足，受沿岸寒流降温的影响，水汽凝结成雾，且夏季白天陆地升温快，气压低，海洋升温慢，气压高，因此近地面风由海洋吹向陆地，促使雾气从海洋吹向内陆。11.C材料没有提到硬质岩型锂矿的分布情况；储量大并不是盐湖型锂受青睐的主要原因；结合材料可知，与硬质岩型锂相比，盐湖型锂生产工艺相对简单，能耗低，生产成本低；生产过程需要耗能。12.A结合材料可知，“锂三角”地区盐湖分布在南回归线附近的安第斯山区，气候干旱；蒸发量大，降水量少，人口稀少，地表水贫乏；镁锂比低，含杂质少，资源品质好。13.(1)日本为岛国，国土面积狭窄；人多地少，资源贫乏；地震、海啸等自然灾害频繁。(6分)(2)小型轻型车操控性好，节省空间，方便停靠；人多地少，道路狭窄；能源缺乏，小型车耗能少；相对大型车，该种车型价格相对较低。(8分)(3)日本经济发达，汽车市场相对饱和，国内汽车企业竞争激烈，在海外建厂有利于开拓国际市场；日本劳动力成本高，将附加值较低的汽车组装厂建在海外，有利于企业降低生产成本；核心零部件及研发中心处于产品价值链的中高端，留在国内既便于利用先进的研发技术，又利于提高企业创新能力。(12分)14.(1)受来自大西洋的西风影响，降水量自西向东减少，由①至④碳酸盐的淋溶作用逐渐减弱；受纬度因素影响，由①至④总体上气温渐增，土壤中有机质的分解量渐增，表层腐殖质含量逐渐减少。(8分》(2)冻融作用增加了冻结土壤的含水量；(3分)冻融作用使土壤孔隙度增大，黏聚力降低（或结构松散)，导致土壤抗冲蚀性能降低；(3分)冻融作用使土体膨胀变形，出现断裂，加剧了侵蚀沟的发育。(4分)(3)钙积层结构紧密，过浅会阻拦根系向下发育，影响作物根系的生长；钙积层通透性差，会影响排水，如遇大雨，会导致渍涝现象，使作物出现烂根现象。(8分)·55【23·G3AB·地理·参考答案一R一必考一QG】
/化学(1-7)答案)
②若使用催化剂，反应的活化能降低，则示意图为a衡常数：K,=I20kPa+xkPa3.2,9.2)50 kPax2X50kPa,解得x=5,即衡时Z(g)的分压为5kPa,B正确；若原容器中残留有空气，如果衡时体系的总压(3.4,3.0)仍为50kPa,则Y、Z的衡分压小于25kPa,根据温度不变是衡常数不变可知，此时Y、Z的衡分压的乘积小于K。,衡正向移动，体系压强增大，即衡时体系的压强大于50kPa,C错テ/103K-)误；增大X($)的表面积，正反应速率增大，根据温度不变衡常课时练22数不变，说明衡体系中压强不变，即衡不移动，D错误。化学衡7.A由表中数据可知升高温度，NO2物质的量分数增大，N2O,基础巩固练磷物质的量分数减小，则衡逆向移动，正反应为放热反应。由2NO2(g)一NO,(g)可知，速率比等于方程式的计量数之比，1.D由化学方程式可得氯气与水反应的离子方程式为Cl2十衡时，v(NO2消耗)=2u(N2O,消耗)，A正确；27℃时，该H2O一H+十C1十HCIO。氢氧化钠溶液与氣水中的氯化衡体系中NO2的物质的量分数为20%，N2O,的物质的量分数氢和次氯酸反应，生成物的浓度减小，衡向正反应方向移动，为80%，设物质的量分别为0.2mol、0.8mol,由方程式可知，则用氢氧化钠溶液吸收氯气尾气能用衡移动加以解释，A不转化NO2的物质的量为1.6mol,则该衡体系中NO2的转符合题意；饱和食盐水能增大氯水中的氯离子浓度，生成物的1.6浓度增大，衡向逆反应方向移动，有利于氯气逸出，则用饱和化率为1.6十0.2X100%≈88.89%，B错误：升高温度，N02物食盐水除去氯气中的氯化氢杂质能用衡移动加以解释，B不质的量分数增大，N2O4物质的量分数减小，则衡逆向移动，符合题意；次氯酸钠与浓盐酸反应生成次氯酸，生成物次氯酸该反应的化学衡常数减小，C错误；温度不变，缩小容器体的浓度增大，衡向逆反应方向移动，有利于氯气的生成，则次积，浓度因体积缩小而增大，气体颜色加深，衡正向移动，又氯酸钠与浓盐酸混合产生氯气能用衡移动加以解释，C不符使气体颜色在此基础上变浅，但达衡时气体颜色比原来的要合题意；漂白粉中的次氯酸钙与加入的适量醋酸反应生成次氯深，D错误。酸，次氯酸的浓度增大，漂白性增强，则漂白粉中加入适量酷酸：8.C初始二氧化碳的物质的量为1mol,依据碳原子守恒，衡可增强漂白性不能用衡移动加以解释，D符合题意。混合气体中C原子的物质的量是1mol,A正确；该反应焓变小2.B正反应为放热反应，升高温度，衡逆向移动，H2衡转化于0，为放热反应，则反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量，B率减小，A项错误；增大压强，衡向总体积减小的方向移动，正确；衡混合气体中CHOH的物质的量分数为25%，设衡正向移动，H2衡转化率增大，B项正确；催化剂可改变衡时消耗二氧化碳xmol·L1,则衡时二氧化碳的物质的反应速率，衡不移动，H2衡转化率不变，C项错误；增大反量浓度为(1-x)mol·L1,氢气的物质的量浓度为(3-3x)应物的浓度衡正向移动，由于增加的氢气大于衡移动消耗mol·L,CH3OH的物质的量浓度为xmol·L1,水蒸气的的氢气，H2的转化率减小，D项错误。物质的量浓度为xmol·L1,3.A没有说明反应速率的正、逆方向，故不能说明反应已达衡xmol·L-1X1L状态，①错误；体系的压强不再改变，说明正逆反应速率相等1-x+3-3x+x+x)m0l·LX1L=256,解得x=号2反应已达衡状态，②正确；气体的总质量和总体积始终不变体系的密度始终不变化，密度不变不能说明反应已达衡状则衡时c(C02)=3mol·L',c(H,)=1mol·L',态，③错误；气体的总质量始终不变，总物质的量为变量，均c(CHa OH)=c(H,O)=摩尔质量不再发生变化说明正逆反应速率相等，反应已达衡3mol·L,化学衡常数K=状态，④正确；单位时间内生成5molO2,同时断裂12molO一H22键，均描述逆反应速率，不能说明反应已达衡状态，⑤错误：c(CH3OH)·c(H2O)4NO的浓度不变说明反应达到了衡状态，⑥正确。c(CO2)·c3(H2)13,C错误；其他条件相同3-×14.D△H=反应物的总键能一生成物的总键能，则反应H2(g)+I2(g)=2HI(g)的△H,=E(H-H)+E(I-I)-时，若起始充入2 mol CO2和6molH2,与原来相比，开始反应物浓度是原来的2倍，则压强是原来的2倍，增大压强衡正2E(H一I)<0,A错误；起始反应物的量未知，则c(H2):c(L2):向移动，导致二氧化碳和氢气的转化率增大，则衡时CHOHc(HI)=1:1:2不能说明该反应达到衡状态，B错误；增大,1的物质的量分数大于25%，D正确。压强，正、逆反应速率均增大，由于反应前后气体分子数相等，:9.A150℃时，H2S的衡转化率为40%，根据三段式分析则化学衡不移动，C错误；物质从固态转为气态吸收热量，可知：由反应H2(g)十I2(s)—2HI(g)减反应H2(g)十I2(g)CO(g)+H2 S(g)=COS(g)+H2 (g)2HI(g)可得，I(s)—=I2(g)△H=△H2-△H1>0,则起始量(mol)ab00△H2>△H,,D正确。转化量(mol)0.4b0.4b0.4b0.4b5.D恒温恒压，通入惰性气体，相当于稀释了反应物的浓度，反衡量(mol)a-0.4b0.6b0.4b0.4b应向气体体积增大的一方进行，但是反应物浓度下降，分子间0.4b×0.4b1碰撞概率降低，反应速率减慢，A错误；反应体系中固体视为浓苦该反应的衢常数K=即。-0，b)·06,解孕度不变，加入后对速率和衡均无影响，B错误；无论反应是否a:b=6:5,A正确；随着温度的升高，H2S的衡转化率减衡，氢气的生成速率始终是甲烷消耗速率的2倍，C错误；反小，即升高温度衡逆向移动，则该反应为放热反应，B错误：应焓变大于零，说明生成物能量大于反应物能量，反应过程中最高能量和生成物能量差距更小，正反应活化能大于逆反应活反应从开始到达到衡的过程中，(COSc(H2)始终为1，则若一段化能，D正确。6.BX为固体，过量时反应物浓度不变，正、逆反应速率不变，故间后，0保持不变，不能说明该反应达到衡状不影响衡，但如果加入的X固体不足，使得最终反应体系的C错误；衡后，向容器中再通入a mol CO,反应物浓度突然增压强小于50kPa的话，则与原衡的状态不一样，即X的量对,1大，故v正突然增大，v￥逐渐增大，D错误。衡有影响，A错误；若先通入Y(g)使初始压强为120kPa,再10.(1)-634.3kJ·mol-1加入足量X(s),设X分解使Y的压强增大了x,则Z的衡分：(2)该温度下有较高的化学反应速率和催化剂活性红对勾·高考一轮复金卷化学（单选版）144
20222128高分说答案解析一、语音与语法第一节语音1.CC项划线部分的音标是/，其他项的是/。2.DD项划线部分的音标是g/,其他项的是/d3。3.BB项划线部分的音标是，其他项的是W。4.AA项划线部分的音标是/，其他项的是/e/。5.BB项划线部分的音标是/dz/,其他项的是s/。七年级第35期第2-4版高分说第二节单项选择6.C本题考查冠词。本句中“with silver hair'”修饰“old man”,特指那位银发老人，定冠词the表示特指，故选C。7.D本题考查冠词。在动词play构成的短语中，在表示球类的名词之前不能使用定冠词the,但在表示乐器的名词之前一般使用定冠词the,故选D。七年级第35期第24版4
:绝密★启用前江苏省2022~2023学年度高一下学期期末迎考试卷化学注意事项：1.本试卷共100分，考试用时75分钟。2。答题前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名写在密封线内。密可能用到的相对原子质量：H一1C一12N一140-16Na一23S32C一35.5一、单项选择题：本题包括13小题，每小题3分，共计39分。每小题只有一个选项符合题意。1.硫和氨及其化合物对人类生存和社会发展意义重大，但硫氧化物和氨氧化物造成的环境问题也日益受到关注，下列说法正确的是A.NO2和SO2均为红棕色且有刺激性气味的气体，是酸雨的主要成因B.汽车尾气中的主要大气污染物为NO、S边和PM2.封C.植物直接吸收利用空气中的NO和NO2作为肥料，实现氨的固定D.工业废气中的SO2可采用石灰法进行脱除2.青铜剑表面的蓝色薄锈主要成分为碱式碳酸铜，其生成反应为2Cu十CO2十H2O+O2一Cu2(OH)zCO3。下列有关说法正确的是A.CO2是还原剂B.Cu2(OH)2CO3既是氧化产物又是还原产物线C.H2O的电子式：Ht[:O:H]D.该反应的生成物属于碱3.乙烯可用于脱除烟气中S0,并回收单质硫，发生的反应为CH,-CH十3S0,Fe0,C03S+2C02+2H2O。下列有关该反应的说法正确的是A二氧化碳的电子式：O:C:可B.乙烯的球棍模型：8C.硫原子的结构示意图：西D水的结构式：H2O化学第1页（共8页）
(新教材)高三大一轮总复多维特训卷化学为3d4s2;②烯丙醇分子中有双键碳和饱和碳，碳原子采取sp2、sp3杂化；③单键为o键，双键为1个σ键、1个π键，则个晶跑独有，故晶胞中镁原子个数为12×日+2×号=3，B烯丙醇分子中含9个。键、1个π键，。键和π键的个数比为原子个数为6，则该化合物的化学式可表示为MgB2;相邻B9:1。(2)[Cu(NH),]+中铜离子为中心离子，氨气为配原子与Mg原子间的最短距离为B离上下面中的镁原子的距体，配位数为4，[Cu(NH3),]+具有对称的空间构型，若其离，B原子在下面三角形中心的正上方，故相邻镁原子和硼原中两个NH,被两个C1取代，能得到两种不同结构的产物x2,y2类比二氯甲烷，若配离子的空间构型为正四面体，则其中两子间的最短距离为3十4nm。个NH被两个C1取代，只能得到1种产物，因此配离子空答案：(1)M哑铃型（纺锤）B间构型为面正方形。(3)①由其结构可知，配离子内含有(2)Si原子半径大，原子之间形成的。键键长较长，p一p轨配位键、N一H极性键、C一C非极性键，不含离子键，答案选道肩并肩重叠程度小或几乎不重叠，难以形成π键C;②氮的电负性强，乙二胺分子间可形成氢键，三甲胺分子(3)正四面体形sp2杂化和sp3杂化间不能形成氢键，因此乙二胺比三甲胺的沸点高很多，(4)GaCl3为分子晶体，熔化时破坏分子间作用力，GaF答案：(1)①3d4s2②sp3、sp2③9：1为离子晶体，熔化时破坏离子键，离子键强于分子间作用(2)4面正方形力，所以GaCl的熔点低于GaF(3)①c②乙二胺分子间可形成氢键，三甲胺分子间不能形CCl.CI成氢键Ga或17.解析：(1)Br是35号元素，基态Br原子的电子排布式为[Ar]3d°4s24p。(2)F原子的电负性大于Cl,故HF分子的C)极性大于HCl1;HF能与H2O形成分子间氢键，故HF在水CICl中的溶解度大于HC;HF分子间能形成氢键，则HF的沸点大于HC1;s0C,中心S原子的价电子对数为6+】x2C24,VSEPR模型为正四面体；1个氟硼酸铵(NH,BF4)分子中(5)MgB2铵根离子中有1个配位键、BF:中有1个配位键，1个氟硼4酸铵分子中有2个配位键，即1mol氟硼酸铵(NH,BF4)含专题八化学反应与热能有2m01配位键。(3)根据n的原子分数坐标为（年，，/111.(1)×(2)×(3)/(4)/(5)/合），则m原子在x轴的坐标为子)轴坐标为2.●4,2轴坐:3.D反应热与反应条件无关，与反应物和生成物的状态有关，标为，所以m原子的分数坐标为(，三，点)同温同压下，两条件中反应物与生成物状态对应相同，△H相54’48:A原子在同，A错误；2molH+和2 mol OH反应生成水时放出的热晶胞内，1个晶胞中含有A原子8个，B原子在顶点和晶胞量为114.6kJ,但Ba2+与SO-反应生成BaS0,的过程也会放出热量，所以最后放出的热量大于114.6kJ,B错误；题述中心，B原子数为8×8十1=2，C原子在棱上，面上，C原子反应为放热反应，△H<0,正确的热化学方程式为SO2(g)十2C0(g)-2C02(g)+S(s)△H=-272kJ·mol-1,C错数为4X号+6×子-=4，放A是1，B是Hg,C是Ag,距离误；△H=反应物的总键能一生成物的总键能，该反应△H为正值，所以2 mol CO2(g)和4molH2O(1)中化学键的总键能Hg最近的Ag有8个；晶胞体积为2a3×10-30cm3,该晶体大于2 mol CH,OH(I)和3molO2(g)中化学键的总键能，DM的密度为NAa×10°g·cm。正确。4.(1)C(s)+H2O(g)-C0(g)+H2(g)）答案：(1)3d4s24p△H=+131.28kJ·mol-1(2)大于大于大于正四面体2(2)N2H.(g)+O2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g)(）8MNaqX109△H=-534.4kJ·mol-1(3)4CuCl(s)+O2(g)=2CuCl2 (s)+2CuO(s)18.解析：(1)基态Si原子中，核外电子占据三层，其中最高能△H=-177.6kJ·mol-层的符号为M,占据最高能级为p能级，电子的电子云轮廓5.B天然气、煤、石油都是化石能源，不可再生，因此不属于未图形状为哑铃型（纺锤）；基态G原子的核外电子排布为来新能源，①②④不符合题意；核能使用不当的话对环境有污[Ar]3d°4s2p,其转化为下列激发态时，吸收能量最少，则染，且不可再生，故核能不属于未来新能源，③不符合题意。基态原子砷的电子进入高能级的电子最少，选项中进入高能6.c由C,H.(g)和C2HOH(1)的燃烧热△H分别为一1411.0级电子最少的是A和B,其中B满足洪特规则，能量更低。k·mol1和-1366.8kJ·mol1,可得①C2H4(g)+302(g)(2)Si原子半径大，原子之间形成的。键键长较长，p一p轨-2C02(g)+2H20(1)△H=-1411.0 kJ mol-1,②道肩并肩重叠程度小或几乎不重叠，难以形成π键。C2H5OH(1)+3O2(g)=2CO2(g)+3H2O(1)△H=(3)阴离子BH:的B原子价层电子对数=4十3+1一4X]一1366.8kJ·mol-1,由盖斯定律可知反应①-②得C2H4(g)2+H2O(1)=C2H0H(1)△H=(-1411.0kJ·mol-1)=4,且不含孤电子对，则该离子为正四面体结构，另一种含(-1366.8kJ·mol1)=-44.2kJ·mol-1,答案选C硼的阴离子[BO(OH)4]2-中，有的硼原子价层电子对数7.C白磷转化为红磷的反应为放热反应，故红磷的能量更低是3，有的硼原子价层电子对数是4，所以硼原子的杂化方式即红磷更稳定，A项正确；根据燃烧热的概念和甲烷燃烧热的为sp2杂化和sp3杂化。(4)GaCl的熔点为77.9℃，GaCl数据可写出甲烷燃烧的热化学方程式为CH,(g)十2O2(g)为分子晶体，熔化时破坏分子间作用力，GF3的熔点为CO2(g)+2H2O(1)△H=-890.3kJ·mol-1,B项正1000℃，为离子晶体，熔化时破坏离子键，离子键强于分子确；由于N2(g)和H2(g)的反应为可逆反应，因此不能算出间作用力，所以GaCl,的熔点低于GaF:;气态GaCl常以1molN2完全反应放出的热量，故该热化学方程式中△H≠聚体形式存在，二聚体中各原子均满足8e结构，说明Ga形一38.6kJ·mol,C项错误；醋酸为弱酸，电离时吸热，则用成个配位键，二聚体的结构式为CH,COOH溶液和NaOH溶液反应来测定中和反应的反应a热时，该热化学方程式中的△H>一57.3kJ·mol-1,D项正确。ya、Ga或Ga(5)镁原子8.D测定中和热时，为了使盐酸完全反应，需要让NaOH稍过Cl CICI量，A项正确：仪器A是环形玻璃搅拌器，B项正确；温度计处于晶胞顶点和面心上，顶点上镁原子为6个晶胞共用，面上残留的酸溶液需要用水冲洗干净，否则会和NaOH溶液反心上的镁原子为2个晶胞共用，B原子处于晶胞内部，为一应，使测得的NaOH溶液的温度偏高，C项正确；用硫酸和196
太阳能H,O(FeO(FeOH过程I：2Fe,O(s)=6FeO(s)+O(g)△H=+313.2kJ·mol过程Ⅱ：…下列说法不正确的是()A.该过程能量转化形式是太阳能→化学能B.过程Ⅱ的热化学方程式为3FeO(s)+HO)一H(g)+FeO(s)△H=+129.2kJ·mol-C.氢气的燃烧热△H=-285.8kJ·mo1D.过程I每转移2mol电子吸收313.2KJ热量23.NH可用于制造铵态氮肥和硝态氮肥。20世纪初，德国化学家哈伯首次用饿作催化剂在1.75×107Pa、550℃的条件下以N2和H2为原料合成了NH:N2(g)3H(g)≥2NH(g)△H=92.4kJ·mol。我国最新报道的氨催化合成反应的机理如图所示(*代表微粒吸附在催化剂表面)下列有关说法正确的是()T21LN.(g50H(g)NH,(g)3H反应历程A.使用催化剂提高了反应的活化能B.合成氨的总反应速率由反应1/2N2*+3/2H*===N*+3H*的速率决定C.反应过程中有非极性键的断裂和形成D.NH从催化剂表面脱离时有热量放出第丨I部分非选择题（49分)陕西师大附中2022一2023学年第二学期高一年级期终考试化学试题第7页共11
B层(2☐c0+☐Fe,0,商强□Fe+□c0,7.(2022·云南)人工光合固碳装置通过电化学(3)☐NO2+☐H,O-☐HNO+☐NO手段将二氧化碳还原为甲酸(HCOOH)。该(4☐FeS+☐0，高温☐Fe,0+☐s0,反应的微观示意图如下，有关该反应的说法不10.根据信息写出下列反应的化学方程式。正确的是)(1)碱式碳酸铜[Cu2(OH)2CO3]受热分解生O氢原子通电8o8○氧原子成氧化铜、水和二氧化碳。●碳原子反应前反应后A.从反应价值看：可减少CO2的排放(2)电解氯化钠溶液可得到氢氧化钠、氯气B.从守恒关系看：反应前后原子的种类、数目(C12)和一种可燃性气体。不变C.从价态变化看：反应前后各元素的化合价不变D.从表示方法看：反应的化学方程式为(3)火箭推进器中盛有强还原剂液态肼2C0,+2H,0道电2HC00H+0,(N2H4)和强氧化剂液态过氧化氢8.按要求写出下列反应的化学方程式：(H2O2),当它们混合时，产生大量的水蒸(1)有黑色固体生成的化合反应。气和空气中含量最多的气体，并放出大量的热。(2)有刺激性气味气体生成的化合反应。(3)有水生成的化合反应。(4)发出耀眼白光，生成白色固体的反应。11.新课标【跨学科实践】内燃机的一个工作循环分为四个冲程。分别是吸气冲程、压缩(5)硫酸铜溶液和氢氧化钠溶液反应生成氢氧冲程、做功冲程和排气冲程，燃料为汽油、柴化铜沉淀和硫酸钠溶液。油、天然气等。某内燃机吸气冲程和做功冲程汽缸中微观粒子变化示意图如下：(6)写出一个用如图装置制取氧气的化学方进气门厂排气门程式。●碳原子。氧原子。氢原子吸气冲程做功冲程回答下列问题：9.配下列化学方程式。（化学计量数为1也要(1)写出图中一种化合物的名称：填入内)(2)该变化中的最小粒子是(1)☐A1(OH)3+H2 SO,(3)做功冲程发生反应的化学方程式为☐Al2(S04)3+H2062化学九年级上·RJ·河南
卷行天下·英语参苦答案月考卷一试题答案听力1~5 BACBB 6~10 ACCBC 11~15 ABABC 16~20 CBACC阅读理解A本文介绍了Science in the City即将举办的几个活动。2l.A根据Members Meet And Greet Ticket::Pet College 101部分可知，该活动的主题与宠物有关.22.C根据Science And A Movie:Honey I Shrunk the Kids部分可知答案。23.C根据每个活动的时间可知，这四个活动都在晚上举办。乃本文通过讲述作者发明无尘袋吸尘器的经历，告诉读者“失败乃成功之母”的道理。24.D根据第1段最后一句可知，由于作者对当时吸尘器的工作方式很反感，于是他决定做一台无尘袋的真空吸尘器。25.D通读第2段可知，本段主要讲述作者发明无尘袋吸尘器的艰难历程。26.A根据第3段第4句可知，没有人会给作者的想法申请专利，不是因为它不好，而是因为它不利于生意，因此商家担心其不能带来利润反而可能会带来损失。27.B本文通过讲述作者发明无尘袋吸尘器的经历，告诉读者“失败乃成功之母”的道理。肝癌是世界上最普遍的癌症之一。研究人员正在研究一种新的治疗方法，这种方法被称为“绿色”抗癌法，它不会给病人带来伤害。28.B根据文章第2段“This treatment involves the use of natural,non-poisonous chemicals from plants...”可知，这种治疗方法之所以被称为“绿色”抗癌法，是因为治疗过程中使用的药物都来自植物，是天然无害的。29.D根据倒数第2段中的“Within a couple of..go home.”可知，Katti认为纳米颗粒能更有效地杀死癌细胞。30.C根据倒数第2段中Katti说的话可知，他认为这种抗癌方法没有辐射且不产生毒素，不会给病人带来伤害。故可推知，他对这种新的治疗方法持积极的态度。31.A本文主要介绍研究人员正在研究一种新的治疗癌症的方法，这种方法被称为“绿色”抗癌法。因此使用“绿色”一词既能引出本文的中心话题，同时又激发了读者的兴趣。D本文主要介绍了博弈论如何让人类和机器人走得更近。32.C根据第2段可知，研究人员利用自适应控制和纳什均衡论对机器人进行编程，使其能够理解人类用户的行为，以便更好地预测他们的动作并做出反应。研究人员相信，这一突破可以使机器人在许多领域帮助人类做得更好，如运动训练、身体恢复或共享驾驶。由此可知，被编程的机器人可以在很多方面帮助人类。33.A根据第4段第1句可知，为了成功地将博弈论应用到机器人与人类用户的互动中，研究人员必须克服机器人无法知道人类意图的这个问题。34.D根据第5段第1句可知，反应机器人编程系统使机器人识别人类用户的行为成为可能。35.C通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了博弈论如何让人类和机器人走得更近。·1·【22·zcYK·英语·参考答案一WYB一英语4一QG】
余气体具有的性质是7.(2022一2023·毕节期中)我国天宫空间站内(4)小明同学认为可用蜡烛代替红磷测定空气的氧气主要是通过电解水方式获得，然后将氧中氧气的含量，小丽同学认为不可以，其原气与储备的氮气以一定体积比混合成“人造空因是气”(21%的氧气、78%的氮气，控制二氧化碳的含量低于0.7%)，下列说法正确的是((5)小芳同学用镁条（已知镁条既可以与氧气反A.21%和78%是按质量计算的含量应也可以与氮气反应)代替红磷来测定空气B燃着的木条放入“人造空气”中立即熄灭中氧气的含量，其他操作均正确，预计最终C.“人造空气”与空气成分完全相同倒吸入的水的体积(选填“大于”D.可以通过化学反应控制二氧化碳的含量“等于”或“小于”)集气瓶容积的58.利用如图装置验证空气中氧气的含量。下列(6)小组同学反思，若用其他物质代替红磷进叙述不正确的是行上述目的的实验，选择物质的依据是A.实验前需检查装置130mLmL空气起始(填序号)。气密性504液面30A.只与空气中的氧气反应B.白磷的作用是消耗20白磷10连B.与氧气反应后，不生成气体试管中的氧气C.在空气中能被点燃C.白磷熄灭、试管冷却后再打开止水夹D.最终量筒中液面约降至40mL刻度线处9.某兴趣小组利用如图装置开展“测定空气中氧10.【核心素养·科学思维】图1所示装置可用于气的体积分数”的探究实验。请回答问题：测定空气中氧气的含量，图2是用该装置测(1)实验前需要在集气瓶内放伞弹簧夹得实验过程中集气瓶内气压与时间的关系图入少量水，其目的是空气(该装置气密性良好，p。是集气瓶内初始气红磷水压)。下列说法正确的是((2)实验测得空气中氧气含量远高于五分之↑气压/Pa一，可能的原因是(填序号)。压强数据传感器传感器dA.红磷量不足红磷空气水B.装置漏气时间/s图1图2C.未等装置冷却就打开弹簧夹A.c点时反应刚好停止D.点燃红磷后燃烧匙伸入集气瓶过慢B红磷的多少对实验结果无影响(3)实验结束后集气瓶中剩余的气体是C.b、c、d点时集气瓶中所含物质相同(选填“纯净物”和“混合物”)，主要成分是D,集气瓶中气压瞬间变大是氧气迅速消耗造,根据实验现象和结果可推测剩成的第二单元我们周围的空气13
季生用人书名师导学·选择性考试第一轮总复·化学[素养点拨]能从原子、分子水分析化应用提升学变化的内因和变化的本质，能理解化学反应1.完成下列教材中重要氧化还原反应的离子中的守恒关系。方程式，注意单质、氧化物、浓“盐酸、硝酸、【考向五】是否符合客观事实—变化硫酸”的书写形式。观念与衡思想素养水2要求。(1)用MnO2与浓盐酸共热制C2:例5)（教材改编）下列反应对应离子方程(2)FeCl3腐蚀铜箔：式正确的是AFe和稀盐酸反应：2Fe十6H+(3)Na2O2溶于水：2Fe3++3H2个B.将Na投人CuSO4溶液中：2Na+2H2O(4)用NaOH溶液吸收Cl2:+Cu2+=2Na++Cu(OH)2￥+H2↑C.Zn和浓硫酸反应：Zn+2H+(5)Cu分别溶于浓、稀硝酸反应：H2个+Zn2+D.向NaClO溶液中通入少量SO2:2CO+SO+HO-2HCIO+SO2.(教材原题)向一定体积的Ba(OH)2溶液中逐滴加入稀硫酸，并测得混合溶液的导电能[素养点拨]能从原子、分子水分析化力随时间变化的曲线如图所示：学变化的内因和变化的本质，能理解化学反应中量变和质变的关系。【考向六】是否符合配比关系—宏观A辨识与微观探析素养水3、4要求。例6（教材改编）下列反应对应离子方程01式正确的是()时间A.少量SO2和NaOH溶液反应：SO2+(1)写出Ba(OH)2溶液与稀硫酸反应的离OH—HSO3子方程式：B.少量Ca(OH)2和NaHCO3溶液反应：(2)关于图的下列说法中，错误的是Ca2++OH-+HCO3 =CaCOs+H2O(填序号)C.向FeBr2溶液中通入等物质的量的①AB段溶液的导电能力不断减弱，说C2:2Fe2++4Br+3Cl2=2Fe3++明生成的BaSO4不是电解质2Br2+6Cl②B处溶液的导电能力为0，说明溶液D.向NaAlO2溶液中通人少量CO2:中几乎没有自由移动的离子2A1O2+CO2+3H2O—=2A1(OHD)3↓+CO号③BC段溶液的导电能力不断增大，主[素养点拨]能运用化学符号和定量计算要是过量的Ba(OH)2电离出的离子等手段说明物质的组成及其变化；能从宏观与导电微观结合的视角对物质及其变化进行分类和④a时刻Ba(OH)2溶液与稀硫酸恰好完全反应表征。16
英後闺教|八年级新课程(HNY)综合评估(2022-2023)第7期第7期(2022-2023)综合评估八年级新课程(HNY)|关语闺教3微堂“Age is just a number,.”Xu said.“T'1l learn more beautiful musicto fail.So,don't feel bad about yourself because of your failuresUnits3一5综合能力评估试题to bring happiness to more people.37 If so,you will get better and grow.根据材料内容洗择最佳答案Many famous people had failures before they became successfu频放序报()26.Why did Xu Baokun feel bored?Also,they aren't scared to share them with others.38 It is theA.Because she had no friends.ClassNameFull marks:120Your marksInternational Day for Failure.B.Because she lived far from her familyThe International Day for Failure is on October 13.It started asListening test part(共20分)c.Because she had some health problems墨an initiative (of some students in Finland.The students foundD.Because she worked in the fields all year roundthat Finland needed a lot of new jobs,but few people wanted to、听力理解(20小题，每小题1分，共20分()9.What is across from the restaurant?)27.Xu Baokun got interested in playing the drums第一节A.A parkB.A香give them a try.39 Then the students came up with the ideaC.A bank阅A.two vears agoB.because of a TV show听下面5段对话每段对话后有个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三听下面段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题C.after she saw a drum setD.after she watched her son playreating(创建)the Day for Failure.个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。()10.What does Julie play?()28.Which of the following is the best for“▲_”"？In 2010,a group of students in Finland celebrated (the first)1.How does the man plan to go to Shanghai?A.The guitar.B.The piano.C.The violin英润A.she was really luckyB.she became successfulDay for Failure.The next year,many famous people in Finland joinedA By trainB.By plane.C.By car)11.What is Julie like?C.she had to work very hard D.she showed great talent for itthe students and shared their failure stories.40 About 17 countries()2.What animals are thest popular in City Zoo?A.Serious.B.OutgoingC.Hard-working.()29.What does the underlined word "anxious"in Paragraph 5elebrated it.Now people around the world celebrate it every October.A.Elephants..Pandas.C.Tigers)12.What does Nick doafter diner?灵So,this October 13,join them and celebrate your failure with the()3.What did the woman do last weekend?A.He tidies his room.B.He does his homework.probably mean in Chinese?A,满意的B.感激的C.担忧的D.愤怒的world.A.She met friends.B.She went shoppingC.He plays cards.C.She did the cleaning听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题报阅)30.The writer wrote the passage to根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选()4.How much is Ken's bike?()13.Where is Bella from?A.tell the story of a cool grandma项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整A.$100.B.$150C.$170A.ChinaB.ThailancC.Canada.()5.Where are the speakers?)14.What do we know about Bobby?初B.ask us to learn to play the drumsA.What you should do is to learn from them.C.show a son's love for his motherB.In fact,there is now a special day for that.A.In a restaurant.B.In a clothes storeA.He is a dog.B.He is a smart boy.点D.describe a farmer's everyday lifeC.As a result,they are afraid to try new thingsC.In a supermarket.C.His birthday is coming.第二节亮C易读度★★☆)15.What does Zak think of Jeff s snake?D.The reason was that they were scared to fail.:下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所A.ScaryB.Lazy.C.CuteWe surveyed 300 young people on what they like doing atE.In the third year,the day became more popular.给的A、B、C选项中选出最佳答案每段对话或独白读两遍第三节读weekends.One hundred people are from the ages of 11-18,one37.38.39听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。下面篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。生hundred 19-26 and onehundred 27-35.The following chart shows三、完形填空(15小题，每小题1分，共15分)()6.What kind of film do the speakers plan to watch this Sunday?短文读两遍their answers.先通读短文，学握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可A.A comedy.B.A scary film.C.An action film.Things to do (by age)ages 11-1()7.What time do theant to meet?以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。ages 19-20A.3C.At4:00报纸特色易读度★★☆Number0s27.35听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。★提供所需阅读素材of peopleIt was twelve o'clock.The children of Class 5 were very 41 and)8.How much is a full meal?强学生hungry after their sports activities.After 42 their hands,they openedA.About 20 vuan.B.About 25 yuan.促进学生多元思组(their lunch boxes and started to eat their food.Maya,a kindC.About 30 yuan1719塑造学生灵好品格girl.43 Sameer not eating.She went to him and asked,"What 44发展学生语言技能●.Vritten test part(共100分)to you,Sameer?”★提升学生阅读素养Sameer answered,"I 45 to bring my lunchbox.Now I主要栏目同园流舞每爱分黄感46 to eat..”A.write an e-mailB.make a phone callIN FOCUS根据材科内容选择最佳答案。C.go to the Youth ParkMaya felt very sorry for poor Sameer.She 47 went to her直击热点启发思考A易读度★☆☆d.visit www doubleninth2022.con()31.How many people enjoy playing computer games in the 11-18friends and said,"Listen,friends.Sameer didn't bring his lunch boxCOLORFUL LIFE】)24.8-year-old Jane wants to join in the activities.How much wilgroup?Double Ninth Festival(重阳节)2022百味故事助力成长today.He is very 48.How can we help him?"Kate was the first oneA20B50C.60.Come and have fun with us!she pay for her ticket'HEMREADING]D.75to 49.She said,"Don't worry.Sameer can eat some of my food.'A.$0.B.$5C.$10.D.$12.衣托课标重现话题32.The people of 19-26 enjoymostTime:October4,1:00p.m.一8：00p.m.Soon Mohan 50 Kate.He said,"I will also share my food with)25.Where may you read the material?A.looking through WeChat momentsPlace:The Youth parkA.In a diaryB.On a menu.学大智慧B.watching TiktokSameer."Then Bob and Helen shouted together,"We will also shareThings for sale:Chongyang cakes,fruit and drinksC.Ina dictionaryD.In a newspaperour51 with Sameer.”C.playing computer games D.taking a walkClass:Free cake-making class [call Miss Miller at 4820 2217 to多彩青春健康成长book顶in)a place1B》易读度★★☆)主要栏目()33.According to the chart,which two activities do most peopleSoon all the children walked to Sameer 52 their lunch boxesThey shared their food with Sameer 53 Sameer had a lot of food toActivities:It's never too late to learn.66-year-old Xu Baokun is a goodenjoy doing?、八、九年级阅读版eat.What the children did touched Sameer's 54.He had tears1:00p.m.一4：00p.m.Mountain Climbingexample to show that.The grandma learned to play the drums and got四开四版，彩色印刷A.Watching Tiktok and taking a walk.popular onlinebecause of her drum playingB.Playing computer games and taking a walkin his eyes.He said,"I55 everyone had friends like you.Thank5:00p.m.一6：00p.m.Talk Show每学期20期，足价30元6:00 p.m.-7:00 p.m.Games between the young and oldXu comes from Guangxi.She is a farmer.When she was young温馨提示C.Playing computer games and looking through WeChatyou,my dear friends."7:00p.m.8:00p.m.Fire Dragon Danceshe worked in the fields (all year round.But,with age,she hadmoments.)41.A.scaredB.tiredC.boredD.surprised每期报纸配有教学PC.showingTicket prices:some health problems.That stopped her from going here and there.As和音频D.Looking through WeChat moments and watching Tiktok.)42.A.relaxing B.usingD.washingB told·S10 for adults(成年人)a result,she lived a boring life.订阅热线()34.From the chart,we can see the older people are,the less)43.A.keptC.mindedD.saw.Halfprice for children under 1Xu's son teaches others music in Guangdong Province.Last year)44.A.movedB.shoutedC.happenedD.pointedFree for people over 65he brought a drum set home for Xu to play.At first,Xu thought0351-7333565interested they are inA.WeChat momentsB.taking a walk)45.A.choseB.forgotC.expectedD.decidedFor more information,please visitplaying the drums was too noisy.But after watching her son play a fewC.Tiktok)46.A.everythingB.somethingD.computer gameswww.doubleninth2022.comtimes,she became interested in it and decided to learn to play.C.anythingD.nothing)35.Which of the following is TRUE according to the chart?根据材料内容选择最佳答案。Because Xu knew nothing about music,She spent lots ofA.Fewest people like taking a walk.)47.A.quicklyB.luckilyC.againD.almost()21.What can you buy in the Youth Park on October 4?time practicing playing the drums every day.Now she can play many)48.A.seriousB.The people of 11-18 like taking a walk mostB.hungryC.heavyD.common①fruit②books③drinks④cakessongs.What's more,she is healthier than before thanks to drumC.90 people like Tiktok in the 19-26 group.049.A.g0B.getC.answerD.playA.①②③B.②③④C.(1D24D.①③④playing.)50.A.calledB.visitedC.helpedD.joined()22.When is the game time?Xu's son put her videos (of drum playing online.To hisD.The people of 27-35 like playing computer games most)51.A.roomB.storyD.clothesA.From 1:00 p.m.to 4:00 p.m.B.From 5:00 p.m.to 6:00 p.m.surprise,Xu quickly got popular.Now Xu plays at some weddingsD》易读度★★★)52.A.toB.forC.atD.withC.From 6:00 p.m.to 7:00 p.m.D.From 7:00 p.m.to 8:00p.m)and the TV station.She is anxious before she plays in front ofIn many people's minds,it is bad to fail ()When they do.)53.A.butB.andC.ifD.because()23.Before Cindy goes to the cake-making class,she shouldothers,but when she sees the drum set,she knows she will do a goodthey become losers and others will look down on them.36)54.A.faceB.headC.noseD.heart可However,failures don't have to make us losers.It's common)55.A.hearB wishC tellD.dream
77.As an(agriculture)country,China has made amazing achievements in grain production.78.In order to build a(harmony)society,we must concentrate on solving various social problems.79.This special bone structure is_(benefit)to kangaroos'jumping ability.80.The_(energy )professor gave us a wonderful lecture.81.The(migrate)of sheep requires careful preparation and planning.82.He tried to change his destiny with(determine).83.We should try to find a(solve)to improving the learning atmosphere.84.I'm so(fortune)to be able to buy the rare goods.85.During a separate(observe),she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.86.Skateboarding doesn't need much(strong)but many skills.87(compare)with badminton,football needs more team spirit.88.Tom likes various dinosaurs while his sister hates them,because she is(frighten)of them.89.I enjoy this collection,(particular)the ancient sculpture.90.IfI(be)you,I would buy that flat now.第四节语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is a terrible time for the world's tigers.There91.(be)once a lot of these animals throughouteastern and southern Asia.92.,wild tigers now only live in small areas of India,China,easternRussia,and a few other countries.As people change forests into cities and farms,tigers have lost their living areas.Besides,illegal)hunting of wild animals is another major threat (to93.(they survival.People sometimeshunt 94.(endanger)animals,like the tiger,to illegally sell their body parts95.medicineand even food.Some people even pay high prices 96.(buy)tiger bones or other animal parts in theblack market.A lot of people think that tigers body parts can really be used to heal (people.For more than 3,000years,Chinese medicine has used those to treat 97.(sick).Followers of this type medicine believethat98.(eat)the animal's body parts will help people in treating diseases.It is believed99.a key to protecting the world's wild tigers is to put an end to the illegal hunting of them.Toachieve that,more police should 100.(train)to catch hunters.第五节作文（满分15分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友John发来邮件询问你校课后活动的开展情况，请你给他回复，内容包括：1.你校有哪些课外活动：2.你喜欢的活动；3.你的收获和感悟。注意：1.词数80左右：2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear John,
accomplishment was the invention of rubber.Evidences show that the Olmecs used rubber to makelate,so nballs for sports and shoes.ooking polThe Celticsth with aCeltic cre originated around 1,000 BCalong the upper Danube River in cenral Europe andspread across present-day Germany,France,northern Spain and British islands.With the introductiono5BCfkngkilthtrignedheMiddle Eastthe Celtics gained an edge inplays etrade and war before they were defeated by the Romans.the moThe Oceanianse tryingAd 50 BC,theeann groupthat inude Native Australianswere masering thet,andwaves of the Pacific Ocean and started siing from Southeast Asia to Australia,New Guinea andth a nnearby islands.BTTheyeversd metals o developed the bowndwyet their cuture was richinForD.Othe dramatic rock pintings found in the Kimberley regioftesAustralia are thoughtto be 4,000 years old.21.What were the Olmecs best-known for?MA.The processing of iron.B.Trading and warring arts.C.Jewelry-making skills.D.The invention of rubber.bom aid s8 a22.When was ironworking introduced to Europe?A.Around 750 BC.B.Around 1,000 BC.C.Around 1,200 BC.D.Around 5,000 BC.23.Who are the ancestors of the Native Australians?A.The Celtics.B.The Southeast Asians.C.The Olmecs.D.The Puebloan Indians.At 7:30,my Mongolian friend Keith called me and asked jokingly,"Do you want to come toNaadam?We're leaving right now."Of course,I will not miss it.So I flew out of bed,threw clotheson,and was on the bus within five minutes.Eriin Gurvan Naadam(Naadam for short)means "Three Manly Games".It is the most importantfestival in Mongolia.It consists of three sports:horseracing,wrestling,and archery.Although theyare considered"manly games",girls and women participate in all but the wrestling.The horse riding,which is a long-distance event,usually takes place on the grasslands while the wrestling and archeryhappen in the stadium in Ulaanbaatar.After the impressive opening ceremony,the wrestling begins.The wrestlers wear tightly-fittingpants and an open-fronted jacket.A story has it that after a woman (dressed as a man)won thewrestling competition,open-fronted jackets were designed for the wrestlers to keep the embarrassingthing from happening again.During the competition,Keith comes up to me and whispers in my ear,"That's the one I like."“Then I will get his picture for you,”Isay.baJust as I take the photo,the wrestler sticks his finger deeply into his nose.I hand my camera toKeith and tell her,"Igot a nice picture of your boyfriend."On seeing the picture,Keith falls off her chair,laughing.But she declares,"Idon't care.I stilllike him.”In Mongolia,the wrestlers are the national heroes,soa litte nosepicking would hardly be enoughto work against them in the eyes of their admirers.送遍说【2023届高考分段学情评估卷（五）·英语第3页（共8页）】新高考
21.B。理解具体信息。根据City Lights部分中的This bookstore publishes at least ten newbooks of poems every year和Tel:206-684-3000可知，该书店可以出版诗集，想要联系应拨打电话206-684-3000。22.B。理解具体信息。根据BookPeople部分中的Opening Hours::9:00-21:00可知，该书店的营业时长为12个小时，结合其他三家书店的营业时间(10：00-21：00、11:00-21:00、11:00-20:00)可知，BookPeople的营业时间是最长的。23.D。理解具体信息。根据The Last Bookstore部分中的In addition to its excellent selectionof new and used books可知，在该书店中，你不仅可以买到新书，还能买到二手书。【补充说明】draw:有吸引力的事物B篇主题语境：人与社会一一社会服务本文是新闻报道。Hubbard夫妇近两年来坚持每周两次给医护人员和警察送甜甜圈24.D。理解具体信息。根据第一段中的Every Tuesday and Friday,Chris and Barry Hubbardcollect the day's leftover doughnuts from LaMar's Donuts and Coffee in Westminster,第二段中the couple fills boxes with doughnuts to deliver them to UCHealth Broomfield Hospital and areapolice departments和Chris所说的We've been doing this together for at least a year and ahalf,以及第五段中的Healthcare workers quickly formed a line to pick out a doughnut可知，每周二和周五，Hubbard夫妇都会从LaMar's收集当天剩下的甜甜圈并把它们送给医护人员和警察，而且他们坚持做了将近两年了。25.B。理解词汇。根据语境可知，画线部分前的It指Hubbard夫妇给医护人员递送甜甜圈这件事；结合下文中Brenda Nelson所说的话可知，这些送来的甜甜圈不仅来自一家有名的甜品店，而且这样的递送服务从未间断过。因此，Hubbard夫妇的甜甜圈递送服务“鼓舞了医护人员的士气”。26.C。推断。根据第三段中chis所说的话和倒数第二段内容可知，这对夫妇认为医护人员和警察在新冠肺炎大流行期间的付出值得被感谢，而他们也值得被更多人关注和认可，由此可推知，他们认为医护人员需要获得更大的尊重。27.D。理解目的。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Hubbard夫妇近两年来坚持每周给医护人员和警察送甜甜圈以表感谢的故事，这是一个鼓舞人心的故事。C篇主题语境：人与自我一一做人与做事本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了青年ibi骑摩托车环游印度的故事。28.C。推断。根据第一段中的On1 April2021,24-year-old Jibin.decided to spend many daysat different destinations,work somewhere for not more than a month,earn money and travel toanother place可知，Jibin在24岁时决定去不同的地方旅行，结合第二段中的For as long as Ican remember,I've been into travelling when I became a teenager,an all-India trip was alwaysmy dream可知，他在24岁时最可能对环游全国感兴趣。be into sth.对某事物很有兴趣，非常喜欢某事物。29.A。理解具体信息。根据第四段中的In some areas,there were hardly any food stalls.Jibinbegan his business in these places and it was an immediate success可知，在一些地区，几乎没有食品摊，即ibin几乎没有竞争者，因此他的生意立即取得了成功。本段中的rupee是印度的货币单位“卢比”。30.C。推断。根据第五段中ibi所说的话可知，虽然食品摊的收入还可以，但更重要的是人们的友善才使得他踏上了梦想之旅。由此可推知，沿途陌生人的友善给他留下了深刻的
12.What did the writer want to do for Vince?A.To cheer him up.B.To show him the way.C.To be his friend.13.How did the writer feel when he tried to talk with Vince?A.Happy.B.Proud.C.Helpless.14.Why did the writer stay up many times?A.To learn sign language.B.To listen to music.C.To type messages.15.What does the writer want to tell us?A.Helping others makes ourselves better.B.Where there is a will,there is a way.C.A friend in need is a friend indeed.四、听力填空（每小题1分，共5分）本试卷由《山西中考生》公众号整理提供。本题你将听到一篇短文。请你根据所听内容，完成下面的表格，并将获取的信息填到答题卡相应的位置上。每空一词。Things that Good Language Learners DoDon't be 16 of making mistakes.Notice the mistakes and learn from them.Do group activities.Look for 17 to talk with other people.Make notes during every class.Spare about 18 minutes every day to review yournotes.Learn 19 the classroom.Remember useful words and phrases and then say themto practise your pronunciation.20 the process.Have fun with the language.九年级英语第3页（共12页）
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C.其他条件不变，9min后，向容器中再充入10.“绿水青山就是金山银山”，因此研究NOz、SO21.6molX,衡向正反应方向移动，再次达等大气污染物的妥善处理具有重要意义。到衡时X的浓度减小，Y的转化率增大(1)燃煤发电厂常利用反应2CaC03(s)+D.其他条件不变，若降温到T2达到衡时，2S02(g)+O2(g)=2CaS04(s)+2C02(g)衡常数K2=4,则此反应的△H<0△H=一681.8kJ·mol1对煤进行脱硫处7.已知下列3个热化学方程式(K为衡常数)：理来减少SO2的排放。对于该反应，在①css+0.(g一Cu.0(s)+s0.(g)T℃时，借助传感器测得反应在不同时刻(t)各物质的浓度(c)如下表：△H1Kt/min22Cu2O(s)+Cu2S(s)=6Cu(s)+SO2(g)01020304050△H2K2c/(mol·L-1)3Cu2S(s)+02 (g)=2Cu(s)+SO2 (g)021.000.790.600.600.640.64△H3K3则△H3和K3的表达式分别为C0200.420.800.800.880.88A.2△H1+△H2,2K1·K20~10min内，均反应速率v(O2)=B.2△H1+△H22√K·K2mol·L1·min1;升高温度，该反应的衡常数K(填“增大”“减△H,+2△H,2K1·K小”或“不变”)。3(2)NOz的排放主要来自于汽车尾气，有人利D2H+△H,派·K用反应C(s)+2NO(g)=N2(g)+CO2(g)3△H=-34.0kJ·mol-1,用活性炭对NO8.采用CO与H2反应合成再生能源甲醇，反应如进行吸附。已知在密闭容器中加入足量的下：CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g),在一容积C和一定量的NO气体，保持恒压测得NO可变的密闭容器中充有10molC0和20mol的转化率随温度的变化如图所示：H2,在催化剂作用下发生反应生成甲醇。CO的100衡转化率（α）与温度(T)、压强(p)的关系如图(1050,80)所示。下列说法正确的是(A.B点的反应速率60(1100,40)比C点的大0.8B.A、B、C三点的200.5衡常数KA、KB、90095010001050110011501200T尿Kc的大小关系由图可知，1050K前反应中NO的转化率为KA=KB>KCT1℃随温度升高而增大，其原因为C.若达到衡状态A时，容器的体积为10L,则在衡状态B时在1100K时，C02的体积分数为容器的体积为5L(3)用某物质的衡分压代替其物质的量浓度D.若增大H2的浓度，则CO和H2的衡转化也可以表示化学衡常数（记作K。)。在率均会增大1050K、1.1×106Pa时，该反应的分压9.在恒温条件下，向盛有食盐的2L恒容、密闭容衡常数K。=[已知：气体分压器中加入0.2 mol NO2、0.2 mol NO和0.1mol(p分)=气体总压(Pa)X体积分数]。C2,发生两个反应：(4)为避免汽车尾气中的有害气体对大气的污D2NO2(g)+NaCl(s)NaNO3(s)+NOCI(g)染，需给汽车安装尾气净化装置。在净化装△H1<0K1置中CO和NO发生反应2NO(g)+2CO(g)22NO(g)+Cl2(g)=2NOCI(g)=N2(g)+2C02(g)△H=-746.8k·△H2<0K2mol1,生成无毒的N2和CO2。实验测得，10min时反应达到衡，测得容器内体系的压强Y正=k正·c2(NO)·c2(CO),V逆=k逆·减小了20%，10min内用NOCl(g)表示的反应c(N2)·c2(CO2)(k正、逆为速率常数，只与速率v(NOCl)=7.5×10-3mol·L-1·min-1。温度有关)。下列说法错误的是①达到衡后，仅升高温度，k正增大的倍数A.反应4NO2(g)+2NaCl(s)=2NaNO3(s)+（填“>”“<”或“=”)逆增大的2NO(g)+C(g)的衡常数为(。倍数。②若在1L的密闭容器中充入1molC0和B.衡后c(C2)=2.5×10-2mol。L11 mol NO,在一定温度下达到衡时，COC.其他条件保持不变，反应在恒压条件下进行，则衡常数K2增大的转化率为40%，则三(保留到逆D.衡时NO2的转化率为50%小数点后两位)。66化学不要拒绝朋友的忠告晶
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2022一2023学年高考前适应性训练考试高三英语注意事项：1.考试时间为120分钟，满分150分。2、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节{共.5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What does the man care most about the phone?A.Its price.B.Its design.C.Its model.2.How does the man prefer to go to the airport?A.By taxi.B.By subway.C.By bus.3.Where does the conversation take place?A.In an office.B.In a restaurant.C.In a store.4.What will the woman do to cool down?A.Go outside.B.Open the window.C.Turn on the air conditioner.5.What are the.speakers mainly talking about?A.A robot.B.A zoo.C.A hotel.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Why is John calling Maria?A.To ask for a ride.B.To discuss a meeting.C.To borrow her car.7.When will the speakers meet?A.At7:10.B.At7.30.C.At7:40.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What problem did Jack meet in Florida?A.He got sun-burnt badly.B.The weather was changeable.C.There were too many tourists.9.With whom did the woman go to Queens town?A.Her friends.B.Her father.C.Her husband.10.What will the woman do for Jack?A.Buy him a gift.B.Teach him how to dive.C.Show him some pictures.1听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Brother and'sister.B.Classmates.C.Teacher and student.12.When will Teresa sign up for after-school tutoring?A.On Monday.B.On Tuesday.C.On Wednesday.13.What will the boy do next?A.Call Mr.Brown.B.Apologize to Nancy.C.Buy a new doll house.高三英语第1页共8页
(3)①>(2分)②主反应(1分)③350~400℃，化学反应已达到衡，且主要发生主反应，而主反应是放热反应，温度升高衡向逆反应方向移动，CO2转化率减小(2分)【解析】本题主要考查化学反应原理，考查学生对化学反应原理的理解能力和综合运用知识的能力。(2)设衡时CO2的物质的量为xmol,H2的物质的量为ymol,CO的物质的量为之mol,根据C守恒：x十n十之=0.5H守恒：2y十4n十0.3×2=0.9×20守恒：2x十n十0.3+x=0.5X20.5+0.91.4x+y+n+0.3+之1解得：x=0.2,y=0.2,之=0.1,7n=0.2衡后物质的总量：0.2+0.2+0.2+0.1+0.3=1.0(mol)衡后各物质分压：p(CO2)=0.2pkPa、p(H2)=0.2pkPa、p(CH3OH)=0.2pkPa、(H2O)=0.3 kPa起始时分压p'(C0,)=kPa=0.5pka,dp(C0)=0.5pkPa-a.2pkPa=0.3pkPa,则00的分压变化车为2k·min1K,=8没2，k)=(kPa)-2。2p2(3)①根据图像可知，400℃之前，CH4的选择性为100%，即400℃之前，发生主反应，主反应为放热反应，根据温度与CO2转化率的关系图可知，350℃时反应达到衡，350℃之前CO2的转化率逐渐增大，说明反应未达到衡，即(a)>y逆(a)。②根据题中图像可知，低温下，CH4的选择性为100%，即该催化剂在较低温度主要选择主反应。③根据上述分析，350℃时主反应达到衡，350一400℃，化学反应已达到衡，且主要发生主反应，而主反应是放热反应，温度升高衡向逆反应方向移动，C○2转化率减小。18.(1)酰胺基、醛基(2分)；加成反应(1分)2分〉【高三化学·参考答案第4页（共5页）】·JX·
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的、婴降浓硫酸、搅拌Na.SOx候0的(Na2S):n(Na2CO)0102030405060708090温度/C司=2图2世请回答下列问题：图12)在装置乙中溶解两种固体时，需先将CO,溶于水配成溶液，再将Na2S固体溶于)连接实验装置后，首先进行的实验操作为;装置乙中生成NaS,O,的总反应方程等Na,C0的溶液中，其目的式为擗③)实验过程中，当装置乙中pH接近7.0时，应立即停止通S0的原因是(用离子方程式表示)。·)装置乙中需月反位后的准合液加人一定量的无水乙高，其目的是豐(5)设计实验测定Na,S,0,·5H,0的纯度：步骤1：准确称取16.0g样品，溶于水，加人10mL甲醛，配成20，mL溶液。步骤2：准确称取0.294gKC:0,于碳量瓶中，加人20mL蒸馏水溶解，再加人5mL2mol·LH,S0,和20mL10%KI溶液使铬元素完全转化为Cr+,加水稀释至浴100mL。步骤3：向碘量瓶中加人1mL1%淀粉溶液，用待测Na,S,O,溶液滴定碘量瓶中溶液至终点，消耗Na,S,0溶液20.00mL。.(已知：l2+2S,0g—2I+S,O)0试计算Na2S2O3·5H20的纯度为(保留三位有效数字)。14.(18分)亚氯酸钠(NaClO2)具有强氧化性，主要用于棉纺、亚麻、纸浆漂白、食品消毒、水处理、杀菌灭藻和鱼药制造等方面。某兴趣小组利用下图装置制备亚氯酸钠，并对其性质进行探究。浓硫酸NaOH和HO2亚硫酸钠席NaOH氯酸钠溶液和稀硫酸溶液B冷水浴已知：二氧化硫与氯酸钠在酸性条件下反应生皮成二氧化氯气体够请回答下列问题：D实验证明装置八中使用70必的本硫酸效果最好，原因为②)装置B中。经放氧酸窍液和释硫酸的仅器名称为段时间后，C装置中有NCO,晶体析出，则©装置中发生的化学反应方程式,装置C采用冷水浴的原因为N(4)装置D的作用为化学测试（九）第4页（共4面
姓名准考证号绝密★启用前炎德·英才·名校联考联合体2024届高三第二次联考化学版权所有翻印必究注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。可能用到的相对原子质量：H~1C~12N~140~16S~32Cu~64Ag~108一、选择题（本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分。每小题只有一项符合题目要求）1.“挖掘文物价值，讲好湖南故事”。下列文物的主要成分是合金的是选项ABCD文物大禾人面纹方鼎唐摹兰亭序名称素纱禪衣T形帛画2.化学用语是学化学的专业术语。下列有关叙述正确的是A.异丁醛的结构简式为CH,CH,CH CHOB.相对分子质量为32的氮的氢化物电子式为H:N:HHC.基态锗原子的电子排布式为[Ar]4s24pD.溴乙烷的空间填充模型为3.下列离子方程式符合题意且正确的是A.向酸性KMnO,溶液中滴加甲醛溶液，溶液褪色并产生气泡：2Mn2++5CO2个+11H09鉴m直中13同2MnO+12H++5HCHO-化学试题第1页（共8页）
10.下列各组澄清溶液中离子能大量共存，且滴入X试剂后发生的离子方程式书写正确的是选项离子组X试剂离子方程式ANH:、Fe+、SO、r过量NazS3Fe3+2S2-=2Fe2++S↓+FeS↓BFe2、K*、NO、C少量HI4H*+3Fe2 +NO =3Fe*+NO +2H OK*、Na*、SO3、AIO:少量NH,CINH:+AlO;+2H2O=Al(OH)+NH3.H2ODK*、NH、CIO、SO少量S0,SO,+H,O+CIO-=SO+2H*+CI-11.下列方程式中正确的是A少量Ca(OH)2溶液与过量NaHCO3溶液反应：HC0;+Ca2+0H=CaC0,↓+H,0B疏酸铜溶液中滴入几滴氨水：Cu2+4NH3H2O=[CuNH)4]2+4H2OC.少量S02通入Ca(CIO)2溶液：Ca2*+S02+3Cl0+H20=CaS04+CI+2HCl0D.向Fel溶液中通入少量Cl2:2Fe2*+CL,=2Fe3++2CI12.从黑铜矿（主要含有Cu2S、FS和少量SO2杂质），利用黑铜矿湿法炼铜并制取硫酸亚铁溶液的工艺流程如图：空气稀流酸过量固体X试剂Y黑铜刊矿石(Cu2S、FeS)高温煅烧酸浸浸出液除杂CuS0,等FeSO,溶液下列说法错误的是A黑铜矿在高温煅烧”前需要经过粉碎处理B.“高温煅烧时，每生成1molS02,转移6mol电子C.酸浸时，应加入稍过量的稀疏酸，提高浸出率D.固体X可以为铁粉，试剂Y可以为CSO4溶液
六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I arrived,it was early morning and it was raining.I looked to the east-the sky was26 gray.I got out of the car,went through a gate and walked along a dark path.There wasnothing to see,but I knew it was there.After about a mile,a 27 appeared beside the path."Am I going the right way?"I asked.He knew where I was going.“Yes,”he replied,“you'll get there in five minutes.”_28_,Icame to some rocks and stopped.I looked over 29,but it was silent and there was no signof it.Suddenly,the rain 30 and the clouds cleared.The sun rose behind me 31 shone onthe rocks.Far below me,the ground fell away and down to a river.I was looking across one of thewonders of the natural world-the Grand Canyon ()I looked down to the Colorado River,a silver stream nearly one mile below me.If you put thetwo tallest 32 in the world on top of each other 33 the bottom of the canyon,they stillwould not reach the top.Then I looked across to the other side of the canyon.It was about fifteenmiles away,maybe more.The Grand Canyon was not just big.It was huge!26.A.beatingB.burningC.becoming27.A.singerB.strangerC.scientist28.A.FinallyB.GenerallyC.Unluckily29.A.theyB.themC.themselves30.A.stoppedB.startedC.spread31.A.andB.butC.because32.A.hillsB.housesC.buildings33.A.atB.inC.on七阅读理解（这一部分共五篇短文，A至D篇每篇短文后有五个小题，E篇后有六个小题，每小题2分，共52分)(A)请阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TV has already entered thousands of families,and TV is a window.For primary schoolstudents,watching TV can provide a chance for them to understand the important events at homeand abroad,open their eyes,and get knowledge.also,they have been very nervous at school.Athome,it is very necessary for them to relax.And watching TV is one of some good ways.Whensome programs are educational,they have both fun and knowledge.TV gives primary schoolstudents the growth and development of brains.We asked 500 students from different schools.Hereare the results of the survey about what kind of TV programs students prefer.Comedies75%Cartoons100%Competitions☐5%Children programs■60%Soap operas15%Action movies45%0%20%40%60%80%100%120%中考权威预测模拟试卷·英语（三）第3页（共8页）
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5.Where are the speakers probably?听力材料Text7A.In a store.B.In the street.W:Hello,Mike.It's Helen calling.C.At a police station.M:Hi,Helen.Are you feeling better?You were听absent from school on Thursday and Friday.(8)听力材料Text5W:I feel much better now.I'll be back to school onMonday.I'm calling to ask about the homework.M:Sit down,please.Now tell us what happened.(8)(9)W:I was going window shopping near LindenM:We have chemistry and geography homework.Street when suddenly I found my wallet hadFor chemistry,we are asked to write a report onbeen stolen.the experiment we did on Wednesday.ForM:Don't worry.We'll look into the casegeography,we need to write a 200-word articleimmediately.about what we can do about environmental8gpollution.第二节W:Thank you.By the way,did you have any听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。④tests when I was absent?听M:Yes,we had a math test.I didn't do it well.A 6.What are the speakers talking about?A.Their dreams.B.Their hobbies.力(10)I'm going to study hard this weekend.C.Their jobs.W:Come on.You're sure to get a good gradeA 7.Why is Bella studying English hard?next time.A.To start a new career.M:Thank you very much.B.To have a bright future.C.To realize her childhood dream.听力材料Text6听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。W:John,did you have a dream when you were aC 11.Why does Ellen visit Mr Smith?little boy?(6)A.To apply for a job.B.To show her story.听M:Of course,I did.I dreamed of being a pilot听C.To ask him for help.when I grow up,but unfortunately,I didn'tC 12.What is Jack doing at present?realize it.A.Editing the school newspaper.W:I had the same experience with you.When IB.Organizing some classroom activities.was a little girl,I dreamed of being a greatC.Running for president of the students'union.scientist.But now you see,I'm just a commonA 13.What does Ellen want students to do afteroffice clerk.(7)class?M:OK,forget about it.Bella,do you have someA.Attend concerts.B.Do some writing.practical dreams at present?gC.Read some books.听力材料Text8W:Yes.Now I'm working hard to learn English,M:Come in,please.and I want to be a translator some day.(7)W:Mr Smith?M:You're promising.Just follow your dream and听M:Yes,I am.And you are ...力never give up.力W:My name is Ellen.M:Hello,Ellen.Sit down,please.Is something thematter?W:I'd like you to do me a favor.(11)M:Well,I'm the editor of our school newspaper.Do you have a story?W:I'm planning to run for president of thestudents'union.(12)听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。B 8.What is the probable relationship betweenM:Against Jack?(12)Well,that is news.Whythe speakers?听A.A couple.B.Classmates听do you think the voters will vote for youagainst Jack?C.Teacher and student.W:Because I care about students in our school.C 9.Why does the woman call the man?I want us students to learn more thanA.To ask for sick leave.reading,writing and other subjects in class.IB.To report her health problem.also want us students to do after-schoolC.To get homework information.activities like going to concerts.(13)A 10.In which test did the man do badly?M:Great!I can surely print the news underA.The math test.B.The chemistry testthe title of“Vote for Ellen.She Cares'”C.The geography test.
高三第一轮复周测卷教学匀，待溶液呈浅棕黄色时，加入1~2滴淀粉溶液指示剂，继续滴定至即为滴定终点札记记录消耗的Na2SO溶液的体积；④重复上述操作三次。四次测定的数据如下表：实验序号23消耗Nae SO溶液的体积/mL20.0520.0019.9520.45上述四组数据中不合理的是(填序号)。【解题分析】(4)③用NSO,溶液滴定游离碘，边滴加边摇匀，待溶液呈浅棕黄色时，溶液中还剩下少量游离碘此时加入淀粉指示剂，溶液变蓝色，继续滴定至蓝色恰好消失且半分钟内不恢复，即为滴定终点。④4组数据中，第4组数据偏差太大应舍去，1~3组数据取均值。【答案)(1)分液漏斗(1分)；Mn0十4H+2CI△Mn++C+2H,O(2分)(2)除去氯气中混有的HC1气体(2分)；浓疏酸(2分)(3)H,0+C00~10℃2HC10(2分)(4)①胶头滴管(2分)②棕(2分)③蓝色恰好消失且半分钟内不恢复(2分)其数)卷④4(2分)13.(18分)《我在故宫修文物》展示了专家精湛的技艺和他们对传统文化的热爱与坚守，也令人体会到化学方法在文物保护中的巨大作用，某博物馆修复出土铁器的过程如下：(1)检测锈蚀产物主要成分的化学式FeaOFeO3·H2OFeO(OH)FeOCl铁器被腐蚀本质上可以看成是铁被填“氧化”或“还原”)。FOC1中铁元素的化合价为(2)分析腐蚀原理：一般认为，铁经过了如下腐蚀循环I.Fe转化为FeⅡ.Fe+在自然环境中形成FeO(OH),该过程中氧化剂为、。写出FeO(OH)与盐酸反应的化学方程式：Ⅲ.FeO(OH)和Fe+反应形成致密的FeO4保护层，FeO,保护层被氧化成FeO(OH),如此往复腐蚀。FeO4+O2十0H2OFO(OH)(将反应的化学方程式配)。(3)研究发现，CIT对铁的腐蚀会造成严重影响。化学修复：脱氯、还原，形成FO4保护层。方法如下：将铁器浸没在盛有0.5mol·L1的Na2SO溶液、0.5mol·L1的NaOH溶液的容器中，缓慢加热至60~90℃，一段时间，取出器物，用NaOH溶液洗涤至无C1。①检测C1是否被洗涤干净的试剂是②脱氯反应：FeOC1十OH—FeO(OH)十CI,离子反应的本质是离子浓度的减小，比较FeOCl与FeO(OH)的溶解度大小：[填“FeOC”或“FeO(OH)”门的溶解度较大。【解题分析】(3)①氯离子可以和银离子反应生成难溶于酸的沉淀，所以检测C是否被洗涤干净的方法是取少量最后一次洗涤液于试管中，加入稀硝酸酸化的硝酸银溶液，若无白色沉淀产生说明洗涤液中无C。②离子反应的本质是溶液中某些离子的浓度降低，这说明FcO(OH)更难溶，因此FeOC1的溶解度大于FeO(OH)的溶解度【答案】(1)氧化(2分)；+3(2分)(2)O(2分)；Fe0(OHD+3HC1—FeC1+2H2O(3分)；4,1,6,12(3分)(3)①稀硝酸酸化的硝酸银溶液(3分)②Fe(OCI(3分)【24.G37CI1新高考).化学-R-必考-0GA-Y】
29.(8分)衡思想是化学研究的一个重要观念，电解质水溶液中存在电离衡、水解衡、溶解衡。常温下，向1L0.1mol/LH2A溶液中逐滴加入等浓度NaOH溶液，所得溶液中含A元素的微粒的物质的量分数与溶液pH的关系如图+物质的量分数%100HA50A201丫23456pi(1)在0.1molL1的Na2A溶液中，下列粒子浓度关系式正确的是▲；(2分)A.c(A2-)十cHA-）+cH2A)=0.1molLB.c(Na)>c(A2-)>c(HA-)>c(OH-)>c(H)C.c(Na*)+c(H+)=c(OH-)+c(HA-)+2c(A2-)D.c(Na)=2c(A2-)+2c(HA-)(2)已知0.1 mol-L-NaHA溶液的pH=2,则0.Imol-L-H2A溶液中氢离子的物质的量浓度可能是▲0.11moL(填“<>”或=”)，理由是▲。(3)25C时，将a mol-L1的氨水与0.01molL1的盐酸等体积混合，若混合后溶液的pH=7,用含的代数式表示NH3HO的电离常数K=▲。A9协作体高二化学试题卷第8页共8页
2023~2024学年上学期高三年级12月联考卷·化学参考答案、提示及评分细则1.D酸性防腐剂在碱性条件下效果比碱性防腐剂或者广谱防腐剂要差，A、B两项不符合题意；甲醛对人体有害，不能使用，C项不符合题意；酯类物质在弱酸性和弱碱性环境下都能稳定存在，D项符合题意。2.C处理废电池不可直接填埋，A项错误；硫氧镁彩复合钢板属于复合金属材料，B项错误；食用油发生“酸败”的主要原因之一是油脂的水解生成了脂肪酸，C项正确；纸箱、易拉罐属于可回收垃圾，D项错误。3.BH2O分子的中心原子为.sp3杂化，空间结构为V形，A项错误；基态Cu+的核外电子排布式为[Ar]3d,B项正确；NaOH中含有离子键和共价键，NaCI中仅含有离子键，C项错误；八Na+的结构示意图为1)8,D项错误。4.C CHCH=CH一COOH中，一COOH与sp杂化的碳原子相连，CH=CHCH2COOH中，一COOH与sp杂化的碳原子相连，前者酸性更强，A项错误；非金属性：O>N,最简单氢化物的热稳定性：H2O>NH,B项错误；相对分子质量越大，范德华力越大，溶沸点越高，C项正确；金属性：K>N,因此KOH的碱性更强，D项错误。5.B强氧化性的溶液应该用酸式滴定管量取或滴定，A项错误；实验室可以使用高锰酸钾与浓盐酸制取少量氯气，B项正确；氯水具有漂白性，不能用pH试纸测定氯水的pH,C项错误；NH极易溶于水，必须添加防倒吸装置，D项错误。6.A溶液呈中性，则反应后H+与OH厂无剩余，Ba(OH)2要写为Ba+和2OH,A项正确；F(SCN)3为络合物，不是沉淀，B项错误；Cl2通入水中制氯水，生成的HClO为弱酸，C项错误；Cu与浓硝酸反应生成NO2,D项错误。7.D、b分别为正反应和逆反应的活化能，A项错误；该反应放热，△H
