高三·专题测试卷（十四）有机合成和推断1.C【解析】反应①为乙酸与异丙醇在酸催化下发生酯化反应生成乙酸异丙酯和水，因此，反应①的反应类型为取代反应，A正确；反应②为乙酸与丙烯发生加成反应生成乙酸异丙酯，该反应的原子利用率为100%，因此，该反应是合成酯的方法之一，B正确；乙酸异丙酯分子中含有4个饱和碳原子，其中异丙基中存在一个饱和碳原子连接两个饱和碳原子和一个乙酰氧基，类比甲烷的正四面体结构可知，乙酸异丙酯分子中所有碳原子不可能共面，C错误；两个反应的产物是相同的，从结构上看，该产物是由乙酸与异丙醇通过酯化反应生成的酯，故其化学名称是乙酸异丙酯，D正确。2B【解析】根据R的分子结构可知含有羧基，所以R可以发生酯化反应，A正确；根据R的分子结构简式可知含有16个碳原子，B错误；如图所示：H.COCH,OOCCH.COOH该分子中含有两个手性碳原子，C正确；如图所示：H21,六元环上的二氯代物H.COCH,OOCCHCOOH有两种，两个C1原子可以一个连在1号碳上、一个连在2号碳上，也可以同时连在2号碳上，D正确。3.A【解析】PHA的重复单元中只含有酯基一种官能团，A错误；由PHA的结构可知其为聚酯，由单体缩聚合HO OH成，B正确；PHA为聚酯，碱性条件下可发生降解，C正确；PHA的重复单元中只连有1个甲基的碳原子为手性碳原子，D正确。4.D【解析】由高分子M的结构式可知，M的单体为

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（1）仪器A的名称是请回答：盐酸盐N.N-二甲基苯胺N.N-二甲基苯胺亚磷酸三乙酯理如下：三氯化物质W0.955-21.1156(g/cm)0.963密度1.575C-112熔点0-112+2CHOH20题图1沸点（℃）电解质溶液#259.56157.9搅拌器恒压电源机溶剂在水中有一定溶解度，但不溶于醚类有溶于乙醇、乙醚等有机溶剂，微溶于水于水，在水中易逐渐水解，在酸性介质易溶于乙醇、石油醚等有机溶剂，不溶中水解加快。与水、乙醇剧烈反应，能溶于石油醚电解质溶液2##溶解性共8页乙2#2#824924+5+16121150×3SCHCH（1）化合物A的结构简式是（3）C→E的化学方程式是(2）下列说法正确的是_请回答：已知：D.化合物E和化合物I发生缩聚反应生成b.通冷凝水（n口进）B.化合物C易形成分子内氢键A.化合物B中最多18个原子共面C.化合物H在浓硫酸催化下加热可转化为化合示为-=-②含有2个六元环开启搅拌器R-R-COOH#1）ROH2）H1)LiAIH,n-BuP###R-CHOH#第一次联考 化学试聚合物X中含氧官能团的名称是改进的方继是聚合物x-o-hPS0-C-0

A.“水流B.“水流物理C.“水流出来座位号考生注意：D.“水1.试卷分值：100分，考试时间：75分钟。重状2.考生作答时；请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后3.9月26出外卖签字笔在答题卡上各题的答案区域内作答，超出答题区域空悬停考场号试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。功率3.所有答案均要答在答题卡上，否则无效。考试结束后只交答题卡。牵引2s后一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，算有只有一项是符合要求的。A1.物理学是建立在实验基础上的自然科学,在物理实验探究中需要用到不同的实验器材，如图下列几个实验中一定会用到天的是4.巴季线小车细线打点计时器定滑轮起纸带封名为长木板水实验台水重物B.验证行四边形定则利用打点计时器测加速度沉m电火花纸带计时器级班夹子重物PNMD.验证动量守恒定律C.验证机械能守恒定律2.如图所示，杂技演员在表演“水流星”节目时，用长为L细绳系着的盛水的杯子，在竖直面内做圆周运动，已知重力加速度为g。下列说法中正确的是物理试题第1页（共8页）27mm f/1.9 1/100s ISO200HONOR Magic62024/10/12 21:47

18.阅读材料，完成下列要求。（9分）灌”推动警示教育真正警示人、教育人。示人、教育人的。（9分）重义会一斯思想政治第7页（共8页）

24.(8分)数学张老师在课堂上提出一个问题：“通过探究知道：2=1.414…，它是个无限26.(10分)【定义】不须环小数，也州无理数，它的整数部分是1，那么有谁能说出它的小数部分是多少”，小明举手回我们把三角形某边上的中点到这条边上的高的距离称为三角形某边的“中偏度值”答：它的小数部分我们无法全部写出来，但可以用2-1来表示它的小数都分，张老师夸奖小明真聪【应用】明，黄定了他的说法(1)如图，在Rt△ABC中，LACB=90°，AC=4,BC=3,求△ABC中AB边的“中偏度值；现请你根据小明的说法解答：【扩展】(1)T的整数部分是(2)在△ABC中，4C=13,AB=15,BC边上的高AD=12,求△ABC中BC边的“中编度值(2)a为5的小数部分，b为5的整数部分，求a+b-√3的值；.c(3)已知8+3=x+y,其中x是-一个正整数，0

A4 One possible version:详见答案解析页本期Dear schoolmates,第(C)4.When will the meeting start?As we strive for academic excellence,let us not forget the powerA.At 3 pm.of gratitude in nurturing our mind and body.Thus,the Students'A版B.At 3:30 pm.Union will present an initiative titled "Embracing Gratitude",aimed at fostering a heartfelt appreciation for all that enriches ourlives.努C.At 4 pm.听力材料Text4参The importance of gratitude cannot be overstated.It cultivates apositive mindset and fosters deeper connections with others.M:How long will it take us to get there?I have a答案Furthermore,gratitude inspires generosity and kindness.Whenwe recognize the good in others,we are more likely to pay it听meeting at 3 pm.forward,engaging in acts of service that enrich our communities.W:Well,Mr Carter,it should take another halfLet's make gratitude a daily habit and create a schoolhour.community where hearts are filled with gratitude.The Students'Unio厚M:In that case,I'll put the meeting off till 4 pm.(4)第(A)5.What does the man mean?美报社A.He may return the shirt.B.He will find out the priceEARNING ENGLISH努C.He needs to lose weight.新课程听力材料Text5高三课标W:Jack,I bought a shirt for you.M:Thank you!And I hope you kept the receipt.第21期Unit 4-Unit 5(选择性必修)Book4力I've put on some weight.(5)B版g第一节第(C)1.Why does the man apologize?第第二节听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。A.He did not call the woman.B.He broke the woman's arm.(A)6.What is the woman doing?分C.He cannot play tennis with the woman.听力材料Text1分A.Looking for a dress.B.Cleaning the closet.C.Doing some shopping.听W:Hello,Larry!It's me,Julie.I was wondering whetheryou'll partner with me for the tennis tournament this(B)7.What is the man's suggestion?year.力A.Buying new clothes.M:Ah,actually,I was just about to call you.I broke myB.Giving away old clothes.arm a couple of days ago.So I won't be able to playC.Making their own clothes.tennis.Sorry.(1)eText 6第(A)2.Where are the speakers most probably?第W:Our closet is pretty messy.I can't find myA.In a store.white dress.(6)We should do something.B.At home.努M:You read my mind.I can never find what I'mC.In a librarylooking for in there.听力材料Text2努W:Let's get organized.This will make our morningW:Take a look at this handbag on the shelf.(2)routine easier and faster.听I've been wanting one like this for ages.M:That's a great idea.We can donate what weM:It is fantastic!Just buy it.(2)力don't need.(7)W:Look at the price tag.(2)I really can't afford it.W:OK.We could make this a productive weekeng感M:It's a deal.(B)3.What are the speakers talking about?听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。第A.Giving a present.第(A)8.How does the woman sound in the beginning?B.Having a party.A.Annoyed.B.Bored.C.SadC.Picking up a hobby.部(B)9.What does the man encourage the woman to do?A.Make a decision.分听力材料Text3B.Focus on her goals.W:Rick's birthday is coming up.How aboutC.Show off her phone.throwing a sports-themed party for him this(C)10.What determines people's value according to theyear?(3)woman?力M:Great!Rick will definitely love it.He likes力A.Their material possessionsplaying basketball,and he still wears theB.Their accomplishments.basketball shoes I gave him on his last birthday.C.Their inner qualities.3

A4 One possible version:详见答案解析页本期Dear schoolmates,第(C)4.When will the meeting start?As we strive for academic excellence,let us not forget the powerA.At 3 pm.of gratitude in nurturing our mind and body.Thus,the Students'A版B.At 3:30 pm.Union will present an initiative titled "Embracing Gratitude",aimed at fostering a heartfelt appreciation for all that enriches ourlives.努C.At 4 pm.听力材料Text4参The importance of gratitude cannot be overstated.It cultivates apositive mindset and fosters deeper connections with others.M:How long will it take us to get there?I have a答案Furthermore,gratitude inspires generosity and kindness.Whenwe recognize the good in others,we are more likely to pay it听meeting at 3 pm.forward,engaging in acts of service that enrich our communities.W:Well,Mr Carter,it should take another halfLet's make gratitude a daily habit and create a schoolhour.community where hearts are filled with gratitude.The Students'Unio厚M:In that case,I'll put the meeting off till 4 pm.(4)第(A)5.What does the man mean?美报社A.He may return the shirt.B.He will find out the priceEARNING ENGLISH努C.He needs to lose weight.新课程听力材料Text5高三课标W:Jack,I bought a shirt for you.M:Thank you!And I hope you kept the receipt.第21期Unit 4-Unit 5(选择性必修)Book4力I've put on some weight.(5)B版g第一节第(C)1.Why does the man apologize?第第二节听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。A.He did not call the woman.B.He broke the woman's arm.(A)6.What is the woman doing?分C.He cannot play tennis with the woman.听力材料Text1分A.Looking for a dress.B.Cleaning the closet.C.Doing some shopping.听W:Hello,Larry!It's me,Julie.I was wondering whetheryou'll partner with me for the tennis tournament this(B)7.What is the man's suggestion?year.力A.Buying new clothes.M:Ah,actually,I was just about to call you.I broke myB.Giving away old clothes.arm a couple of days ago.So I won't be able to playC.Making their own clothes.tennis.Sorry.(1)eText 6第(A)2.Where are the speakers most probably?第W:Our closet is pretty messy.I can't find myA.In a store.white dress.(6)We should do something.B.At home.努M:You read my mind.I can never find what I'mC.In a librarylooking for in there.听力材料Text2努W:Let's get organized.This will make our morningW:Take a look at this handbag on the shelf.(2)routine easier and faster.听I've been wanting one like this for ages.M:That's a great idea.We can donate what weM:It is fantastic!Just buy it.(2)力don't need.(7)W:Look at the price tag.(2)I really can't afford it.W:OK.We could make this a productive weekeng感M:It's a deal.(B)3.What are the speakers talking about?听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。第A.Giving a present.第(A)8.How does the woman sound in the beginning?B.Having a party.A.Annoyed.B.Bored.C.SadC.Picking up a hobby.部(B)9.What does the man encourage the woman to do?A.Make a decision.分听力材料Text3B.Focus on her goals.W:Rick's birthday is coming up.How aboutC.Show off her phone.throwing a sports-themed party for him this(C)10.What determines people's value according to theyear?(3)woman?力M:Great!Rick will definitely love it.He likes力A.Their material possessionsplaying basketball,and he still wears theB.Their accomplishments.basketball shoes I gave him on his last birthday.C.Their inner qualities.3

活中有时会形成一种偏见。三句话都指向了“偏见”这个词。学生在立意时，可围绕“偏见”展开写作，可以写偏见的危害，也可以分析产生偏见的原因，也可以讨论如何避免产生偏见，等等。(二)参考立意①打破人际壁垒从抛却自身偏见开始；②要全面客观地看待他人与事物，不可怀有偏见；③摒弃偏见，开阔心胸；等等。【题意评分解说】题意评分等级文章特征一类文A.紧扣材料，选准角度，立意准确。B.写作重点突出，联系材料和现实生活，内54~60分容充实，感悟深刻，表达精彩，亮点突出。C.文体特征鲜明。符合二类文A.紧扣材料，选准角度，立意准确。B.写作重点较突出，联系材料和现实生活，题意4853分内容较充实，感悟较深刻，表达流畅，有一些亮点。C.文体特征鲜明。三类文A.能扣住材料，立意符合材料。B.写作重点不够突出，感悟不够深刻，内容和结42~47分构较完整，语言淡，逻辑性一般。C.文体特征较鲜明。基本四类文A.没有扣住材料写作，有自己的一些感悟，但立意不够准确。B.写作重点不突符合36~41分出，内容空洞，结构不完整，语言不流畅，逻辑混乱。C.文体特征不鲜明。题意A.部分偏离题意的，酌情给分(21~35分)。B.完全离题的，酌情给分(0~20偏离五类文分)。完全脱离材料内容，完全忽略写作要求，完全没有文体意识，仅选取材料、题意35分及以下写作任务或写作要求的只言片语展开写作，思想不健康，观点错误。【补充说明】1.错别字等扣分缺标题扣2分；每1个错别字扣1分，重复的不计；标点错误多的，酌情扣分。2.字数等扣分①600字或以上的文章，按评分标准评分，扣字数分。（每少50个字扣1分）②600字以下的文章，30分以下评分，不再扣字数分。③400字或以下的文章，20分以下评分，不再扣字数分。④200字或以下的文章，10分以下评分，不再扣字数分。⑤只写一两句话的，给1分或2分，不评0分。⑥只写标题的，给2分，不评0分。与作文完全无关，甚至是调侃考试、调侃评卷老师的内容可以打0分。⑦完全空白的，评0分。▣h【高三语文·参考答案第4页（共4页）】

活中有时会形成一种偏见。三句话都指向了“偏见”这个词。学生在立意时，可围绕“偏见”展开写作，可以写偏见的危害，也可以分析产生偏见的原因，也可以讨论如何避免产生偏见，等等。(二)参考立意①打破人际壁垒从抛却自身偏见开始；②要全面客观地看待他人与事物，不可怀有偏见；③摒弃偏见，开阔心胸；等等。【题意评分解说】题意评分等级文章特征一类文A.紧扣材料，选准角度，立意准确。B.写作重点突出，联系材料和现实生活，内54~60分容充实，感悟深刻，表达精彩，亮点突出。C.文体特征鲜明。符合二类文A.紧扣材料，选准角度，立意准确。B.写作重点较突出，联系材料和现实生活，题意4853分内容较充实，感悟较深刻，表达流畅，有一些亮点。C.文体特征鲜明。三类文A.能扣住材料，立意符合材料。B.写作重点不够突出，感悟不够深刻，内容和结42~47分构较完整，语言淡，逻辑性一般。C.文体特征较鲜明。基本四类文A.没有扣住材料写作，有自己的一些感悟，但立意不够准确。B.写作重点不突符合36~41分出，内容空洞，结构不完整，语言不流畅，逻辑混乱。C.文体特征不鲜明。题意A.部分偏离题意的，酌情给分(21~35分)。B.完全离题的，酌情给分(0~20偏离五类文分)。完全脱离材料内容，完全忽略写作要求，完全没有文体意识，仅选取材料、题意35分及以下写作任务或写作要求的只言片语展开写作，思想不健康，观点错误。【补充说明】1.错别字等扣分缺标题扣2分；每1个错别字扣1分，重复的不计；标点错误多的，酌情扣分。2.字数等扣分①600字或以上的文章，按评分标准评分，扣字数分。（每少50个字扣1分）②600字以下的文章，30分以下评分，不再扣字数分。③400字或以下的文章，20分以下评分，不再扣字数分。④200字或以下的文章，10分以下评分，不再扣字数分。⑤只写一两句话的，给1分或2分，不评0分。⑥只写标题的，给2分，不评0分。与作文完全无关，甚至是调侃考试、调侃评卷老师的内容可以打0分。⑦完全空白的，评0分。▣h【高三语文·参考答案第4页（共4页）】

2.关于生产力和私有制、阶级、国家的产生，对其内在关系分析正确的选项是（）③墨子的理想社会里，存在着等互助的劳动关系②老子的理想社会里，③古罗马文明时期，A.①③②中国战国时期，私有制逐渐确立起来，社会贫富分化加剧A.0②①中国秦汉时期，手工业进一步发展，冶铁业逐渐成为最重要手工业部门国、两晋几个朝代。下列判断正确的是（D.生产力发展→私有制产生→阶级产生→国家产生司一C.私有制产生→阶级产生→国家产生→生产力发展B.生产力发展→阶级产生→国家产生→私有制产生A.阶级产生→国家产生→私有制产生→生产力发展A.①②③人类面对自然走出了被动的局面①人类以打制石器作为农作工具农作物，意味着）一时期的中国经历了从奴隶社会到封建社会B.①④B.①④铁制农具得到了广泛使用和推广，耕作技术明显进步B.①③人类迈进了文明社会的门槛高一政治第1页（共6页）第I卷（选择题）高一政治试卷C.②③C.②③C.②④①农业生产力发展和社会生活进步②人类迈入了文明时代的门槛会的发展，经历了春秋、战国、秦汉、三0.③④D.②④D.③④

2.关于生产力和私有制、阶级、国家的产生，对其内在关系分析正确的选项是（）③墨子的理想社会里，存在着等互助的劳动关系②老子的理想社会里，③古罗马文明时期，A.①③②中国战国时期，私有制逐渐确立起来，社会贫富分化加剧A.0②①中国秦汉时期，手工业进一步发展，冶铁业逐渐成为最重要手工业部门国、两晋几个朝代。下列判断正确的是（D.生产力发展→私有制产生→阶级产生→国家产生司一C.私有制产生→阶级产生→国家产生→生产力发展B.生产力发展→阶级产生→国家产生→私有制产生A.阶级产生→国家产生→私有制产生→生产力发展A.①②③人类面对自然走出了被动的局面①人类以打制石器作为农作工具农作物，意味着）一时期的中国经历了从奴隶社会到封建社会B.①④B.①④铁制农具得到了广泛使用和推广，耕作技术明显进步B.①③人类迈进了文明社会的门槛高一政治第1页（共6页）第I卷（选择题）高一政治试卷C.②③C.②③C.②④①农业生产力发展和社会生活进步②人类迈入了文明时代的门槛会的发展，经历了春秋、战国、秦汉、三0.③④D.②④D.③④

9.下列实验装置、操作均正确且能达到相应实验目的的是A.每个普鲁士白晶胞的面上含有12个CNB.充放电时晶胞中价态改变的元素仅有Fe光洁的铜丝C.充电过程中若一个晶胞有5个Fe2+,则该晶胞中Na的数目为5D.1mol普鲁士黄晶胞转化为1mol普鲁士蓝晶胞，转移电子数为2N13.由我国科研人员设计的将脱除S02的反应与制备H,0,相结合的协同转化装置如图。在电场作用下，双极膜中间层的H,0解离为OH和H*,并向两极迁移。下列说法正确的是①A.观察氯化钠的焰色B.除去废铁屑表面的油C.利用绿矾晶体制备D.为装有KMnO,溶液的S0,双极膜试验FeSO滴定管排尖嘴中的气泡HO10.短周期元素X、Y、Z、W、E的原子序数依次增大，X的一种核素无中子，Y、Z、W均位于X的下一光催化S03OHH202、周期，E、W位于同一主族。由它们组成的某物质的结构式如图所示。下列说法错误的是A.最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性：Yc(Cl-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)晶胞结构的分析方法普鲁士黄普鲁士蓝普鲁土白B.ROH溶液的浓度为0.1mol·LFeFe(CN)FeFe(CN)FeFe(CN)C.K,(ROH)的数量级为10-6102550 VHCl(aq))/mL●NaoFe2或FerD.c点溶液中：c(Cl-)=2c(R+)+2c(ROH)B一2高考领航卷·化学1鉴

9.下列实验装置、操作均正确且能达到相应实验目的的是A.每个普鲁士白晶胞的面上含有12个CNB.充放电时晶胞中价态改变的元素仅有Fe光洁的铜丝C.充电过程中若一个晶胞有5个Fe2+,则该晶胞中Na的数目为5D.1mol普鲁士黄晶胞转化为1mol普鲁士蓝晶胞，转移电子数为2N13.由我国科研人员设计的将脱除S02的反应与制备H,0,相结合的协同转化装置如图。在电场作用下，双极膜中间层的H,0解离为OH和H*,并向两极迁移。下列说法正确的是①A.观察氯化钠的焰色B.除去废铁屑表面的油C.利用绿矾晶体制备D.为装有KMnO,溶液的S0,双极膜试验FeSO滴定管排尖嘴中的气泡HO10.短周期元素X、Y、Z、W、E的原子序数依次增大，X的一种核素无中子，Y、Z、W均位于X的下一光催化S03OHH202、周期，E、W位于同一主族。由它们组成的某物质的结构式如图所示。下列说法错误的是A.最高价氧化物对应的水化物的酸性：Yc(Cl-)>c(OH-)>c(H+)晶胞结构的分析方法普鲁士黄普鲁士蓝普鲁土白B.ROH溶液的浓度为0.1mol·LFeFe(CN)FeFe(CN)FeFe(CN)C.K,(ROH)的数量级为10-6102550 VHCl(aq))/mL●NaoFe2或FerD.c点溶液中：c(Cl-)=2c(R+)+2c(ROH)B一2高考领航卷·化学1鉴

24.Whatdoesthewriterwantto express inParagraph1？A.Theyfeel scared flyingin theout-spaceC.They are awed bytheview of theearthB.They arehomesick in the space shuttle.D.They feel excited to explore theuniverse.25.What's the main function of Paragraph 3?A.Setting the stage for further discussion.B.Summarizing themain idea of the text.C.Providing data for thewriter's argumentD.Introducing differentideas on human impact.26.Accordingto thelastparagraph,which of the following statements does thewriter agreewith?A.It's not clear whathumanscan do to nature.B.The earth is strong enough to support more lives.C.Human beings are not the only creature of the earth.D.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit'stoolate27.What is the best title of the text?A.FlyingtotheFutureB.GoingGreenwith OurEarthC.AGlimpse ofHomeD.MyExperienceasanAstronautCEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,a recentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldlive an additional 13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes（豆类），aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthe findingsofa newanalysisofthedietsofnearly 400.0o0UKadultspublishedMonday in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition rather shocking:Eating veggies,especiallycooked ones,doesn'treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseover time.“Ourlargestudydidnotfind evidence for aprotective effect ofvegetableintakeontheoccurrence of CV(cardiovascular disease),"saidQiFeng,an epidemiologist at theUniversityofOxford,in a statement.Whilethe studyfound eatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetables didnot.Anybenefitwent awaywhenresearchersfactored in lifestyle factors suchasphysical activity,educational level,smoking,drinking,fruit intake,redandprocessed meatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitamin supplements.Instead,our analysesshow thatthe seeminglyprotectiveeffect of vegetable intakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobe accounted forbybias（偏差）·.·relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomic situation andlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don't start celebratingyet,veggiehaters.Experts in theUKandUnited Statesquicklytookexception to the study's conclusion.“Althoughthis studyfound thateatingmorevegetableswasn't associatedwith alowerrisk of heart and circulatory diseases once other lifestyleand other factorswere takenintoaccount,thatdoesn'tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,"saidVictoriaTaylor,a seniordietitian at theBritish Heart Foundation,in a statement."The results are not surprising.Picking out one single componentand assuming justaddingit to the diet,e.g.vegetables,is not likely to resultin the desired effect," AliceLichtenstein，director and senior scientist at Tufts University's Cardiovascular NutritionLaboratory,toldCNNin anemail.“One thing that hasbecome clear over thepastdecadeiswe shouldnotbelooking atsingle foods or nutrients rather thewholedietarypattern,"saidLichtenstein.

24.Whatdoesthewriterwantto express inParagraph1？A.Theyfeel scared flyingin theout-spaceC.They are awed bytheview of theearthB.They arehomesick in the space shuttle.D.They feel excited to explore theuniverse.25.What's the main function of Paragraph 3?A.Setting the stage for further discussion.B.Summarizing themain idea of the text.C.Providing data for thewriter's argumentD.Introducing differentideas on human impact.26.Accordingto thelastparagraph,which of the following statements does thewriter agreewith?A.It's not clear whathumanscan do to nature.B.The earth is strong enough to support more lives.C.Human beings are not the only creature of the earth.D.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit'stoolate27.What is the best title of the text?A.FlyingtotheFutureB.GoingGreenwith OurEarthC.AGlimpse ofHomeD.MyExperienceasanAstronautCEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,a recentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldlive an additional 13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes（豆类），aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthe findingsofa newanalysisofthedietsofnearly 400.0o0UKadultspublishedMonday in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition rather shocking:Eating veggies,especiallycooked ones,doesn'treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseover time.“Ourlargestudydidnotfind evidence for aprotective effect ofvegetableintakeontheoccurrence of CV(cardiovascular disease),"saidQiFeng,an epidemiologist at theUniversityofOxford,in a statement.Whilethe studyfound eatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetables didnot.Anybenefitwent awaywhenresearchersfactored in lifestyle factors suchasphysical activity,educational level,smoking,drinking,fruit intake,redandprocessed meatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitamin supplements.Instead,our analysesshow thatthe seeminglyprotectiveeffect of vegetable intakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobe accounted forbybias（偏差）·.·relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomic situation andlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don't start celebratingyet,veggiehaters.Experts in theUKandUnited Statesquicklytookexception to the study's conclusion.“Althoughthis studyfound thateatingmorevegetableswasn't associatedwith alowerrisk of heart and circulatory diseases once other lifestyleand other factorswere takenintoaccount,thatdoesn'tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,"saidVictoriaTaylor,a seniordietitian at theBritish Heart Foundation,in a statement."The results are not surprising.Picking out one single componentand assuming justaddingit to the diet,e.g.vegetables,is not likely to resultin the desired effect," AliceLichtenstein，director and senior scientist at Tufts University's Cardiovascular NutritionLaboratory,toldCNNin anemail.“One thing that hasbecome clear over thepastdecadeiswe shouldnotbelooking atsingle foods or nutrients rather thewholedietarypattern,"saidLichtenstein.

24.Whatdoesthewriterwantto express inParagraph1？A.Theyfeel scared flyingin theout-spaceC.They are awed bytheview of theearthB.They arehomesick in the space shuttle.D.They feel excited to explore theuniverse.25.What's the main function of Paragraph 3?A.Setting the stage for further discussion.B.Summarizing themain idea of the text.C.Providing data for thewriter's argumentD.Introducing differentideas on human impact.26.Accordingto thelastparagraph,which of the following statements does thewriter agreewith?A.It's not clear whathumanscan do to nature.B.The earth is strong enough to support more lives.C.Human beings are not the only creature of the earth.D.Wemustactnowtotakecareofnaturebeforeit'stoolate27.What is the best title of the text?A.FlyingtotheFutureB.GoingGreenwith OurEarthC.AGlimpse ofHomeD.MyExperienceasanAstronautCEatingaplant-baseddiethasbeenshowntobeverygoodforyourheartandyouroverallhealth.Infact,a recentstudyfoundayoungpersoncouldlive an additional 13yearsbyeatingmorevegetablesandlegumes（豆类），aswellaswholegrains,fruitandnuts.Whichmakesthe findingsofa newanalysisofthedietsofnearly 400.0o0UKadultspublishedMonday in the journal Frontiers in Nutrition rather shocking:Eating veggies,especiallycooked ones,doesn'treduceyourriskofheartdiseaseover time.“Ourlargestudydidnotfind evidence for aprotective effect ofvegetableintakeontheoccurrence of CV(cardiovascular disease),"saidQiFeng,an epidemiologist at theUniversityofOxford,in a statement.Whilethe studyfound eatingrawveggiescouldprotectagainstheartdisease,cookedvegetables didnot.Anybenefitwent awaywhenresearchersfactored in lifestyle factors suchasphysical activity,educational level,smoking,drinking,fruit intake,redandprocessed meatconsumption,anduseofmineralandvitamin supplements.Instead,our analysesshow thatthe seeminglyprotectiveeffect of vegetable intakeagainstCVDriskisverylikelytobe accounted forbybias（偏差）·.·relatedtodifferencesinsocioeconomic situation andlifestyle,”Fengsaid.Don't start celebratingyet,veggiehaters.Experts in theUKandUnited Statesquicklytookexception to the study's conclusion.“Althoughthis studyfound thateatingmorevegetableswasn't associatedwith alowerrisk of heart and circulatory diseases once other lifestyleand other factorswere takenintoaccount,thatdoesn'tmeanweshouldstopeatingvegetables,"saidVictoriaTaylor,a seniordietitian at theBritish Heart Foundation,in a statement."The results are not surprising.Picking out one single componentand assuming justaddingit to the diet,e.g.vegetables,is not likely to resultin the desired effect," AliceLichtenstein，director and senior scientist at Tufts University's Cardiovascular NutritionLaboratory,toldCNNin anemail.“One thing that hasbecome clear over thepastdecadeiswe shouldnotbelooking atsingle foods or nutrients rather thewholedietarypattern,"saidLichtenstein.

8新文化运动鹅间，陈独秀力主推翻孔学，改革伦理。钱玄同不仅赞成这一主张，而且还认为“欲废C.是每个印第安家庭的独立住宅孔学，不可不先废汉文“。这D.有助于祭司观察天象并且祭祀太阳神A.批判地继承了传统的儒家文化3.工业革命时期，英国的工业区兴起了一种在星期日传播知识的学校，该学校主要招收童工。这些B.体现了近代救亡图存道路的探索童工每周工作6天，只有周日能够来到学校学。学校的老师来自劳动家庭，他们除传播宗教道C.说明新文化运动已背离了初衷德之外，还向学生传授知识和劳动技能。这说明D.凸显了反对旧的封建文学的意向A.改良蒸汽机技术得到迅速传播9.1936年，杨尚昆指出：“三大红军主力会合，在数量上固然会大大地增加起来，成为一极大的红军，B.工业革命促进了教育的发展同时质量上的加强，其程度是不可测量的。三个方面军都有极其丰富的斗争经验，有各种军事上C,政府在社会公共基础领域缺位的特长，会合之后，就将要融合为一。”对此理解正确的是D.工人阶级生活条件得到改善A.中共从此有了明确的民主革命目标14《俄入侵的天堂：拉丁美洲环境史》一书中指出·欧洲人带去了旧大陆的牲畜，以及种子和野草。B.长征推动中国革命重心的转移由此，拉丁美洲事实性地变成了肉类和经济作物的集中出产地。这一变动C.三个方面军是反对日本侵略的主力A.使拉美沦为欧洲原料产地濰D.万里长征提升了红军的战斗力B.推动了拉美不同族群融合湾10.1950年夏，中央人民政府颁行《中华人民共和国土地改革法》。到1952年底，全国约3亿无地少C.加速了拉美的工业化转型地的农民分得约？亿亩土地和大量生产资料，免向地主交？00亿斤粮食的地租，农民种粮热情高D.客观上利于拉美文化重建熘涨起来。这15.下图是英国学者马丁·吉尔伯特在《美国历史地图》中描绘的1948一1965年美国对外经济和军A.为我国逐步实现工业化扫除了障碍事援助概况图。这些援助B.促进我国粮食生产实现完全自给C,标志着我国国民经济得到全面恢复。恶蓝，入D.推动我国完成向社会主义的过渡11.《汉谟拉比法典》规定，如果房屋倒塌砸死房主，建造者应该被处死；如果倒塌导致主人的儿子被砸死，建造者的儿子就应该被处死。这些规定做/小避A.宣示了王权的至高无上竖觉B.有利于维护奴隶主的特权A推动了世界和与发展C.有助于确保建筑工程质量B.完全服务于冷战政策D.体现了村镇建设的独特性C.加剧了全球的南北差距12.下图是以游猎为生的印第安人的民居。这些直径约4米、高度约为3米的圆锥形帐篷D.具有明显的政治色彩16.西欧国家的福利制度从20世纪50年代至70年代均呈现出繁茱发展的局面。当时，这些国家的公共支出占国内生产总值的1/5一1/3。由此可推知，西欧国家的福利制度A.实现了社会的公正义B.改变了贫富悬殊的现状A.有利于印加居民对玉米的储存C.深受国家干预主义政策影响B.承载了丰富的印第安文化和历史信息D.有助于提高民众工作积极性8一2高考领航卷·历定1批递著

2024年秋季学期高二年级校联体第一次联考物理（试卷总分100分，考试时间75分钟）注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。一、单项选择题（本大题共7小题，每小题4分，共28分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。）1.如图，将带正电荷Q的导体球C靠近不带电的导体。若沿虚AB线1将导体分成A、B两部分，这两部分所带电荷量分别为QQ：若沿虚线2将导体分成两部分，这两部分所带电荷量分别为Q和Q。下列说法正确的是A.QA＜QB,Q=QBB.Q和Q带负电，QB和Q带正电C.在导体球C的作用下，导体中的自由电子向B移动，使B带上负电D.在导体球C的作用下，导体中的带正电的离子向A移动，使A带上正电2.如图所示，两根绝缘细线挂着两个质量均为m且不带电的小球A和B，此时上、下细线受力的大小分别为T、TB。如果使A带正电，B带负电，上、下细线受力的大小分别是T、TB'。下列说法正确的是A.T'<2mgB.TA=2mgC.TB

17.(15分)18.(17分)2024年巴黎奥运会上，中国体育代表团获得40金27银24铜.某校为让学生了解更多有关奥运在面直角坐标系xOy中，已知M是一个动点，过点M且与直线L:y=-5x行的直线与直线会的知识，举行了答题闯关活动，第一关有10道题，且每一题都要作答，每道题答对得5分，否则':y=√5x相交于点A(点A位于第一象限)，过M且与直线'行的直线与直线L粗交于点B(怠得0分；第二关有几道题，依次作答，每答对一题继续答下一题、一旦答错或题目答完则结束答题，每道题答对得10分，否则得0分小军第一关每题答对的概率均为7，第二关每题答对的概率B位于第四象限)，如图，且四边形0AMB的面积为，动点M的轨迹为脯线C(1)求C的方程.均为子，设小军第一关答题的总得分为X,第二关答题的总得分为上(2)过点D(2,0)的直线1，与C相交于P,Q两点，是否存在定直线2：x=,使得以PQ为直径的(1)求X的数学期望：网与直线相交于E,F两点，且是定值？者存在，求棉：的值；若不存在，请说明理由(2)求Y的数学期望：(3)若小军第二关的总得分Y的数学期望高于第一关的总得分X的数学期望，求的最小值，(1n2≈0.693，ln3≈1.099)家如长必童金考卷家器1高考领航香·数学3一3

二、选择题Ⅱ（本大题共7题，每小题3分，共21分。每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分）18.唯物史观和剩余价值学说奠定了科学社会主义的理论基石，使社会主义实现了由空想到科学的伟大飞跃。科学社会主义相比空想社会主义的进步性体现在①揭露资本主义的端，设计未来社会的美好蓝图②找到消灭资本主义社会和建立新社会的强大力量③主张阶级调和，反对通过阶级斗争进行社会变革①系统论述无产阶级政党的性质、任务和策略原则A. ①②B. ①③C.②④D.③④19.近代以来，中国人民在追求民族复兴的道路上进行了不懈的探索，也得出了许多结论。下列选项中史实与结论对应正确的是①辛亥革命前后诸多艰辛探索的失败一—在近代中国，资本主义道路走不通②党领导人民取得新民主主义革命的胜利——没有共产党就没有新中国A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④20.2024年的《开学第一课》以“可爱的中国”为主题，邀请各行各业杰出代表讲述接续奋斗、创新创造故事，展现新时代奋进者的家国情怀和使命担当。据此分析，这期节目的播放旨在①凝聚实现中华民族伟大复兴的青春力量②坚持和发展中国特色社会主义理论体系③汇聚民意以推进党的建设新的伟大工程④培养合格的社会主义事业建设者接班人A.①②B.①④C. ②③D.③④21.1840年，英舰炮火轰开国门；1895年，北洋水师败于口舰，近代屈辱激发中华民族强军梦。而今，2024年，中国海军焦作舰威仪穿越英吉利海峡，辽宁舰首抵日本领海毗连区，先进舰艇自信巡航国际水域，尽显中国海军之崛起。某班同学想以此为素材出板报，与我国发展理念相契合的标题是A.舰影破浪，国威重振B.铁骑入海，守卫各邦C.海疆霸主，重铸辉煌D.龙游四海，剑指列强22.从90多年前中国人首次踏上奥运舞台，到2024年巴黎奥运会上中国代表团获得的金牌总数位居榜首，这一辉煌成就不仅见证了无数奥运健儿的拼搏与汗水，更是中国人民不追求体育强国梦想、奋力实现中国梦的生动缩影。近百年的逐梦征程进一步证明了①中国梦归根到底是人民的梦，必须紧紧依靠人民来实现②中国梦是中华儿女的梦，离不开每·个中华儿女的奋斗③中国梦不仅能造福中国人民，也能够造福世界各国人民④中国人民有信心和能力实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④23.“十个明确”是中国特色社会主义思想最为核心关键的组成部分，是支撑中国特色社会主义思想的“四梁八柱”。对“十个明确”理解正确的是①中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是全过程人民民主②坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的总任务是实现社会主义现代化和中华民族伟大复兴③中国特色社会主义事业总体布局是四个全面，战略布局是五位一体④全面推进依法治国总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④24.从社会形态的变革看，人类社会历史发展的基本过程是从低级形态向高级形态依次更替，当·个口的社会形态衰亡时，代替它的新社会形态也不是任意的，而是由社会基本矛盾运动决定着。据此分析，下列说法正确的是①人类社会形态更替的多样性能通过统一性反映出来②受多种因素影响，各民族历史发展进程有其特殊性高一政治试题第4页（共6页）

永昌县第一高级中学2024一2025-1期中考试卷·高二政治参考答案、提示及评分细则1.B材料表明了哲学的重要性，哲学可以为人们提供世界观和方法论的指导，哲学探究的是整个世界最一般最普遍的规律，①④符合题意。材料不涉及哲学的来源，②不符合题意。正确的哲学可指导人们正确地认识世界和改造世界，③错误。2.D我们所需要的新哲学，…须是从中国本来的传统中生出的，这就需要从中国哲学传统中找到马克思主义哲学与中国哲学的贯通处和结合点；中国共产党推进马克思主义中国化，开辟马克思主义新境界，②④符合题意。马克思主义哲学作为真正的哲学对我国社会发展起指导作用而非支配作用，也不提供具体路径，①③不选。3.C坚持发扬斗争精神，全力战胜前进道路上各种困难和挑战，这是基于物质决定意识，意识可以能动地指导人们改造客观世界，②③符合题意。意识对客观存在的反映有正确与错误之分，①不选。战胜一切困难和挑战既要发挥主观能动性，还要尊重客观规律，④错误。4.C美国杜克大学开发出全球首款基于凝胶的软骨替代品，它比真实的软骨更坚固、更耐用，可用于修复膝盖，表明人们可以利用客观条件建立新的具体的联系，C正确。人为事物的联系和自在事物的联系都是客观的，不存在谁比谁更高级，A不选。人为事物的联系是实践的产物，B不选。固有的联系具有客观性，是不以人的意志为转移，是不能改变的，D不选。5.A一脉相承的战略路径体现事物都有前后相继的发展过程，①正确。由我国科技事业发展的百年历程可以看出事物发展的方向是前进的和上升的，②正确。事物的发展是量变与质变的统一，③错误。“改变事物发展的总趋势”说法错误，④不选。6.D总体上看，国际格局发展战略态势对我国有利，同时，共建“一带一路”国际环境日趋复杂，体现了要全面又要分清主流、支流，③正确；要抓住战略机遇，积极应对挑战，趋利避害，奋勇前进，说明承认矛盾普遍性，敢于承认并寻找正确方法解决矛盾，④正确；材料强调矛盾主次方面，未体现主次矛盾，①排除；材料没有涉及矛盾主次方面相互转化，②排除。7.B利用“中国天眼”(FAST),我国天文学家发现76颗偶发脉冲星，说明人类凭借认识工具促进认识发展，①正确；这些偶发脉冲星的辐射机制和物理性质还有待进一步的研究，但是“中国天眼”已经为我们提供了大量的观测数据和证据，说明感性认识有待于发展、深化为理性认识，③正确；认识发展具有无限性，且真理的发展并不是由认识的无限性决定的，②排除；材料强调感性认识上升到理性认识需要有大量的感性材料，而非反复思考，④排除。8.B漫画反映的是在研学旅游中存在“游而不学”的问题，因此要注重研究性学，融学于游，真正研有所学，①③正确；要将理论知识与实际应用相结合，达到知行合一，而不是让“行万里路”替代“读万卷书”，②错误；漫画不是强调应如何选择研学项目，④排除。9.B江苏深化市场化改革促进发展质量稳步提升，是基于改革是社会主义社会发展的直接动力，社会主义社会的基本矛盾是非对抗性的，可以通过改革来解决，①④符合题意；③夸大了意识的作用，不选；②与设问不构成因果关系，不选。10.D法律的修改属于上层建筑的调整，而不是属于生产关系的调整，排除①，②正确；上层建筑为先进经济基础服务时，它就能促进生产力发展，推动社会进步，③错误；法律属于社会意识范畴，法律的修改说明社会意识随着社会存在的变化发展而变化发展，④正确。11.C社会提供的客观条件是实现人生价值的前提，②错误；自觉站在最广大人民立场上，把人民群众的利益作为最高的价值标准，④错误。科技特派员扎根基层为广大农民及时化解疑难问题，为乡村振兴作出贡献，说明在劳动和奉献中实现人生价值，要在个人与社会的统一中实现人生价值，①③正确。12.A当前社会人生价值的评判标准是对社会的责任和贡献，剧中角色人物自强不息、有坚定的理想信念和责任担当，其正向价值观彰显了当前社会人生价值的评判标准；也说明应摆脱狭隘的自我，把个人价值的实【高二期中考试卷·政治参考答案第1页（共2页）】25-T-267B

2024一2025学年高二（上)质检联盟期中考试化学参考答案1.A2.C3.B4.D5.D6.C7.A8.B9.C10.D11.B12.A13.B14.C15.(1)①FeCl—Fe++3Cl(2分)②通过增大溶液中H+的浓度来抑制FeCl的水解（2分）③Fe3++3HO—Fe(OH)3（胶体)十3H+(2分)④氧化性(2分)(2)①强电解质(2分）②CaSO+CO²—CaCO+SO²(2 分);1.25 X104(2分)16.(1)便于观察锥形瓶中溶液颜色的变化(2分）(2)锥形瓶(2分）（3)KMnO可用作指示剂（或其他合理答案，2分）(4)6H++2MnO+5HO—2Mn++5O↑+8HO(2分);2 :5(2分)(5)16.176(2分)(6)CD(2分)17.(1)加快反应速率，提高原料的利用率(2分)OH+_HO+(HO)1 OH8+-O——OH+_HO0I+ +1()2CrO²+8HO(2分)(3)漏斗(1分)；引流(1分)(4)Cu(OH)(2分);取过滤后的滤液，向其中滴人KSCN溶液，若出现红色，则有Fe3+，反之，则无(2分)(5)>(1分)(6)①-lg c(SO²-)(2分)②1×10-4(2分)18.（1)①弱酸强碱盐（2分）②5(2分)③c(Na+)>c(CO²-)>c(OH)>c(HCO)>c(H+)(2分)④10-10.25(2分);8.31(2分)(2)①Mg（OH)—Mg++2OH（2分）②<(1分)③0(2分)【高二化学·参考答案第1页(共1页)】·25-144B·

尔最川珊本部分共5题,共58分。15. (10分)氯及其化合物在科研和工农业生产中有着广泛的应用。(1)基态原子价层电子轨道表示式是(2)三氯乙酸(CClCOOH)主要用作生物化学药品提取。①三氯乙酸的酸性强于乙酸，原因是②按如下示例，画出乙酸分子的空间结构模型：（示例：乙醇的空间结构模型可以表示为(3)聚氯乙烯广泛用于建筑管材等，由氯乙烯合成：nCH=CHCl-CF①合成反应为放热反应，说明碳碳间的π键与键中，更牢固的是②在CH=CHCI中，C的1个轨道与Cl的3p轨道重叠形成C-Clα键。(4)CHClCHCl是制备氯乙烯的原料。在含铜化合物A、B的作用下,HCl、O、乙烯转化为CHCICHCl,过程如图1所示。HCl、OCH_CICH_CLCLCH=CH图1图2①图2表示的是（填"A"或“B")的晶胞。②图2所示晶胞的形状为立方体，边长为anm。阿伏加德罗常数为N,该晶体的密度为g·cm-。(1 nm=10-7 om)高三化学试卷第5页（共9页）

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。16.In what season is the woman's birthday?11.What do we know about the man?A.Spring.合He has a big family,.待Summer.B.He runs a grocery store.C.Winter.C.He is in need of money.17.What does the man dislike?12.Why is the woman meeting the man?A.To fix her car.Opening gifts at the party.好To buy a car.B.Remembering every gift-giver.C.To rent a car.C.Writing thank-you letters to gift-givers.听力材料Text9M:This is the best birthday I've ever had!I'm sosatisfied that so many people came.Last year Ifelt a little lonely.(14)13.How will the woman pay the man?W:That's because we were on vacation last year.A.In cash.You can't expect your friends to travel that far,B.By credit card.especially during the spring holidays.(14)款Through her phone..M:Yeah,right!W:I'm surprised to see Eric,though.He livesalmost two hours away.He must really like you.M:Eric has been my best friend since we were ingmiddle school.听力材料Text8W:Paul,right?Sorry for being late-I had troubleW:It's nice that you have so many friends.Youfinding the place.know,I can't wait to start planning my birthdayM:Hello.Yes,I'm Paul.So,this car is the oneparty now.I want to be the center of attentiondescribed on social media-that's where youto0.(15)first found it,right?(12)M:Well,you'll have to wait until June.(16)I,however,get to go home and open my presentsW:Exactly,and that's where I found your number.now.(17)There are so many.It's like ChristmasI read that you've had the car for almost aagain!decade without any problems.W:Why not just open them here?Most people openM:Yeah.Let's have a try.I've had this car for ages,their gifts at the party,you know.Sometimesbut I mainly used it to get groceries onpeople like to see how their gift is received.weekends.So,it's in perfect condition.W:Sounds pretty good.Why are you selling it?M:My family has been getting bigger,so this car istoo small for us.(11)W:Wow,it's perfect for me.I've been looking for aM:I know,but I don't like to have any audiencesecond-hand car like this.(12)I just got a newwhen I open gifts.I always feel hurried.I wantjob,so I don't have much money.to open them one at a time.Besides,my favoriteM:Well,I'm offering it at a discounted price ofpart is writing thank-you letters to everyone forS4,000.their gifts,but it's hard to remember who eachW:OK,it's a deal.How do I pay you?In cash?belongs to when I have to open so many gifts atonce.(17)M:I mentioned in the advertisement that Ipreferred a mobile payment.(13)W:Sure.That works for me too!(13)听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。14.Why was the man unsatisfied with his lastbirthday?18.What is the speaker's suggestion to people inA.He didn't go on vacationCharlotte?B.His best friend didn't turn up.A.Tying cars down.Few people celebrated it with himPreparing extra food and water.15.What does the woman like about the birthdayC.Leaving their home as soon as possibleparty?19.What was the weather like in the speaker's localA.Getting a lot of gifts.area in the last two weeks?Receiving others'attention.A.Windy.B.Sunny.Rainy.C.Playing together with friends.6

DHumans evolve（进化）from apes.This iswhat we learned in biology class.Butwhat came beforehumans evolved from fish.According to four articles published in the journal Nature in late September, Chinese researchersfound fish fossils that provide the“missing link” about the origin of the jaw (下颚), a key feature that 99.8percentofvertebrate（脊稚动物）specieshaveZhu Min, a lead researcher of the studies from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the findingsdrew a large amount of interest in the science world because of the importance of jaws in animal evolution.However, the rise of the jaw had been a secret for a lack of enough fossil evidence to support thatjawedvertebrateslived450millionyearsagoThe latest findings made by Zhu's team presented a set of five surprisingly well-preserved fish fossilsthat included three whole-bodied fish, helping scientists paint a more correct evolutionary picture of theorigin of the jaw. The fish fossils were discovered at two places in Chongqing and Guizhou, whose strata(岩层）date back to the Silurian Time（志留纪) that began around 440 million years ago.These fossils show that jawed fish were already rising in the world's ancient oceans at that time.Later, more different and larger jawed fish evolved and began to spread around the world, paving the wayfor some fish to finally go on land and evolve into other animals — including humans."These fossils provide a good opportunity to understand the ‘dawn of fish' and help scientists tracemany human body structures back to these ancient fish thus filling some key gaps in the evolutionaryhistory of how fish evolved into humans," Zhu saidA.EntertainmentB.AnimalsC.ScienceD.History33.Why did the findings draw a large amount of interest in the science world?A.Because there is a lack of fish fossils.B. Because jaws are a key feature of all speciesC. Because the missing of the jaw had been a mysteryD. Because jaws are significant while animals evolve34. What does the underlined phrase “at that time” refer to?A. Around 440 million years ago.B.Around 450 million years ago.C. When fish evolved into humans.D.When jawed fish began to spread around the world.35.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Who Are Our Ancestors?B.What CameBefore Apes?C. The Origin of the JawD.Key Steps in Evolution第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Develop Courage by Overcoming Daily FearsSometimes when thinking of courage, we think it only applies to rare and uncommon situations. Yetour ordinary lives can also be full of courage, even if we are not facing the end of a gun, a wild animal or adangerous criminal（罪犯）Courage doesn't just mean doing heroic acts._36_In fact, where there isfear on a daily basis, there are opportunities for you to show your courage. Here are some suggestions todevelop courage by overcoming daily fears.高二英语学科试题第5页（共8页）

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