31.下图为一条肽链的结构简式，R,、R2和R3是3个不同的化学基团。下列有关分析中不正确的是()HHHN--6-N-6--N--COOHROHR2OA.这条肽链中的肽键数是2B.该肽链是由3个氨基酸脱去3分子水缩合形成的C.这条肽链中至少含有1个氨基和1个羧基D构成蛋白质的不同氨基酸的理化性质差异主要是由于R基的不同导致的32.下列关于组成生物体的氨基酸和蛋白质的叙述，正确的是()A.蛋白质种类繁多的主要原因是氨基酸有12种B.胰岛素含有4条肽链，不同肽链之间是通过肽键连接的C胶原蛋白可作为手术缝合线是因为其能够被人体组织直接吸收D非必需氨基酸是人体细胞能合成的氨基酸，也能从食物中获得33.下列相关叙述不正确的是(A载体蛋白是镶在细胞膜外表面的蛋白质B.细胞膜的化学成分主要是脂质和蛋白质C细胞膜能进行细胞间信息交流D.细胞膜能控制物质进出细胞34.下列关于构成生物体的化合物的说法，错误的是(A.日常炒菜使用的植物类食用油富含不饱和脂肪酸，熔点较低B.胰岛素具有催化作用，可以治疗糖尿病C.医用生理盐水是质量分数为0.9%的NaCI溶液，有利于维持人体细胞的活性D.高温煮熟鸡蛋后会使蛋白质分子的空间结构变得伸展、松散，更易被消化35.在蛋白质合成过程中生成的水中的O和H分别来自(A.氨基、羧基和羧基BR基、氨基和骏基C骏基、氨基D.羧基、氨基和羧基36.下列相关叙述错误的是()A.T2噬菌体内核酸的五碳糖有一种，威基和核甘酸都是四种B.酵母菌的遗传物质是DNA,其碱基和核苷酸都是四种C乳酸菌细胞的核酸中五碳糖有两种，碱基和核苷酸都是八种D.神经细跑中的DNA主要分布在细胞核，RNA主要分布在细胞质37.己知①胃蛋白酶、②抗体、③胰岛素、④葡萄糖、⑤脂肪、⑥核酸都是人体内有重要作用的物质。下列说法正确的是（)A.①②③都是由氨基酸通过肽键连接而成的B.③④⑤都是生物大分子，都以碳链为骨架C②④⑥都是由含氮的单体连接成的多聚体D.(④⑤6都是人体细胞内的主要能源物质38.下列物质中均含有P元素是()(1)脱氧核糖②核膜③磷脂④脂肪⑤RNAA.①③B.②③⑤C.(13⑤D②③④⑤39.丙氮酸的R基为-CH3,谷氨酸的R基为-CH2CH2COOH,它们缩合形成的二肽分子中，C、H、O的原子比例为()高一生物第4页，

思路点拨7月该区域降水集中，易引发黄土崩塌；4月天气变暖，气温回升，土体温度在短时间内由零下升高为零上，在悬殊的气温变化过程中，土体冻融现象不断发生，极易发生崩塌。22.答案C命题透析本题以四种类型黄土斜坡为情景，考查塑造地表形态的力量，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力，综合思维的学科核心素养。思路点拨一般来讲，直线型斜坡和凸型斜坡的坡度较大，坡型较陡，其内部应力变化率较大，且应力集中明显，斜坡不稳定；凹型斜坡整体形态是缓坡和陡坡的组合，斜坡下部的缓坡支撑上部陡坡，减小了陡坡内部的应力变化，削弱了斜坡的应力集中，斜坡相对稳定；阶梯型斜坡由于台将原本高陡的斜坡划分成多级高度较小的斜坡，不仅减小了各级斜坡内部的应力，还削弱了坡脚的应力集中，有利于斜坡的稳定。23.答案A命题透析本题以山西省黄土崩塌相关材料为情景，考查地表形态的塑造，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力，综合思维的学科核心素养。思路点拨南坡受日照时间长，白天土体温度相对较高，昼夜温差大，受风化作用强，致使其结构破碎，不利于斜坡稳定。另外，南坡通常居住的人口较多，修建公路等频繁的人类工程活动对斜坡体扰动程度大，加大了崩塌灾害发生的可能性。24.答案C命题透析本题以小明的日记为情景，考查地球运动的相关知识，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力，综合思维的学科核心素养。思路点拨由材料可知，上海市该日日出东北方向，即是北半球的夏半年（春分日到秋分日之间），四个选项中只有建军节这一节日在这个时段内。25.答案B命题透析本题以小明的日记为情景，考查地球运动的相关知识，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力，综合思维的学科核心素养。思路点拨根据材料和上题结论可知，上海市8月1日7：12时太阳在正东方，且此时太阳升起的太阳高度大约为30°，说明太阳至少升起了2个小时，所以上海市的日出时间大约为5：10。26.命题透析本题以菜茵河-默兹河三角洲及哈灵水道挡潮闸坝为情景，考查地表形态的塑造及气压带、风带相关知识，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识、论证和探讨地理问题的能力，区域认知、综合思维的学科核心素养。答案要点(1)潮汐；河流径流量；人类活动。（任答其中2点，每点1分，共2分。其他答案合理可酌情给分）(2)潮汐上溯加强，新水道内潮差增大；改变了三角洲河网上游径流分配，新水道径流量增大；潮汐和河流径流对河床冲刷频繁，新水道河床受侵蚀严重。（任答其中2点，每点2分，共4分。其他答案合理可酌情给分）(3)冬季。(2分)理由：冬季，北海盛行西风势力强，河流人海口风暴潮频发；潮汐作用向水道内传播潮汐动力，推高河流水位，退潮后，河流水位快速下降，加大潮差。（每点2分，共4分。其他答案合理可酌情给分)27.命题透析本题以鲁西北、鲁北地区雹暴为情景，考查大气运动的相关知识，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识、论证和探讨地理问题的能力，综合思维的学科核心素养。答案要点(1)贾悦。(2分)理由：雹暴常伴有强降水，贾悦位于强降水中心，雹暴强度大；贾悦冰雹直径较大，受灾严重。（每点2分，共4分。其他答案合理可酌情给分)(2)为冰雹的形成提供充足的水汽；产生强上升气流托住雹胚粒子，有利于其长成大雹。（每点2分，共4分。一4

18.(17分石补题冷高，西全个(1)从市场竞争力角度，说明长城汽车选择在俄罗新建立海外首个全工艺整车制造厂的原因石风不(6分)下(2)分析长城汽车选址图拉市的原因。(6分)7(3)为适应当地环境，请为图拉工厂生产的首款车型在设计上提出合理建议。（6分)17.(20分)阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。互花米草为多年生草本植物，植株高达1一3m,根系发达，繁殖方式多样，夏秋季节茂盛，上世纪七、八十年代被我国沿海地区广泛引入用于保潍护岸。广西合浦儒良保护区榕根山滩涂拥有海草床（多匍匐茎，冬春季节繁茂，夏季聚减）和红树林两种原生生态系统引种以来，互花米草对低矮红树植物和海草产生植被遮阴效应，迅速挤占了红树林和海草的生存空间。图6示意榕根山滩涂互花米草面分布。2018年2009年2013年2015年05001000米图例米草海草红树林边滩边界图6(1)根据图6描述互花米草空间分布的变化特征。(6分)(2)仅考虑互花米草入侵的影响，推测2018年后榕根山滩涂北部海草床面积变化，并说明理由。(8分)小好烟室，商年西水（③》分折互花米草治理难度大的原因。6分》。股张代士，心量人华所梦祖水品源瑞处退人分顶水出禄适氏，天量人光最前代士大量人货务大年国地理试卷第5页（共6页）

表2漫随中（杰内批茶议阳重海班世茶，0材料，完成下列要求。(18分)产业脱贫模式效果划分标准财瀚海柳浪位于古尔班通古特大效果指数[0,2](2,4](4,6](6,8](8,10]道较高的半环形沙丘。丰水期日脱贫效果不明显较不明显一般较好好小给；枯水期时，瀚海柳浪也不会效果指数评价北侧沙丘对瀚海柳浪形成的升的野处①运用水循环原理简述瀚海柳浪枯6有人认为瀚海柳浪最终会消失，氵☐经济效果38O9读图文材料，完成下列要求。(162■社会效果父国是水果紫金山位于南京市玄武区（中心口生态效果0资金托管“合作社+”“企业+银行+贫困户可内国龄的拉被覆盖率高，生态环境好，风景优运营模式运营模式运营模式金山属于开放式景区，游客众多，不】图27.产业扶贫能带来长期效益的主要原因是内回带品的业金南发绿道。A.改善了当地教育环境B.改善了当地医疗条件效安品C.完善了当地基础设施D.加速了当地人口回流中品8.在“合作社+”运营模式下，农户主要通过身量品①土地流转赚租金②就近务工赚薪金③股份合作赚股金④发展生产赚现金营A①②B.②③C.①④D.③④结合前临高县产业脱贫效果，今后在推动临高县可持续发展中需策装国/边米A.完善农户小额信贷制度B增加农户土地供给黄的的哈西C.加大对农户直接资金补贴力度汉提高专业合作社数量随着城镇化进程加快，城市轨道交通在一定程度上决定了城市的布局结构和土地利用格(1)说明紫金山动植物资源丰富的士局，对城市发展产生深刻影响。图3示意深圳市地铁线路修建前后不同地块价格的变动，图4(2)据考察，紫金山北坡的植被较南坡示意地块位置。据此完成10~11题。(3)简述紫金山游客众多且每日最但19.97原关外198765434.95深圳全市1一·特别行政区界-市界3.53原关内珠细关内11.60江早食竹处地铁方案公示地铁运营时间轴香港险痛省人太与图3图4会的记湖隆自：本由(【高三地理第3页（共6页）】·23-111C【高

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中学生报hstanESHENG BAOark in k.及其他三个国家公园的占地面积可知，Aynvideos,citing they spread medical misinformation.shomeml国家公园是四个公园中面积最大的。But is there any truth to these claims?Are you com-elic fores2.What can tourists do at Ranthambore Nationapromising your health for the convenience of wire-might evPark?less headphones-and specifically,are you in-游)AIynA.Enjoy the beautiful lake view.creasing your risk of brain cancer?02B.Watch a thrilling hunting show.It turns out that the answer isn't entirely clear-C.Appreciate some ancient buildings.cut,but these are prevalent uncertainties right nowmbore NaD.Visit the oldest temple in the world."This is a very common worry and a question that IConverte22.C细节理解题。根据Ranthambore Nationalhear often from my patients:They want to know ifre has bePark,India部分中的impressive sites like thetheir phones or earbuds caused their brain cancer,"gers.It's10th-century Ranthambore Fort,which is locat-says Dr Naveed Wagle,a neuro-oncologist."Theto impres-ed on a hilltop.There's also the Ganesh Mandirshort answer is it's probably not the sole cause,"Drabore FortTemple,the oldest and most famous temple ofWagle says,"but we don't have enough informa-so the GaLord Ganesha可知，游客可以在Ranthamboretion yet to say for sure or to know if it's a contrib-ost famous国家公园看到一些古代建筑。uting factor."b23.Where will you go if you are interested in theDespite how ubiquitous they've become amongPark,Inphenomenon of geography?consumers,this is relatively new technologyA.Altyn-Emel National Park.when you think about it,widespread mobile phonee”,BromoB.Ranthambore National Park.use only dates back about 20 years.And whilelished as aC.Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park.wireless technology has existed since the latef 800 kmD.Lencois Maranhenses National Park.1990s,wireless earbuds have only come on thewill seem23.C细节理解题。根据Bromo Tengger Semeruscene in the past few years.This short timeframemeans that there are a lot scientists still just don'tnce to seeNational Park,Indonesia部分中的If you'reinto volcanic activities,the park will seem extraknow about the long-term health effects,especiallyh is an ac-sea level.appealing可知，如果你对地理现象感兴趣，可for people who use them for hours every day.以去Bromo Tengger Semeru国家公园。ooFor the moment,here's what the United StatesFederal Communications Commission (FCC)saysnai由ls92oabout wireless devices and your health:"Currently,难度：★★★☆☆0no scientific evidence establishes a causal link be-游的国家词数：342A recent TikTok video made the rounds totween wireless device use and cancer or other ill-thousands of users for its argument entitled,"Whynesses.Those evaluating the potential risks of usingNationayou must throw away your AirPods."In it,the userwireless devices agree that more and longer-termexclaimed that wireless earbuds"literally sit insidestudies should explore whether there is a better de-your skull and cook your brain"due to the radiationvice for radio frequency safety standards than whatthey emit.Similar alarmist videos have been foundis currently used."various soca media platforms.allgng(【素养导读】语篇类型：议论文好了el National)that wireless earbuds cancause ancer,memory主题语境：人与社会tional parkloss fatigue and other health problems.A few social platforms have removed these语境内容：无线耳机真的会导致癌症、记忆丧失、00km2以23英语·高三R(第15-20期)核心突破（八）（十】35

当代中学生推gA细节理解题。根据第3段中的Oxygenof these big cats.On-the-ground examples in dif-dbon inparticulr,are first-generationferent tiger range countries have shown that com-and in the molecular foms ofmunities are key to successful tiger conservation.osermnoide and water,they are critical to bingsWhile there is consensus(共识)among gov-dwe kow it可知，氧气和碳是第一代元素，ernments and conservation organizations on the以一氧化碳和水的分子形式存在，对生命来说need to engage with communities that live in and是非常重要的。around protected areas,there is a lack of practicalstudhat should we dotofind thesitheguidance on how to work with these communities.nd howuestion raised by the study?WWF's people-centered tiger conservation ap-out alsA.Further study similar star-forming galaxies.proach tackles this issue.o muchB.Find out where water can exist in the Uni-Communities living around protected areasgalaxieverseand in important corridors are the strongest determi-es fur-C.Figure out how far away the Universe is.nant of conservation successes.Building trust,un-to图D.Know how much gas and dust has assem-derstanding community diversity,priorities,powerbled.dynamics,and allowing the long timescales neces-rmation0A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The an--sary to develop effective partnerships with commu-swer requires further study of similar star-form-nities are essential to successful conservation out-ing galaxies可知，我们还需要深入研究相似的comes in our tiger landscapes.星状星系才能找到答案。ns ebdodilsvil3oThe main objective of the people-centered31.What's the best title for the text?tiger conservation approach is to become trusted他们成A.Researchers get a better understanding ofpartners in an equal relationship with communitiesSPT0311-58in tiger landscapes by better understanding the pri-B.A team of astronomers used ALMA to find aorities and values of local people,maintaining dia-new galaxylogues and sustaining long-term engagement,andC.The study of SPT0311-58 has been releasedseeking innovations together.The partnership isD.The farthest water in the Universe has beenbased on trust,transparency,and continuous moni-foundtoring of the impact of biodiversity conservation onthe pair1D主旨大意题。本文主要讲了科学家发现local communities.0311-58了字宙中最远的水源，所以以“宇宙中最远的Current.monitoring of livelihoods andonoxid证水源被发现了”为标题最合适。community-based programs is focused on to whates可知，degree communities benefit from those programsThe theory is if communities benefit financially,nention-词数：341难度：★★★★☆they will support the conservation effort.But thisaph 3?Tigers live in some of the most densely popu-doesn't account for the non-monetary costs of con-of heorld.The land theyroamalsoservation and can create a perception of welfare-e ivdcureradtions,and so-based projects that can lose the link to conservationwn.311-58ofFinding ff-impact over time.Monitoring of these programser moleyewith peope livndworkingneeds to incorporate these missing factors andras is pivota for theonerm recoverystrengthen local ownership and buy-in towards the99语高三Rl第15-20期)核心突破)(+】

ethe高中新高考餐学用ling原情来控制自己在虚拟世界的行动。34A推理判断题。根据第5段中的BuGetwhen同表32.What do we know about the new VR technology?cordings from the sensor-laden capshowecise里判A.It allows users to use their feetthe brains of people using facial expresmayultimenehatB.It requests people to use their eyes more.were working harder than thosewhosdlargC.It avoids some disadvantages of other VRcontrollers可知，这项研究发现，使用者使39情比使用手动设备控制行动更累一些。rtifatrying totechnology.D.It is more complicated than VR technology35.What would be the best title for the text?you don'tAIRA.Virtual reality headsets allow movementsRem模的using hands4032.C细节理解题。根据第2段中的But not alla virtual worldway.物修B.Facial expressions could be used to intgoals,like主people can walk on a treadmill.And most peo-ple find it a challenge to stare at one spot longin virtual realityweek.Ma学家enough for the VR system to register the action.C.The usability of facial expression-based inweek on片壁Simply making faces may be an easier way for79put needs improvingweekend gthose who are disabled to navigate VR可知，这D.New technology allows disabled peopleA.When y素养导项新技术避免了其他虚拟现实技术的一些access virtual worldsB.Even if语篇类缺点。35.B主旨大意题。本文主要是讲新的虚拟C.Hire a k主题语33.How can users move around virtually in the实技术允许使用者通过表情来控制自已在D.Researc语境new technology?拟世界的行动。more alof ScA.By controlling their facial expressions.B.By controlling other users'movements.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分】E.Limit th共181C.By controlling the environment of virtualIf you're finding it more challenging than evemedia siworlds.to deal with the demands of your job and the restoF.In whatD.By controlling the controllers of virtualyour life in the meanwhile,you're not alone.Herment intworlds.33.A推理判断题。根据第3段中的Facial dataare four ways to bring a little more balance to yourG.Don't adaily routine.can then be used to control the user's move-es to briment through a virtual world以及第4段中的Build downtime into your schedule.36【素养导读Half of them learned to use three facial expres-make it a point to schedule time with your family往任何时低sions to move through the virtual worlds可知，and friends,and activities that help you recharge.让你的日岸使用者可以通过表情来控制自己在虚拟世界a date night with your spouse or a softball gamwith friends is on your calendar,you'll have som36.A下的行动。34.What did recordings from the sensor-laden cap时间，以show in the study?thing to look forward to and an extra incentiveA.Using facial expressions makes users moremanage your time well,so you don't have to cance你计划Rethink your errands(任务.Consid达37C上tired.whether you canoutsu(外包)any of yourim货上门BPmipasgaiodotclerpeatoasgientorehoachoesoronnkCou衣服从gradually.C.Participants didn't really like using facial ex-order your groceries online and have them dei“雇个往ered?37?Have your dry cleaning picked38.Bpressions.下D.Hand controllers made participants love theand dropped off at your homer ofice?Order yo得的。virtual worlds more.stamps online so you don't have togotohp80office?3 you may discover that the tin来写作you'll save will make it worth it.D项“研【23·英语·高三（第15-20期）枚心突破（八）(+沛”符合23英语高

评分细则。与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；第三档·写出了若干有关内容，应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，(11~15分)但不影响意义表达；·应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。·与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接；第二档·写出了一些有关内容，语法结构单调，词汇有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，(6~10分)影响了意义的表达；·较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。·与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差；第一档·产出内容太少，语法结构单调，词汇有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重(1~5分)影响了意义的表达；·缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯。0白卷、内容太少，无法评判或所写内容与所提供内容无关。听力部分录音材料(Text 1)W:Okay,time to go home.M:I can't.I haven't finished my report about the new project.W:Well,if you continue working like this,you'll get sick.(Text 2)M:If you want to catch the train,you'd better go now.W:Don't worry.I'll drive to the station.M:In that case,let me go with you.We are out of milk and you can drop me at the store.(Text 3)W:Did you call Ben last night?M:Yes,but I didn't get through.Maybe he was eating dinner.W:Perhaps.But as far as I know,he likes reading books at that time.(Text 4)M:Wow!Mandy!The apple pie tastes great!How did you make it?W:I got the tips from my mum.I'm glad that you like it.You may take some to your daughter if you like.(Text 5)W:Hey.You look great!How's everything?M:Yeah,I've been going to the club regularly.The training is really useful.Now I am in good shape and Iknow more about how to keep healthy.W:Really?I haven't been to the club for a long time.(Text 6)W:Hey,Mike.Do you know Mr.Peterson?He will come to our college next week.M:Mr.Peterson?Is he the professor from New York University?【高一英语参考答案第6页（共8页）】

当代中学生报GDP per person was stuck between$2 and100.【素养导读】ar enearound the same income level as the World Bank's语篇类型：议论文。四Compcurent poverty line of S190 a day.But global主题语境：人与社会is teaninome levels per person have sped up,fromaround语境内容：万事万物有生有灭，潮起潮落是常态，beS1,10in1800to$3.600in1950,and over$10,000经济有繁荣自然就有衰退。作者通过举例说明：更便宜today.经济增长史的关键往往在于衰退。o有的商Economists have long tried to explain this sud-32.What is the author's purpose in writing the firstden increase in output.Most theories have focusedparagraph?on the factors driving ongerm economic growthA.To explain the meaning of Robert Heinlein'sw painsuch as the quantity and productivity of labourwords.and capital.But a new paper takes a differentB.To describe the poverty of people before thethought:faster growth is not due to bigger booms,18th century.blowbut to less shrinking(收缩)in recessions(经济衰C.To introduce the rising of global income)Stephen Broadberry of Oxford Universitylevel per head.found that growth during years of economic ex-D.To compare the living standard of the pastpansion has fallen in the recent era-from 3.88%with that of the present.句可between 1820 and 1870 to 3.06%since 1950-even32.C。推理判断题。作者在第1段引用了科幻作热涂料宅每月用though average growth across all years in those two家罗伯特·海因莱因的话，指出贫穷是人类的periods increased from 1.4%to 2.55%常态。接着又用具体数据表明18世纪全球人比可推Instead,shorter and shallower recessions led to均GDP之低，1950年至今全球人均收入水料在家刻rising long-term growth.Output fell in a third of加速增长。下文对这种现象进行了具体分析。years between 1820 and 1870 but in only 12%of由此可推知，作者写该段是为了引出全球人均those since 1950.The rate of decline per recession收入水增长这一话题。year has fallen too,from 3%to 1.2%.33.What promotes faster economic growth accord-So why have these“growth reversals'”de-ing to the new paper?try.of builcreased in length and depth?In another paperA.The labor force.Broadberry finds that conventional explanations-B.The productive capital.ial to cosuch as demographic change or a sectoral shift fromC.The less increase in the economy.unstable agriculture to the more stable servicesD.The shorter decrease in the economic depres-种通sectordo not fully explain the shift.33.D细节理解题。根据第2段中的But a new度的新More important is the rise of the rule of law,能enabling arguments to be settled by fair courts.Bepaper takes a different thought:faster growth isfore the modern era,elites (would fight be-not due to bigger booms,but to less shrinking intween themselves for the spoils of growth and sendrecessions可知，一篇新论文采用了不同的思the economy back to square one through wars and路：经济更快增长并非由于经济更加繁荣，而the like.Respect for courts to resolve arguments是由于经济萧条时较小程度的衰退。ob★★Prevents this from happening.With populist politi-34.What is the author's suggestion for protectingenoncns challenging the authority of judges againthe economy from being damaged by elites?a sA.Controlling the spreading of wars.in.acrossthe world,that is food for thought.ry23英语高三（第15-20期）核心突破（八-（十】59