。为了实现自己的理想，她选择去留的特点、适宜人群及最佳游览时间。学，而这段留学经历也让她受益匪浅。21.C【命题意图】考查推理判断。24.A【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】根据第一部分中的China's first National【解题思路】由第一段的内容可知，Edith多年前是一名Park and also the largest national park in the world老师，为了实现创办自己的公司的理想，她决定出国D22卷（四）·英语

海三里留号时目留M:Hello,everyone.We are lucky to have Molly Taylor here today.Molly is organizing an activity course for the summW:YesThewe did hinn i longerthis year and huveveer In act,two schoos(Text 9)holidays.Molly,this is the secodyear of theouis?haveghweek hliday Butht the sme pn yr.Wellwere tl verytheofppleeinthe oWe did't ally have eM.But,I understandoucompleteassistants to look after all the children.Besides,there was sucha lot of rain that we couldn't goouide s often as wegin there长nm圆no上dwoeodpnveureBtdecidheee inmfun proIM:So,what activities can the children look forward to this year?wanted to.W.Pleaed to be here today.Mymenikhreth yousomething about my French eaingremember when I first startedoa the anguaeIdidn't really havea proble with the pronuncition Ijust hadathink it'll be good fun for children.hard time memoriing words But I madegreateforandsoringtou of ten ill of the tests By thetime I got to university,I coud do me writing and ranslations without much difficulty,and I actually njoyed(Text 10)learning the grammar rules.Then as part of my university course Ihad to go and live inFrance for a year.As soon asI arrived,I realized I didn't know how to order the type of coffee I liked,and trying to find somewhere to live or staywas something difficult to deal with.Icalled people about information in the paper,but I had to keep putting the phonedown because I couldn't understand a word they were sayingthey all spoke so quickly!I could see then that there's nopoint in just knowing words if you can't hold a conversation with a native speaker.The ability to speak freely is whathelps you get a job,hold a conversation or just buy things you need.参考答案1~5 CCBAB 6~10 ABBAA 11~15 CBAAC 16~20 CBACC2L.B细节理解题。根据文中提到的每个节目单集的时长可知，Legends of the Hidden Temple每集的时间最长。本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合全家一起观赏的电视节目。2.A细节理解题。根据Doogie Kamedoa,M.D.部分“…Lahela‘Doogie'Kamealoha,amedical school graduate whois trying to figure out how to manage being a doctor and a teenager at the same time.,Lahela"DoogieKamealoha【答案与解析】23.C细节理解题。根据Star Wars:iion部分his Dsneymade up of independentr.”可知，Sar的困扰是如何衡她的不同角色。本文是一篇记叙文。。个名叫Umr的印度女孩在放学回家的路上看到一名熨衣商贩扔掉会产生大Wars:Visions的特别之处是它的故事是彼此独立的。2B雅理判断题，根将第段的内容及第二段so0 mkar cme即w山nda”可推，断第一段主要说明量浓烟的木炭。受到这一场景的启发，这个小女孩发明了一种新型的太阳能熨衣车。【答案与解析】6A点三与7咖Vinisha Umashankar的发明的灵感来源。buildingamodel.”可知，Vinisha Umashankar向一些专家寻求了帮助。6a学年外的药提孤二怎三二二二一如法的数发含外的服务提2玩一5及。产关Rw”供打电话和手机充电服务。二。发防r花夫俗家资器器产含言警没以发了十内干小州的限甲脑的快低一。过对皮快用店”的研究，研究员们可以了解古罗马人的饮食惯。【答案与解析】【高三核心模拟卷（下，英语一）参考答案第2页（共4页】

celebrating success because they often don't recognize when they've been successfucesheWhen we think of eelebrating,wemy thnkbou rewarding ourseferaccomplishngizer jobel doe.Although rewarding yourseffee hecebringreward sugethathere isoffornthat particulakengthe pri.However,celeckbou apreciation of the proceyourfreh have you the way andwhere you'd like to go next.ssAetually there re my idesthat c belp yoyouri f allou nkouref ue likeWht id h?What do I fee m confdent bouotThen think bou themsweringthec helprify what it i thtouretocelbng bout yoursdho thankd improve per hthatwllikely be used in future tasks.gWhen celebrating sucestytoremember others who may have helped youtoreach the finish in.Give them specifie feedbaek()about the ways they helped you achieve yound express thanks for their help.When you cebrate sue with others,you'e developing theWhat'stskind of meaningful relationships thatthse same peopetowant to help you in the future.29more,do celebrate in fun ways that develop your mind,body,and spirit.For exampe,you can walk inthe park,watch sunrise or sunset,or try a new hobby.17.Why do people fail to celebrate success?B.They are too busy in daily life.A.They are unaware of their success.D.They don't admit small progress.C.They take success too seriously.18.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.Ways of celebrating and rewarding.B.Some advantages of celebrating success.C.Definitions of celebrating and rewarding.D.Differences between celebrating and rewarding.19.What is your first step of celebrating success according to the texA.Figuring out all your personal strengths.B.Reflecting on whatever led you to success.C.Making decisions about ways of celebrating.D.Asking yourself about the meanings of success.20.What is the benefit of relating others in your celebration?B.It can increase your happiness.A.You can achieve more success.C.You will win their support as usual.D.It will help develop your confidence.选择题答题栏题号12356891011121314151617181920答案【高考专题突破卷·英语（二）第6页（共6页）】

second choice ofhe这ee。第四部分写作共两节，满分35分节改笔（其d题每不题上分，满分10分）学婆这两食保悠改你同经写的以下作文.文中共有地你丽能下增双只州专德符并在其下面号凌加的筒删除：把多余的词用斜线)划掉。修改、在塔的同卡划藏线并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意山每处错误及其修政询仅限司2.只充许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。that you are curiously about how we chinesethMid Atetia lidy in 2021I more thaheondetailedithyoond the taition Mid Autumn nthe sa day in 221,which was a public holiday for the whole country.What madeusathe hoidy peploChin it popte hm如tybut theil the whol rl To tell you the tuth.wetaeoua stronger and moe prosperous China!s far Im cned,theioie travel bom()tat Chinath the impof the COVID-19 pandemic.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假设你是育才高中学生李华，你校将举办主题为“魅力之声(the Voice of Charm)”的英文电影配音比赛。作为学生会主席，请给外教Bu©e写一封电子邮件，邀请他担任评委，内容包括：1.介绍比赛信息（如时间、地点等)；2.说明评委职责。注意：1.词数100左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.参考词汇：配音dub;音调intonation;(电影等)片断clip。【2022年冲刺押题卷（五）·英语第8页（共8页）】

B.“冒白烟”时水分子改变D.压强变大，氨气分子间的间隔变小C.中午时分“冒白烟”现象减弱9.(2022·无锡)如图所示，分别同时在双连试管D.极寒天气中车辆可正常行驶中滴入2~3滴浓氨水和浓盐酸，2~3秒后即8.氨气有刺激性气味，结合表中信息，不能得出观察到滴入浓盐酸的试管中产生白烟。下列的是叙述错误的是(浓氨水浓盐酸体积物质分子个数0℃/20℃/0℃/白烟101 kPa101 kPa202 kPaNHC1)约6.02×17g氨气22.4L24.1L11.2A.分子在不断地运动1023个B.浓盐酸和浓氨水都具有挥发性A.氨气分子质量很小C.氨气和氯化氢接触后有新物质生成B.闻到氨水的气味是分子在运动D,氯化氢分子运动速率比氨气分子运动速率快C.温度升高，氨气分子体积变大微实验突破（三）分子运动现象的探究。教材原型酚酞纱脱脂棉布条滴有酚酞溶液如图1是探究分子运动的实验。橡胶帽滤酚酞试的棉花热纸溶液管浓氨水(1)实验中观察到的现象滴加浓氨水酚酞浓图2图3图4是溶液的蒸(5)如图3，某同学用仪器X吸取少量浓氨水滴水馏水加在脱脂棉上，X的名称为(2)上述现象表明图1若实验中发现滤纸条没有变色，而试管中所(选填“浓氨水”或“酚酞”)易挥发。塞的脱脂棉却变成了红色，导致这种现象产(3)实验说明分子具有的性质是生的错误操作可能是了拓展探究(6)用如图4装置研究分子的性质。分别用两(4)图2实验中用胶头滴管吸取少量浓氨水，将个胶头滴管吸入约1mL浓氨水，立刻用单其滴入T形三通管的细弯管处，然后用橡胶孔橡胶塞固定，将橡胶塞塞入试管中，并将帽封闭管口（已知氨气密度比空气小）。一B试管放置在盛有热水的烧杯中，同时挤压会儿，观察到(选填“ba”或“bc”)段胶头滴管，观察到的现象为纱布条先变成红色。与图1实验对比，改进后的优点是设计A、B实验的目的是第三单元物质构成的奥秘27

第二单元小结与复单元知识整合成分（按体积分数计）：氮气约占,氧气约占,稀有气体约占0.94%，二氧化碳空约占0.03%，其他气体和杂质约占0.03%主要污染物：二氧化硫、一氧化碳、二氧化氮、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、细颗粒物污染和防治(PM2.5)和臭氧等防治：加强大气质量监测，使用清洁能源，积极植树、造林、种草等物理性质：通常情况下，是色、无味的气体，溶于水，密度比空气略液态、固态均呈淡蓝色化学性质木炭十氧气点趱硫+氧气点燃化合反应(氧化性)红磷十氧气点燃铁十氧气应燃(氧化反应)过氧化氢二氧化锰反应原理氯酸钾二氧化锰，反应加热氧高锰酸钾加热气实验步骤（高锰酸钾制氧气）：查、装、定、点、收、离、熄实验室制法固体加热气体发生装置固十液→气体收集方法：向排空气法、排水法制法检验方法：将伸入集气瓶中，若,证明是氧气验满方法：将带火星的木条放在集气瓶,若木条复燃，证明已满工业制法：分离液态空气素养提升专练1.【化学观念】(2022·丹东)“天宫课堂”中，航天B.二氧化硫是空气污染物之员在水球光学实验中打入的“人造空气”与我C.空气中氮气的体积分数约为78%们身边的空气成分含量基本相同，“人造空气”D,植树造林有利于保护空气中体积分数最大的是()3.【化学观念】(2022·邵阳)下列物质，在空气中A.氮气B.氧气加热只能发生红热现象，不能燃烧；但在氧气C.稀有气体D.二氧化碳中点燃能剧烈燃烧，火星四射，生成黑色固体2.【化学观念】(2022·湘潭)空气是人类赖以生的是()存的物质基础。下列有关说法错误的是A.红磷B.铁丝C.木炭D.硫(4.【化学观念】(2022一2023·长沙期中)小亮在A.空气中的氧气是一种常见的燃料整理归纳化学反应类型时，发现氧化反应和化24九年级化学上·RJ

V4 How much water does Natalie drink veryth步.yFhy【T思路点拨】>第1步：What will our earth be like in 50 years?day?She drinks half a wlass of waterelse.写作提纲5.Why does Natalie write the letter?Bec0 use she9se叫ghhn53引出话题I'd like to make some predictionsabout the future of the earthletter travel back in time so thatpeople」thewould enow it's(本版参考答案见下期第4版1 wbortant0 save w0to加第1版C吧S吧225.at me u被型精-3DAC善我们的生清3-year-old son27.write downI.1.medicine2.own3 team5different kinds of身体健康4.improveHer love of gymnastics made her keep competing.foreign30.开始一个动项目21eat less fast food“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。”I.themselves2.meaningto de333.discussingHer love of gymnastics.B.书面表达take up第2版5.personal35.have...in common课堂链接make the soccer team2.was able to36遣河道句：37.the meaning of1.telling2.going个人进步人提升have nothing to do with 4.at the beginning of1.doctor2.engineer3.violinist4 make sure句子英汉互译5.take up4.scientist5.厨师6.程序员5.s about/of6.sent;toWhat do you want to be when you grow up?promise2.improve your lives7.pilot&culture9 becomecan are able to8.could/was able towrite:down4.physical health10优秀的11.网深9.be able toI want to be a computer programmer10.promised2你打算怎么做呢？5.Take upbetter12.尽可能多7.hardly everplanning13.实现14.when I am frce/in my free time11.promised that12.made a promise打计算机科学difficult15.makes me excited 16.It's not easy to2break my promSounds like a good plan.9.forget10.have no resolutions自我展示语法在线4.I'm going to start when I finish high school andSelf Checkwant to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up.going toI.I.What does;want to beWhen I am free,I often read.I think Chinesegoing to be5,有时这些决心可能会很难实现。2.isn't going to3.Are;going to4.When is:going tois the most beautiful language in the world.I love5.is going to bereading poems best,and reading poems makes me单元课课练(Unit6)1.time2.meal3.youexcited.I want to be a Chinese teacher and bring2蓝球运动黄Section A4.from5.sure6.promiseChinese language and culture to the worldkeep on doing sth6尽某人最大的努力2.doctor3.engineer7.much8.playbutIt's never easy to become an excellent Chinese4.pilot5.actor10.resolutions/promisesteacher.Firstly,I'm going to read as much as possible8.a race car driver3.take acting lessons2.driverscientists第4版Secondly,I will have some online classesduring0.与文￥pianist5.education语法选择send sth.to sb.12.季弹锅琴holidays.grow up2.sure about3.Make sure1-5 BDACB6-10 DBBACMan and Kang Zhen are my favoritemake theteachers.Thirdly,I plan to volunteer as a teacher,soget good grades4.keen on多进行体育炼5.try our best读写综合16.next yearthat I can get some teaching experienceGrammar FoA.回答问题learn another language18.be able to do sthAll in all.I'm going to try my best to realize my19.如early20.一种2.plans3.beginning1.She took part in the Olympic Games eight times.dream多数情况下，大多数时候4.After5.ofEight times.wnte2223.放学回来8.cookhobbiesmake promises to sb.2.She started to do gymnastics at age 7./At age 7.10.wait.It was dangerous.Dangerous.本版主编李娜责编尹红履本报地址山西省太原市小店区龙兴街190号郎政编码030032联系电话0351-27776792777680（发行中心）订阅查询0351-27776482777649激光排版本报激光照排中心印刷武汉彩集实业有限公司武汉市汉南区武汉模具工业园第22幢1号)订阅方式为方便订阅订户可通过当地发行工作站订购订阅时请核验其“授权书”“工作证”或直接向本报发行中心咨询以防假置盗版行为

第11章化学实验学生用人书二、综合实验的设计与评价3.实验方案评价的基本原则1.实验方案设计的基本原则分析实验方案是否科学可行可行性实验操作是否安全合理科学性实验原理、实验流程科学合理实验步骤是否简单方便安全性—保护人身、仪器、环境安全实验效果是否明显实验过程中是否造成环境污染基本原则可行性仪器、条件、试剂在中学现有绿色化学原料是否无毒、安全、易得条件下能满足要求基本原则原料利用率是否较高·反应速率是否较快商约图一奢餐效终舞装置简单、节省安全性2.实验方案设计的基本内容规范性相对完整的实验实验方案设计的方案内容四种常见考点(1)实验名称实验操作顺序及正误(2)实验目的(3)实验原理鉴定物质组成成分(4)实验用品常见考点(5)实验步骤验证化学原理(6)实验注意事项(7)实验记录及结果处理物质的制备（包括分(8)实验相关问题讨论离、提纯)命题视角分析核心知识突破置典题引路SO,含有Cu+、Cu+和SO号。已知：Cu+【考向一】原理、性质探究类综合实稀硫酸Cu十Cu2+,Cu2+Cul(白色)十l。验—科学探究与创新意识素养水4要求。①用稀H2SO4证实沉淀中含有Cu+的实例①以Na2SO,溶液和不同金属的硫酸验现象是盐溶液作为实验对象，探究盐的性质和盐溶液0间反应的多样性。②通过下列实验证实，沉淀中含有Cu+和试剂实验现象SOg。滴管试管饱和Ag2SO淀粉溶液I.产生白色沉淀无明显现象溶液K1溶液取上层清液分成两份0.2mol·L10.2 mol .L-Ⅱ.溶液变绿，继续滴试剂1洗净的棕黄色沉淀白色沉淀白色沉淀ANaSO,溶液CuSO,溶液加产生棕黄色沉淀0.1mol·L1Ⅲ.开始无明显变化，a.白色沉淀A是BaSO4,试剂1是Alz(SO,)继续滴加产生白色溶液沉淀b.证实沉淀中含有Cu2+和SO号的理由(1)经检验，现象I中的白色沉淀是Ag2SO3。用离子方程式解释现象I：是(2)经检验，现象Ⅱ的棕黄色沉淀中不含(3)已知：A12(SO)3在水溶液中不存在。经检验，现象Ⅲ的白色沉淀中无SO,该白色333

第五章物质的结构与性质②题组训练、考点三分子结构与物质性质考向1价层电子对互斥模型考向1范德华力对物质性质的影响1.下列分子或离子中，中心原子的价层电子对互1.下列关于范德华力影响物质性质的叙述中，正斥模型为四面体形且分子或离子的空间结构确的是(·)为V形的是A.范德华力是影响由分子构成物质的熔点、沸A.NH;B.PH,点高低的唯一因素C.H,0+D.OF2B.范德华力与物质的性质没有必然的联系2.有几种阴离子的信息如下：C.范德华力能够影响物质的化学性质和物理性质阴离子D.范德华力仅是影响某些物质部分物理性质C104C103MC10的一种因素中心元素化合价+5+3+12.（2022吉林延边一模)已知一种矿石中心原子的杂化类型psp[YZ2X(XW)4]的组成元素W、X、Y、Z为原子下列推断不正确的是序数依次增大的短周期元素，其中W、X、Z分别A.C10;和C0?的价电子总数相同位于不同周期，Z原子核外最外层电子数是X原B.M的化学式为ClO,子核外电子数的一半，1个WX分子中含有C.C10?、C10中氯原子的杂化类型都为sp10个电子。下列说法正确的是（)DM的空间结构为V形A.原子半径：Y>Z>X>W考向2杂化轨道理论B.Y与X形成的化合物可与NaOH溶液反应3.下列有关sp2杂化轨道的说法错误的是C.简单氢化物的沸点：Z>X(D.Z的最高价氧化物不能与酸、碱反应A.由同一能层上的s轨道与p轨道杂化而成题后悟道B共有3个能量相同的杂化轨道范德华力与氢键的对比C.每个sp2杂化轨道中s能级成分占三分之范德华力氢键D.sp2杂化轨道最多可形成2个o键a.有N一H、0-H、F一H的分4.(2022山东济南模拟)元素H、C、N可组成多种a.各种分子间均有b.与相对分子质量、分子才有氢键子极性有关b,有分子间氢键与分子内氢键杂环化合物，如吡啶)(吡咯)，两种c.无方向性、饱和性c.有方向性、饱和性d作用很微弱，只影响下列说法错误的是熔、沸点等物理性质d比范德华力稍强，只影响熔沸点等物理性质A.电负性：H

上A2.A3中道W:Sure.and wcan also buysomM:Good请听第材料，国答第13至第15小题W:I'll brtorsear when I growctorM A的Maybein twenty orwhat do you want to doM.in the futurewant to be an asfly to the noon.You?W:I want to liv under the seAndrobots willhelp me withthehoworkM:Willthereschools in thefuture?W:No.I don't thinkstudents willgo to schoolM:Wow,lifewill be so differentin the fue独白，根据独白不超过3个单听独白前你将有50秒钟的时间续句子独白读两遍It started in 1997.But the playersare not humans:they are robots.By 2050,the scientists hope to makeroborfootball players andelet them win the World Cup.Thegood playing football.But not alfootballgames.Let's see some robots insports.CUE is a robot forbasketball games.It is 190 cm talltaller than many players.Robot Jockeyanimal racing.Usingrobots in aniracing started in2004 and thefirst Successful racewas in 2005参考答案(Onc possible外)version选择题除、听力理解eL-5 ABARO6-10 ABACA11-I5 RARAA16.football17.199718.basketball games19.190cm20.2004、单项填空21-25 DBCDA26-28BDCm三、完形填空co29-33 CABDB 34-38 CADCB39-43 ADCBD44.to comeJu45.difficult46.enoughca47.talented48.fourth香49.often50.heart51.in52.joined53.stop54.myselfstr四、阅读理解m55-57DCC58-62 BCADB63-67 CBACD68-72 BDDCCm73-77 GEDCA五、补全对话78-82 BCGEF六、书面表达My dream robotMy dream robot will be calledClouddy.It will look like a cloud.There will be a rainbow on itshead.It will have four arms and itsbody will be very soft.Clouddy will be clever and helpfulIt can help me do some houseworklike doing the dishes and cleaningthe floor.It can'also help me withmy studies.I can also get lots ofinformation from it.In my opinion,the life in the fiturewill be easy and comfortable.Robotscan help us do most of the workand we will have flying cars andbecome rich.【书面表达写作指导】本次写作1)体裁：说明文：(2)时态：以一般将来时为主；(3)人称：以第一人称和第三人称为主；(4)写作中可能用到的表达：in the future,look like,do thedishes,clean the floor等。《

61.its考查代词。本空后面是名词speed和convenience,因此这里填入形容词性物主代词来修饰它们。62.to explain考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里需要填入动词不定式形式来做目的状语。63.popularity考查词性转换。本空前面的定冠词the暗示这里需要填入名词，故答案为popularity。64.typically考查副词。这里用提示形容词typical的副词形式typically,表示“通常”。65.is expanding/.will expand考查时态。前面分句说“随着数字世界的发展”，后面分句应该说“搜寻信息的方式也在不断扩展”。这里用现在进行时最佳，也可用一般将来时。One possible version:NoticeA lecture on how to build our cultural confidence will be given by Professor Wang from a well-known university.Themain aim of the lecture is to help us realize the value of Chinese culture and appreciate the charm of it.The lecture isscheduled to take place in the lecture hall of our school at 4:00 on the afternoon of next Monday.All the students are welcome to attend it.You are supposed to arrive on time,listen carefully and respect thelecturer.Mobile phones,snacks and drinks are not allowed and don't make any noise.Please feel free to put your handsup and ask the professor if you have any questions.The Students'UnionOne possible version:On Christmas morning,my sister and I gave award-winning performances when we opened our presents-again."Headphones!"I shouted excitedly."Thanks,it's just what I wanted."After everything had been opened,my sister andI looked at each other,and our eyes met.Our secret was safe.After a moment,when both of us were quiet,Mum saidsmilingly,looking into our eyes,"Honey,seeing you happy with the presents makes me happy.Anyhow,I've sensed thatyou show no sign of surprise,since you've looked into the presents beforehand."Looking at each other,my sister and I laughed-Mum had actually found out our secret.Cathering up enoughcourage,we went up to her,murmuring "I'm sorry,Mum.But before we could go on,Mum interrupted us and said,"This is no time to say sorry.Go and enjoy yourselves."I don't remember how we spent that day happily with ourChristmas gifts,but I remember one thing clearly.That is,we should learn to be honest,even if we've done somethingwrong or improper.英语第5页（共7页）

Before becoming a food vlogger,Shi 6.was (be)a data analyst.In 2020,Shi quit his job and threwtake one's time over sth make up for cry out forhimself 7.intocooking."In order to cook novel短do the trick throw oneself into in low spirits法and difficult dishes,I have learnt many techniques,including making pancakes,Lamian noodles,milk tea,语4.Having received the support from her family,填8.and fried tea,"said Shi.When he was asked填Judy threw herself into writing.what the dishes tasted like,the food vlogger said that5.The young man believes that hard effort can空the dishes tasted 9.amazing(amaze).Based on his空make up forhis lack of talent.experience 10.associated(associate)with cooking thedishes,he also thinks that the taste preferences of6.Lucy is in low spirits after knowing thepeople in ancient times were different from those oftrip to the seaside has been called off due to bapeople in modern times.weather.Tsk2语境填词Task4请在空格处填入适当的词语，使其句意与所给请根据句子语境，从下面方框里选择合适的单词并用其适当形式同义句改写句子意思相同或相近（每空一词）。语完成下列句子（有两项为多余选项）。同digest greedy enhance cycle low1.With the intention of finding relief from stress,theflavour associate combine generate gentle义man decides a daily exercise routine.填Intending to relieve stress,the man1.The music of this new band is an odd句decides a daily exercise routine.词combination of rock and opera.2.Some fat people are the way they are because改2.All the foreign tourists who have been to the GreatWall of China have a deep impression of it.they always eat greedily.写All the foreign tourists who have been to the3.The CEO promised that the company would bea place for creative ideas to be generatedGreat Wall of China are_deeply impresseddigest greedy enhance cycle low3.The shortage of workers is tied up with the issueflavour associate combinegenerate gentleof pay.境The shortage of workers is linked with/to the4.To know everyone in the group as quickly asissue of pay.填possible,the new girl makes mental associations4.The man determines to spend all his money词between people's appearance and their names.betting on the securities.5.Advanced technology should be used to enhanceThe man determines to spend all his moneyhuman beings'happiness rather than do harmplacing/puttinga bet on the securitiesto them.Ta8k5翻译句子请根据汉语提示完成下列句子(每空一词)。语digest greedy enhance cycle lowflavour associate combine generate gentle翻境译1.处理紧急情况的能力因人而异。6.Costs,already greatly reduced,must be loweredeven further if the airline is to compete in an句The ability to deal with emergenciesvaries from person to person词increasingly cut-throat world.7.The dentist says that the tongue should be子2.这首优美的歌曲使人想起了那部电影的动人场面。cleaned gently with a soft toothbrush.The beautiful song calls/brings to mind/reminds8.Many old people report that their stomachspeople of the touching scene of the film.can't digest foods high in calories quicklyTask 3请从下面方框里选择适当的短语并用其适当形式填空短语填空（每个短语仅用一次）。短take one's time over sth make up for cry out for3.我建议你不要在明天的聚会上做这道菜，因为材语do the trick throw oneself into in low spirits料真的很难找，更不用说烹饪过程了，要花一个多小时。填1.Take your time over the report,and you still haveI recommend that you shouldn't make this dish ata week before you hand it in to Professor Smith.tomorrow's party,because the materials are really空2.The local hospital cries out formore blooddifficult to find,not to mention the cookingdonation in order to keep pace with the need.process,which will take more than one hour.3.The doctor says the treatment cando the trickand the man will quicklrecover.

会给孩子们树立正确的人生观，教会他们勇于挑战。7.A。推断。通读全文可知，Bt一直致力于帮助自己的学生，体现出她热爱教育、献身教育的精神。【补充解释】tough nut to crack(para.I):难对付的人；难办的事spring break(para.2):春假是一种传统的学校假期，根据国家和地区的不同，春假的时间也有所不同。北半球国家一般在每年3月到5月之间，南半球国家一般在每年10月到11月之间。beat oneself up(about/over sth)(para.3):(为某事)过分自责social emotional learning(last paragraph):社会情感学，是由美国CASEL组织最先提出的，它是指个体能够认识并控制管理自己的情绪，在不同环境中识别不同人的情绪状态并作出相应的反应，设立合适的目标，获得解决问题的技能，并作出负责任的决定，以维持良好人际关系的学过程。C篇主题语境：人与自我一一生活本文是说明文。文章介绍了安德鲁·维尔医生的健康理念及他的畅销书Eight Weeks to Optimum Health的主要内容。8.B。理解具体信息。根据第一段中的Everyone is concerned about their health.others it's about comingdown with diseases which affected their parents可知，令人们担心的是自己的健康状况不佳。9.A。推断。根据第二段中的everyone is different so Weil also provides specific guidance for different people可知，维尔医生的书中包括了针对不同人群的指导建议，因此可推知，维尔医生认为我们应根据自己不同的情况选择相应的保持健康的办法。l0.C。理解主旨要义。根据第三段中的week one begins with.As the weeks progress...Week two calls forWith each week comes the adoption of.可知，第三段从Week one的具体指导建议，整本书的编排思路，及每章的例子这几方面大概介绍了Eight Weeks to Optimum Health这本书的主要内容。ll.C。理解目的。最后一段通过protect,teaches,enable这几个字样突出强调了Eight Weeks to OptimumHealth这本书的种种好处，并在结尾处用了Start it now and enjoy the benefits for the rest of your life这类号召性语言，其目的就是向读者大力推荐这本书。【补充解释】come down with(para.l):患，得，染上（小病）on top of the world(para.l):欢天喜地的；兴高采烈的；得意洋洋的draw up(para.2):拟订；制订；起草D篇主题语境：人与社会一一科学与技术本文是说明文。新型可食用传感器可显示冷冻食品之前是否曾解冻。l2.D。推断。根据第二段中的The sensor provides a colour readout when it's warmed above a certaintemperature可知，当温度升高到一定的值以上，该传感器就会显示出一个颜色读数，也就是会改变颜色。l3.C。推断。根据第三段中的And according to the US Department of Agriculture...longer than two hours可知，据美国农业部称，消费者不应该重新冷冻任何已解冻超过两个小时的食物。因此可知，解冻时间过长，食物可能会变质，此处提到这一权威言论是为了说明解冻食物后再次将其冷冻会有潜在危险。l4.B。理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的We hope that the sensor could be especially useful for smartpackaging,which can provide additional information about the product such as its storage condition history,研究者认为他们的发明将会对智能包装很有用，该发明将会显示商品的额外信息，如在储存过程中的情况。15.D。理解主旨要义。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了科学家发明了可食用的传感器，可监侧食物是否解冻过，故D项为最佳选项。第二节主题语境：人与自我一一生活本文是说明文。文章介绍了居家办公的利弊。l6.F。根据上文中的Janet Dole reluctantly dragged herself out of bed和下文中的At that moment,Janet

B.混合气体总质量不变选择题C.密闭容器中NH的体积分数不变答题区D.密闭容器中混合气体的均相对分子质量不变题藁5.已知反应：mX(g)十nY(?)一pQ(s)+2mZ(g)。反应达到衡时c(X)=0.3mol·L,其他条件不变，若容器体积缩小到原来的2，c(X)20.8mol·L1。该过程中，衡移动的方向是3A.正反应方向B.逆反应方向C.不移动D.无法确定46.氮是生命的基础，氮及其化合物在生产、生活中具有广泛应用。工业上用氨的催化氧化法生产硝酸，其中涉及的热化学方程式有4NH(g)十5O2(g)一4NO(g)6+6H2O(g)△H=一904kJ·mol-1。下列有关说法正确的是7A.该反应不一定能自发进行8B.该反应的正反应活化能大于逆反应活化能9C.达到衡时，降低温度，v(正)增大、（逆）减小10D.断裂1molN一H键的同时，断裂1molO一H键，说明该反应达到衡11状态127.下列装置及设计能达到实验目的的是5滴0.1molL5滴0.1molL13FeCl3(ag)CuSO4(aq)加入少量KC1固体14温度计稀硫酸00量气管碎泡沫5 mL 0.005 mol.L-FeCla 5 mL 0.01 mol.L-1①②橡胶管KSCN的混合溶液甲丁A.甲装置可以比较Fe3+和Cu+对H2O2分解反应的催化效果B.乙装置可测定稀盐酸和稀氢氧化钠溶液反应的中和热C.丙装置和秒表可以探究反应物浓度对反应速率的影响D.丁装置可用来验证增大生成物浓度，化学衡逆向移动8.我国自主知识产权的首套煤基乙醇工业化项目的生产过程为先用煤制得乙酸甲酯，再将乙酸甲酯V逆正(CH COOCH3)转化为乙醇。乙酸甲酯转化为乙醇的反应原理为CH COOCH3(g)十2H2(g)一C2HOH(g)+CHOH(g)△H<0。该反应中反应tot2 t3 t4ts t6金·18·【24新教材·DY·化学（三）一R一选择性必修1一QGA·N】

Festival.Thereare a crowd of people from all walks of life,some taking carriages,others siting insedans on their way 69.the suburbs for spring outings.picture,you feel like part of it.When you look at 70.the第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。p必e0As I was watering plants in front of my house,my neighbor was passing by for his walk.She wasappreciated he pantsSoI to her ho Ihave increaed theumer of antsndh wu beoffer her a few.Then I mixed some potting soil and sand but put them in a container.After put the opencut into rooting powder,I put it in the soil with a few water.Usually it takes 4-6 week for the foots to装form and then they are ready for repotting or gifting.My connection with dirt and understanding of plantsare also growing in the process.I am gratefully for having these plants and the soil as my teachers and forbeing able to share the fruits with other.第二节书面表达（满分25分/假定你是李华，你校英文网站将开设一个新专栏，旨在加强师生线上沟通。请你给外教Jaso写封邮件，请他帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：1.表达问候；2.介绍新专栏；3.指导内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。线高考英语模拟试题（四）-第10页（共10页）

第(6)问，通过碘氧化法滴定分析产品中S+的含量的计算，本题侧重方法的理解，找出数据之间的关系，难度不大。16题：(15分)参考答案：(1)增大焙烧时原料的接触面积，加快反应速率等。合理即可(2分)(2)S02、C02(2分)答对1个得1分(3)Na2MoO4+HO+2HNO3=HMoO4HO↓+2NaNO3(2分)(4)增大NH4浓度，有利于NH4VO3尽可能析出完全(2分)(⑤)pH过低，VO3转化为VO2的程度较大；pH过高，NH4转化为NHHO的程度较大，均使沉钒率降低(2分)52×96(6)8(2分)3×1010(3分)【详解分析】第(1)问，为工艺流程图的常考题型，原料的预处理。答案为：增大焙烧时原料的接触面积，加快反应速率等。第(2)问，根据流程转化可知MoS、NS要在空气中氧化，纯碱参与反应可知，气体产物成分主要为S02、C02。第(3)问，考查方程式的书写，答案为Na2MoO4+HO+2HNO3=HMoO4H,O+2NaNO3第(4)问，沉钒的意图是把NH4VO3沉淀出来，进行分离。因此利用衡移动原理，增大NH4+浓度，使NH4VO3(s)=NH4*(aq)+VO3衡逆向移动，有利于NH4VO3尽可能析出完全。第（⑤）问，图像分析，结合已知信总可知：pH过低，VO3转化为VO2的程度较大；pH过高，NH4转化为NHHO的程度较大，均使沉钒率降低。8×二+1第(6)问，由图可知钼晶胞为体心立方最密堆积，该晶胞含有个8=2个钼原子，且晶胞中体对角线上的3个原子紧密相邻，已知钼的密度为Pgcm3,阿伏加德罗常数为NA,设钼原子半径为pm,可以3x2x52求出钼原子的半径4“VpNA×10°pm17题：(14分)参考答案1@@5*+HN*+3H2分》2②分散度越品，总表面积截大，吸附的反应物截多2分(2)4NH3(g+6NO(g)=5N2(g)+6H20(g)△H=(3b-a)kJmol1(2分)(3)小于(2分)降低温度，k正减小的幅度较小，k递减小的幅度较大，说明降低温度，衡正向移动，该反应为放热反应(2分)(4)<（2分)16(2分)试卷第4页，共6页

写作第一节参考范文：Dear Alice,How are you doing?As you know,in order to enrich our school cultural life and let uslearn more about the world culture,our school English club is holding a World Culture Week.There are a variety of activities during the week,including some cultural reports.As an Eng-lish native,you must be good at these kinds of reports.So I would like to invite you to give anEnglish report whose content is related to European history,ranging from ancient times tomodern times.Would you please spare some time to give the report?If possible,can you tell me whattime and which place will suit you?Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua第二节参考范文：As the elderly man saw us,he felt surprised.I went up to him and said,"Sir,you prob-ably do not remember me,but I'm the girl who checked your items out at the store today."Ihanded him a basket filled with all of the things he wished to buy.He took the basket andsaid,"Thank you,little girl.He turned to the nursing worker with excitement and said,"Ijust recognised her in the store.She brought us so many good things.What a lovely and kindgirl she is！”Then the elderly man handed the basket to the nursing worker.He said,"Help me dis-tribute these things to all the staff.Thank you all for your long-term concern."At that time,the nursing home was full of laughter and happiness,and presented a harmonious and friendlyatmosphere.Out in the car,my mother hugged me.She told me that though we were the oneswho gave the gifts to the elderly man,I was so lucky that fate had brought him to my cashierdesk and that I was the one who was truly blessed by the opportunity to give.【高一英语·参考答案第5页（共5页）】·23-513A·

employees,the thinking went,would create more interaction and teamwork,promote social interaction,and urgeproductivity.”可知，开放式办公空间趋势成为主流，是因为人们相信开放的空间环境支持创新。这种想法认为，员工之间的距离越近，就会产生更多的互动和协作，促进社会互动，并刺激生产力。29.答案D命题透析词义猜测题。思路点拨根据前面一句“Instead of talking more with each other,.the employees put on headphones and begancommunicating by text and email.”可知，员工们没有更多地相互交谈，而是戴上耳机，开始通过短信和电子邮件进行交流。由此推知，此句意为：随着数字通信渠道的激增，生产力下降了。30.答案D命题透析细节理解题。思路点拨根据第三段的“Even more troublesome are overheard‘halfversations',in which the listener only knowsabout one side of a dialogue;our brains automatically imagine the other'”可知，更具有a破坏性的是无意中听到的“半句话”，在这种情况下，听众只能听到对话的一部分；我们的大脑会自动想象其他内容。也就是说，听到同事间对话的一部分会影响开放式办公人员的工作效率。31.答案C命题透析推理判断题。思路点拨根据最后一段的“But the solution,say experts including Newport,isn't to go back to putting everyoneinto offices with walls..”可知，下文可能涉及的内容是应对开放式办公室缺点的解决方案。文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现通过在风力涡轮机的叶片和杆子上画上黑白条纹，可以减少因碰撞而死亡的鸟类的数量。32.答案D命题透析细节理解题。思路点拨根据第二段的“One of the main oppositions to such adoption is the fact that wind turbines often result inhigher rates of bird deaths as birds hit with the spinning blades,reducing populations of important species such aseagles and seabirds..”可知，反对采用这种方法的主要原因之一是，风力涡轮机对鸟类造成了威胁。33.答案B命题透析细节理解题。思路点拨根据第三段的“The design was to be high contrast,enabling it to be spotted even in low light,andwould create a‘flickering(闪烁)'effect when spinning,which birds are great at identifying.”可知，该设计是高对比度的，即使在弱光下也能被发现，并在旋转时产生“闪烁”的效果，而这正是鸟类最擅长识别的。34.答案A命题透析推理判断题。思路点拨根据最后一段的“It would,however,.be a tougher sell on residents,who already complain about thevisual pollution of large turbines.”可知，对于已经抱怨大型涡轮机的视觉污染的居民来说，这将是一个更艰难的销售。由此可推断，当地居民认为该设计不太好看。35.答案C命题透析标题归纳题。思路点拨通读文章可知，本文主要介绍研究人员发现通过在风力涡轮机的叶片和杆子上画上黑白条纹，可以减少因碰撞而死亡的鸟类的数量。36-40 CDEBG一4

B.Redesign the catalogue..C:Mail the catalogue to customers.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What does the woman want the man to do?A.Have lunch with her.B.Treat her cousin to a meal.f.C.Recommend her some places.for a meal.12.When will the woman probably take her cousin out for a meal?.A.On Monday.B.On Tuesday...aG.On Friday.g、13.Where will the woman go tonight?.A.To a Thai restaurant.B.To a Chinese restaurant.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。，.oa Australian restaurant.14.What are the speakers mainly talking about?..∷.A.Children's education.B.Family relationships.C/Family activities.、·15.What would the woman do with her father when she was young?、A/Play basketball.:B.See the movies.C.Go to the park.16.What does the woman suggest the man do next weekend?AVisit her house with his kidsB.Have dinner with her kids.C.Take his kids to the mall.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.When is the Student Welfare Office open tomorrow?A.From about 8:00 a.m.to 4:00 p.m.B/From about :00am.to:00p.m.C.From about 4:00 p.m.to 8:00 p.m.18.What can students use university identity cards to do?A Shop in some shops with a discount.B.Go to the movies for free.C.Get a free ride.19.Where will the book sale be held next week?A.In the Student Welfare Office.B.In the library.C.In the canteen.20.What does the speaker suggest students.do?A/Sign up for the cookery course at once.B.Read the books on the reading list.C.Eat at the university canteen.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分)第节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，.满分37.5分）·阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。远.：3AFlights often mean riskysecurity,long layovers and unexpected delays;which sometimesmake for unpleasant travel experiences.Still,your airport journey doesn't always have to be terrible.Here are some cool airports that will make you forget about all your travel baggage:Hamad International Airport,Qatar,fy

38第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当You'd better go over safety rules for the kitchen if youI need to doA第二部you'r home alone.And keeping theocked will help you to stay safe.Other kinds of emergencies(景急情)could come up,too,like a fire.Just in case,you need to know some第三部的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。How many times a day should you brush yourfeel alonteeth?It 56 is suggested (suggest)that you shouldTalk withvou feel about being home alonedo it at least twice a day.Only brushing teeth onceEa book,listen to music,sing.or play an instrument when you feel lonely.a day isn't enough 57to keep (keep)them clean.Besides,pets can be great company when you are home alone.Even a语Why?Once-a-day brushing gives some bacteria(Btoo long to eat away at the surface of your teeth.图A.Know how to stay safe.言运It can lead 58 to an increased possibility ofB.So take it easy and relaxC.Many kids feel safer with a pet around.teeth problems.However,according to a survey,D.It's common for chikren to stay home alone.many people in America brush less than once amay beweek.This problem isn't 59 uniquely (unique)some planningAmerican;it's common elsewhere.第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个第选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It was lunchtime and Evelyn Flores was starting toget really hungry.As she watched her classmates leavethe classroom to buy their lunch,she started to 41分Flores lived in San Mateo,Mexico with her parents,第三部分Well,you may wonder 60 when you shouldbrush your teeth.One of the common 61practices(practice)is doing it before going to bed at night.who were flower farmers.The family was not makingIt's important because while you're sound语enough 42 so instead of buying lunch,Flores'62 asleep (sleep),there's less saliva (in yourmother would drop off food.But that day,she didn't43 Usually,Flores would eat her lunch and then gomouth to fight any bacteria that remain.Besidesand play with her friends.言运the night,brush at least one other time during the用(D)41.A.rest B.packC.apply D.worryday.For most people,this will be in the morning,(B)42.A.effort B.money C.changes D.explanationseither before 63 or after eating breakfast.(C43.A.drop inB.come backC.show upD.give upBut her hunger and worry made it 44 to want to do第三部分much of anything."So I just 45 to sit in the第三部分Whenever you brush your teeth,avoidclassroom because I was kind of in a bad mood(心情)，”64 doing (do)it right after eating-especiallyFlores said.That was when Flores'teacher,Elizabeth Garcia,sugary food.This is because sugar cancame back to the 46 She was like,"Hey Flores,why65 veaken(weak)tooth enamel(牙釉质)and语are you inside?Why are you not outside eating yourlunch and 47 with your friends?"语brushing too quickly harms the enamel.It'sactually better to wait 30-60 minutes beforeyou brush.(B)44.A.late B.difficultC.unimportant D.useless(A)45.A.decided B.promisedC.expectedD.refused用(B)46.A.school B.classroomC.marketD.office用(C47.A.competing B.sharingC.playing D.running康After Flores explained her 48,Garcia told her第一节第三部分to 49 -that she'd be right back.When she 50,she had a bottle of juice and a sandwich for Flores to eat.第四部假定你们班英语课将举办一次主题为The city Irecommend visiting的演讲。请你写一篇演讲稿，推荐Garcia stayed with Flores while she 51.The student你觉得值得参观的城市，内容包括：and teacher 52 through the lunch hour.They got to1.你推荐的城市；2.你的理由；know each other better.3.希望大家能去该城市旅游。语言运D48.A.purposeB.ideaC.planD.situation注意：D)49.A.focusB.singC.goD.wait1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。(A)50.A.returnedB.spoke C.stopped D.finished写Hello,everyone!(A)51.A.ateB.studiedC.checkedD.commentedg(B)52.A.jokedB.talked C.laughed D.cried8Thank you for your listening!Flores remembers how 53 she felt."She was my第三部分first best friend,"she said.【写作提示】Flores is now studying at Western IllinoisUniversity.She chose Spanish education as her major第四部1.本题要求写一篇演讲稿，推荐你觉得值得(专业)to follow in Garcia's footsteps..“I want to be a参观的城市，故人称以第三人称为主；时态以一54,”Flores said..“55,MIs Garcia was a huge般现在时为主。inspiration(灵感来源)for me.”2.正文分段内容：第一段提出要推荐的城市；言运(O53.A.anxiousB.curious写第二段具体解释推荐的理由；第三段表达希望大C.supportedD.awkward家能去该城市旅游。(D)54.A.cook B.translatorC.farmer D.teacher(A)55.A.ObviouslyB.InterestinglyC.SimilarlyD.Luckily5

中学主辛报在对南第十届报纸综合质量检测中，西获“一级报纸”装誉你号。教师的得力助手学生的良师益友元素和元素周期表口黑龙江课程笔记○赵立新（高级教师）一、元素和元素符碳是由两种元素组成的个周期个族枝元素是妇(即核电药5,空气中含量最多的元素是2.元素周期表各部分涵义简)相同的:地壳中含量最多的元素是称。可见元素种类是由的总:地壳中含量最多的金属元素803(或氧)决定的是;生物细胞中含量最多的15.99十④2.元素分为元素是;相对原子质量最小和前四的分别为地壳中元素含量排名的元素是;人体中含量最多【提示】原子序数与元素原子的核电荷数在数值上相同。的金属元素是【提示】一般来说，元素名称中有6元素符号的意义：一是表示3.同周期元素递变规律“”字旁的是金属元素，有“石”“；二是表示一个(1)同一周期元素数旁或“气”字头的是非金属元素。【提示】由原子构成的物质，其相同。3.元素的化学性质与其原子的元素符号还表示一种(2)同一周期元素从左到右原子最外层电子数从递增中元素的种类有关。化学变化7元素符号前面的数字表示或“改变”)(填“不变个数，元素符号右下角的数字表(3)同一周期元素从元示一个分子中含有该原子的素开始，过渡到元素，最后4.物质都是由到如氧气是由组成的二、元素周期表元素结束。元素组成的，二氧化1.元素周期表中，共有(参考答案见本期第4版)中学生堂报【易错辨析】3.在地壳或生物体内含量多的系。所以，同种元素可以是原子，也1.元素是宏观概念，只讲种类，元素不一定作用就大，含量少的元素可以是离子，如Na和Na都属于钠不讲个数。不一定作用就小。有的元素虽然在地元素。2.质子数相同的微粒不一定是壳中或生物体中的含量少，但作用非同种元素，如虽然1个水分子和1个常重要。5.食品标签中标有X(元素符氖原子的质子数都是10，但它们不4.核内质子数相同的一类原子号)的含量，这个X指的是元素而是同种元素。属于同种元素，与是否带电没有关不是原子，更不是单质。案例分析的说法正确的是化学【元素及元素符号】A.元素符号为uU01180uo1.我们在商场常看到印有“补锌”“补铁”等字样的食B.原子序数为118周刊品包装，其中“锌”“铁”是指(C.质子数为176294A.元素B.原子C.分子D.单质D.相对原子质量为294g图2中考（上）品新材料2.人体中各元素的含量如图1所示，个体会4.核电荷数为1~18的元素的原子结构示意图等信息人教课标存在微小差异。请回答相关问题。如图3所示，请回答下列问题。安徽专版质量分数/%第一1 H2 He65微量元素：周期⊙am。等第二3Li4Be5B6C7N8 O9 F 10 Ne周期⊙⊙⑤2©⊙国⊙四产第7期2011 Na12 Mg 13 Al 14 Si 15 P16 S17 Cl 18 Ar总第1983期1.00350250.150.150.050.05第周期@洲@@洲四洲四洪洲四游⊙游2023年8月11日Ca P K S Na CI Mg其他元素图3图1(1)图1中甲含量最高，其元素符号为;含量超(1)2017年5月9日，中国科学院等单位联合发布了过0.01%的元素称为常量元素，11种常量元素中非金属元115号元素的中文名为“镆”。此元素原子的核电荷数为社长，总编辑：李开据本报生编：杜红胃种；人体中含量最多的金属元素是(填核外电子数为素共有(2)在第三周期中，随着原子序数的递增，元素原子核责任编辑：正装电话：(0371)87071615名称)。(2)下列有关化学元素与人体健康的说法正确的是外电子排布的变化规律是国内统一连续出版物号分析与解答CN41-0702/(F)(填序号)。A.微量元素是因为对健康的作用微小而命名的1.A印有“补锌”“补铁”等字样的食品包装，其中中学生学报壮同出B.人体中常量元素的总质量约占人体总质量“锌”“铁”是指元素，通常用元素及其质量或质量分数来描述。遇的99.95%C铜元素为重金属元素，对人体健康毫无2.(1)07钙(2)B见3.B书写元素符号时第一个字母大写；元素的原子益处D.镁元素在人体中含量很少，其作用不大序数等于原子核内的质子数；相对原子质量为一个比值化其单位为“1"而非“g”。扫一扫精彩对呈现学【元素周期表】3.氮元素的相关信息如图2所示。下列有关氮4.(1)115115(2)最外层电子数依次递增0邮编：450000●投稿网址：htpg,zgxSxx.c0m●法律丽问：河南仟问律师事务所●质检邮箱：2S0bz9163,00m●主管：中原出版传媒集团●主办：中学生学报社●社址：郑州市祥盛街27号

"The moves were captured underwater at 4.5 meters from the ground.The team spenta total of 26 hours underwater 65 (complete)the shooting().The film team had tosoak()themselves in the water in each shooting session,"Chen Jia,director of theHNTV gala,said to local media.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）】第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你在国内买不到名为English Cullure的教材。请给你的英国朋友Eric写一封邮件，请他帮忙购买，内容包括：1.简述情况；2.请求帮助。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位登作答。Dear Eric,How are you doing?Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分》阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Superman Learns How to RideIt was the summer of 1967,and the moment was nearing when I would cast off()my training wheels and learn to ride a bike.As an adventurous little boy,I sure put my overactive imagination to good use.Iwould pretend to be the bookish reporter,Clark Kent.Then,at the first sign of somethingwrong,I disappeared and emerged moments later with a red towel hanging from the collarof my dirty blue T-shirt and an ironed-on letter "S"on my chest."This is a job for Superman!"I would cry out as I flew to meet imaginary dangers thatthreatened the world."Hey,Superman,when are you going to learn to ride a bike?"the neighborhood kids英语试题第11页共12页

高三化学考试考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共100分。考试时间90分钟。2.请将各题答填写在答题卡上。3.本试卷主要考试内容：人牧版必修1，必修2。4.可能用到的相对原子质量：H1C12N14O16Na23S32的一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.文物凝结了人类智慧的结晶，也是历史进步的标志。下列文物的材质为合金的是®地k如长A清光绪千金猴王现B西周兽面纹青铜蚕C.木雕罗汉坐像D.雪梅双鹤图2.下列化学用语表述正确的是KA.聚丙烯酸乙酯的结构简式：CH2一CHCOOC2H;B.中子数为8的碳原子：C数C羟基的电子式：O:H杯D.熔融状态下NaHSO,的电离方程式：NaHSO,一Na++HSO,黨3.化学是人类利用自然资源和应对环境问题的重要科学依据。下列说法正确的是相A.煤的干馏过程中主要发生化学变化B.长期使用DDT不会导致残留污染C.工业冶炼Ag常用电解法D.石油裂化和裂解的目的都是生产汽油4.下列有关物质的性质与用途不具有对应关系的是选项物质性质用途ASiC硬度大可制作砂轮磨料BNaz SO为具有还原性可用于水处理中脱氯CNH HCO受热易分解可用作氮肥DBaSO不溶于水和酸，不易被X射线透过可用作钡餐造影剂5,化学上，将质量数相同、质子数不同的核素称为同量素。某核聚变方程为4X+He→Y十40n。下列说法错误的是【高三化学第1页（共6页）】·24-60C·