名5.一列简谐波沿x轴传播，=0时刻的波形如图中实线所示，t=3s时的入4mAy/cm形如图中虚线所示，该简谐波的振动周期大于3$，下列说法正确的是At=0时刻位于原点的质点一定向上振动B.该列波的最大波速为1m/s为源C.该列波的频率为0.25Hz子中有种D.该列波一定沿x轴正方向传播6.在匀强磁场中，一个60匝的闭合矩形金属线框绕与磁↑/Wb感线垂直的转轴匀速转动，穿过该线框的磁通量随时间0.05成余弦函数变化的图像如图所示，下列说法正确的是1.52×102s)0A在t=5×10-3s时，线框处于中性面位置足在t=1.5×102s时，线框中感应电动势为零-0.05S线框中产生的感应电动势有效值为150√2π(V)设线框中产生的感应电动势瞬时值的表达式为e=300πcos(100πt)(V)只7如图所示，等腰△MPQ的底边长为2x,∠M=∠Q=30°。在M点固定一条长直导线，电流方狗垂直纸面向里；在Q点固定一条长直导线，电流方向垂直纸面向外，两导线中的电流大以测的小均为1。已知在无限长通电直导线产生的磁场中某点的蓝感应强度大小可用公式B-(k是常数，1是导线中的电流强度，r是该点到直导线的距离)表示，则P点的磁感应强度大小为A盟6M@-C23k13xD33128.三星堆遗址考古新发现让古蜀文明一醒惊天下。考古学家利用放射性元素C的半衰期来确定文物的年代，已知C能自发释放β射线，其半衰期约为5730年。下列说法正确的是以1C的衰变方程为C→N+9eβ衰变的本质是核内一个中子转化成一个质子和一个电子C.C的比结合能比N的大D随着全球变暖，C衰变周期减小BL9.某同学研究远距离输电的电路如图所示，，b端接人电压有效值为U的正弦交流电源，升压变压器T和降压变压器T,均为理想变压器，且=”。定值电阻R2和R消耗的功率均n2 n3为输电线电阻R消耗的功率的64倍，已知R,=R,=4R,电表均为理想交流电表，则下列说法正确的是A.电压表的示数为U。T0B升压变压器工的面数比号名R-Uo86A【高二物理第2页（共6页）】·22-05-480B·

Z0十5Hc1:CH0+H00104002640451018.图1图2(4)一定温度下，在刚性密闭容器中充人1 mol CO2和x mol H2,仅发生反应1，测得衡体系中CH.CHO的体积分数(p)与x关系如图2所示。在e,f,g、h4点中，CO2的转化率最高的是】2(填字每)，f点对应体系中H,O原子个数比接近)(5)一定温度下，在刚性密闭容器中充入2 mol CO2和5molH2,发生反应1和2，达到衡时测得CHCH0的选择性为80%，CO2的衡转化率为45%，总压强为560kPa反应1的衡常数K,=(只列计算式，不带单位)。n(CH:CHO)[已知：CH,CH0的选择性=m(CCHO)十n(CH)X10%,用组分的分压计算的衡常数为K。,分压=总压X物质的量分数](二)选考题：共15分。请考生从2道题中任选一题作答，并用2B铅笔将答题卡上所选题目对应的题号右侧方框涂黑，按所涂题号进行评分；多涂、多答，按所涂的首题进行评分；不涂，按本选考题的首题进行评分。17.[选修3：物质结构与性质](15分)镍在合金、炸药及推进剂等领域用途非常广泛。回答下列问题：(1)基态N+核外电子排布式为该元素位于元素周期表的区，同周期中，与基态Ni具有相同未成对电子数的元素有(填元素符号)。(2)Ni(C0)4(羰基镍)熔点为一19℃，沸点为43℃，溶于醇等多数有机溶剂，固态时羰基镍属于晶体，1 mol Ni(CO),含有molo键。(3)配合物[Ni(IMI)6](NO3)2可用作起爆药。①NO5的空间构型为形。②M(咪唑)的结构简式为，分子中碳原子的杂化方式为。分子中的大π键可用符号，表示，其中m代表参与形成大π键的原子数，n代表参与形成大π键的电子数（如苯分子中的大π键可表示为），则咪唑中的大π键应表示为(4)金属La、Ni形成的一种储氢材料，其晶胞结构如图所示。Ni。①该合金的化学式可表示为【高三化学第7页（共8页）】·22-11-220C·

D.若图乙的横坐标改成时间，则可表示受到适宜刺激后⑤的动作电位的形成和恢复的过程11.下列关于植物生长素的叙述，错误的是：A植物幼嫩叶片中的色氨酸可转变为生长素B.成熟茎韧皮部中的生长素可以进行非极性运输C.幼嫩细胞和成熟细胞对生长素的敏感程度相同D豌豆幼苗切段中乙烯的合成受生长素浓度的影响12.关于草原生态系统能量流动的叙述，错误的是：A.能量流动包括能量的输入、传递、转化和散失的过程B.分解者所需的能量可来自各营养级生物所储存的能量C.生态系统维持正常功能需要不断得到来自系统外的能量D.生产者固定的能量除用于自身呼吸外，其余均流入下一营养级二、不定项选择题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项符合题目要求，有的有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，选错的得0分。13.美国科学家阿格雷和麦金农因研究细胞膜中的通道蛋白获得诺贝尔奖。通道蛋白分为两大类：水通道蛋白和离子通道蛋白。阿格雷成功分离了水通道蛋白，麦金农测得K+通道蛋白的立体结构.如图为肾小管上皮细胞重吸收水分和K+通道蛋白的立体结构的示意图。下列与通道蛋白有关的叙述错误的是()】水通道细胞膜→细胞膜细胞核蛋白储存水通道通道蛋白K通道蛋白蛋白的泡A.通道蛋白或贯穿、或嵌入、或覆盖于磷脂双分子层B.K+通道蛋白运输物质的方式为易化扩散，不需要消耗ATPC.抗利尿激素对肾小管上皮细胞上水的通透性具有调节作用D.机体可通过调节细胞膜上通道蛋白的数量或开关来调节物质的运输14.半乳糖血症患者因缺乏一种酶，而使半乳糖积累，引起肝损伤、运动及智力障碍等。下图是某家族半乳糖血症的遗传系谱图，经基因检测，Ⅱ4带有致病基因，相关分析和判断正确的是(☐○正常男女●患病男女

二全国©0所名校高考模拟金典卷@⊙所名校高考模拟金典卷·英语参考答案（四一六）(四)题序123689101112131415答案ABABCAB题序161718192021222324252627282930答案BABCADBBADCDBDA题序313233343536373839404142434445答案CDCBDGECFBBAACD题序464748495051525354555657585960答案DBCDDBDACCD听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:Do you think the trip is worth going on?W:I'd say so.It lasts all day and we can get picked up from the hotel and they take us around theisland to look at the sights.The price includes everything.(Text 2)W:Peter,I bought this sun cream,but I think something is wrong.M:Why do you think so?W:It just feels and smells different.(Text 3)M:Would you mind my opening the window?I need some fresh air.W:I'm afraid I need to keep it quiet here.M:OK.It's up to you.(Text 4)W:So,you plan to start work after graduation?M:That's right.I think I'm going to look for a position working at a charity organization.W:Great!I want to help people,too.That's why I'm going on to a medical school.(Text 5)W:Why don't you go to bed,Jimmy?Are you reading that storybook?M:Oh,I just remembered I hadn't done my science homework yet.I'm searching online for some参考答案（四~六）第1页（答案共16页）【23新教材老高考·JD·英语】

22.B根据文章第二段中“Now I faced having to say goodbye to the children and workmates'"可知，B项符合语境。23.A因为作者是在援助机构工作，所以这份工作是既有挑战性又“有意义”，故选“rewarding”。24.B根据“had led the organization's doctor to order me to fly back home'”可知，作者是因为“健康”的原因，离开危地马拉。25.C作者十分“在乎”在一起的孩子和同事（所以才不忍离别）。26.D作者告别孩子和同事，一个人坐在公共汽车上自然感到“孤单”，同时和下文中的“Feelingmuch less alone”呼应。27.A作者在公共汽车上是“顾影自怜”的失落心情，故选“self-pity”。28.C这位老人在公共汽车上，应该是“拿着”一个旧包，故选“carried”。29.A这束花是用一张报纸仔细“包裹”的。30.D老人开心地和作者“聊”她的家庭，并且询问作者的家庭。31.C老人“起身”离开，故选“rose”。32.B根据文章第一段的首句可知，是老人下“公共汽车”之前。33.C因为老人给了作者一些花，这让作者觉得没有那么孤单了，“tightly”符合上下文的语境。34.D老人的言行对我是一个“提醒”：即便人生无常，生活中仍然能发现美、分享爱。35.B解析同34题。第二节36.which37.popularity38.into39.cultural40.was attracted41.bringing42.the43.to learn44.commonly45.Devoted第三部分写作第一节One possible version:Dear Caroline,I'm Li Hua,chairman of the school students'union.I am writing to tell you the one-daytour named A Date with China.We will first visit the city museum in the morning,which houses a collection of Chinesepaintings.After a short lunch break,we will go to a most-visited garden featuring Chinesearchitecture.You can enjoy a Peking Opera show there.We are gathering at the school gate at 8 a.m.on Sunday.Please make sure you all wearcomfortable shoes as we will do lots of walking.See you then.Yours,Li Hua英语试卷参考答案及解析第3页（共6页）

sportswear,Dad realized something,and this time he nodded.All the way,the two kids bouncedaround,laughing and chatting.He,along with Mum,recalled a lot of sweet memories in theiryouth.Upon arriving at the top,the three just pitched into the picnic in sheer pleasure.With thecool breeze,Dad gazed at them reflectively and suddenly realized that it's no longer disturbing tocelebrate birthday with the love of family.D篇【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斯坦福大学的研究人员开发了一种名为“自然灵感空中抓取器”的设备。配备该设备后，无人机能够四处飞行，捕捉和携带物体，并在各种表面栖息。32.细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“The researchers shot videos of smallparrots flying back and forth between special perches that contained sensors tomeasure the physical forces of landing,perching and takeoff.(研究人员拍摄了小鹦鹉在特殊群体之间来回飞行的视频，这些群体包含传感器，用于测量着陆、栖息和起飞的物理力。)”可知据研究人员是受到了鹦鹉的启发。故选A项。33.细节理解题。根据第五段的第一、二句话“Mechanisms in the robot's legs aredesigned to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force,theway that a bird's muscles would.As a result,a drone equipped with the device cangrasp something strongly in just20 milliseconds.(机器人腿上的机械装置被设计成吸收冲击能量，并被动地将其转化为抓取力，就像鸟类的肌肉那样。因此，配备该设备的无人机可以在20毫秒内强有力地抓住东西)”可知配备该设备的无人机能快速强有力的抓住物体，是因为机器人腿上的机械装置被设计得像鸟类的肌肉那样。故选D项。34.推理判断题。通读最后一段的最后两句“As this20l9 Smithsonian articleexplains,being able to land in various places helps drones to conserve energy thatwould expend by having to remain in the air.That's important,because the flighttime of robotic aircrafts is limited by their battery power.(正如2019年史密森尼学会的一篇文章所解释的那样，能够在不同的地方降落有助于节省由于必须留在空中而消耗的能量。这一点很重要，因为机器人飞机的飞行时间受到电池电量的限制。)”可知，而这项发明帮助机器人飞机节省由于必须留在空中而消耗的能量，从而解决此前机器人飞机的飞行时间受到电池电量的限制的问题。故选C项。35.主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中“Stanford University researchers havedeveloped a device called a nature-inspired aerial grasper,or SNAG,which can beattached to a quadcopter drone(四轴无人机)to give it feet and legs like those ofan eagle.(斯坦福大学的研究人员开发了一种名为“自然灵感空中抓取器”的设备，它可以被连接到四轴飞行器无人机上，使其拥有像鹰一样的脚和腿)”第四段中“SNAG has a3D-printed structure that imitates an eagle's lightweight bones”(自然灵感空中抓取器有一个三维打印结构，模仿老鹰轻量级的骨头)和第五段“Mechanisms in the robot'slegs are designed to absorb impact energy and passively change it into grasping force,the way that a bird's muscles would..”(机器人腿上的机械装置被设计成吸收冲击能量，并被动地将其转化为抓取力，就像鸟类的肌肉那样。)可知机器人飞机灵感来自于鸟，拥有像鹰一样的脚和腿，并且模仿了鸟类的肌肉，故机器人飞机真的很像鸟。故选B项。

第.节（分25分）阅读下7文.根内容篮a0人的内怀慨要Watering is key tgrowingel.oitmeans providing the wate eed uinwiely.Warpndsupplies in the UKare pressurefrom the eofcch,population nneed to protect the environment.Generally,several aspects nced to he considered.When to waterWater in the mornings,if you can,as this is when the sun comes up and plants()in sunlight,drawing water from the soil,through their roo,u thstEvening watering is also fine,as the cooler conditions mean less water is lost to evaporationWatering in the heat of the day is not a good idea,as much water is lost through evaporationosurface of the soil.Plants will use water more efficiently if watered in the cooler parts of the day.How to water%Watering thoroughly matters.It helps get the water down to the deeper root tips where it'sneeded.But,equally important,the soil doesn't have to be really wet all the time because plants rooisneed air as well as water to grow well.Otherwise,there might be no flower or fruit,and even a worseresult might come along.Other tipsTo use water in the most economical way,it's good to learn different plants'wateringrequirements.Fercontainer plant in hot sunny weather may need watering daila matur shrub wght ouly-aeed a drink in -extreme drought.Annual flowers and vegetables producedin the spring are likely to need more watering than self-sown or aurumn grown plants as they bavenew and shallow root systems.So,don't treat all the plants in the same way.英语试题第2页共12页

炎德·英才大联考湖南师大附中2023届高三月考试卷（一）英语得分本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）北做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出铷最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。酃例：How much is the shirt?A￡19.15德文B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.慰答案是C。1.What do we know about the speakers?A.They are at a store.EB.They are traveling somewhereC.They are on the way home.都2.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In a library.B.In a cafe.C.In a computer room.3.Why does old Peter need help?箭A.He had a cold.常解B.He is too oldC.He got hurt.4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Tom's work.B.Tom's fashion.C.Tom's health.5.When will the taxi arrive?A.In 10 minutes.B.Right now.C.In half an hour.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）终听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三郭个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What does the man think of the woman's new clothes?A.They are a great deal.B.They are too expensive.C.They are fashionable英语试题（附中版）第1页（共10页）

18.Which of the following caused the greatest problem for Tatyana at first?B.Her ehildren.C.Local citizerls.A.The language.19.Why did Tatyana go to Toastmasters International?A.To have fun.B.To improve her English.C.To make more friends.20.What does the speaker mention about Tatyana in the end?A.Her way to learn English.B.Her love for her hometown.C.Her impression of Canadians.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第-节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AReading can make you feel less alone and more connected with the world at large.It canopen your eyes to issues,successes and challenges that you never dreamed of,and take you tofaraway places.Here are the top books all teens should read before they turn 18.A Wrinkle in Time by Madeleine L'EngleThough this book recently became popular again because of the release of the movie ver-sion,the movie is not a substitute for this beautiful story about family and the process of be-coming who you truly are through the angle of space and time exploration.Wonder by R.J.PalacioAuggie was born with a facial difference that kept him out of school for years.In fifthgrade,he discovers what it's like to long for normalcy and also that difference can be the mostmeaningful teacher.Tto shasbeautiful poetry thatwilto toenagerabou erpr ofgrowing up in the South as an African-American in the 1960s and 1970s.The poems arecharged with the themes of self-awareness and identity.The Four Agreements by Don Miguel RuizThe attractive advice given in this book is perfect fo teenonoffto collegeor begin-ninga new stage of independence.It is a book that can be reread all throughout life withoutlosing its power.21.What is special about A Wrinkle in Time?A.It shows a teen's difference.B.It's about space exploration.C.It has been adapted for film.D It has opened teenagers'eyes.22.Whose book is based on personal experience?A.Jacqueline Woodson's.D.Rl J.Palacio's.C.Madeleine L'Engle's.D.Don Miguel Ruiz's.23.Which book is intended for teens stepping into a nove life?A.A Wrinkle in Iime.B.Wonder.C.Brown Girl Dreaming.D.The Four Agreements.

上来了！上来了！从左右两侧出击的突击队员，还有从主峰正面待机冲锋的步兵一排，一齐呐喊着，冲上了山顶！我们，终于站在了364高地主峰上！“注意搜索残敌！”梁三喜命令说。我放眼望去，山顶上敌堑壕里一片狼藉，空无一人。位于山顶右侧的炮阵地上，有十几门横倒竖歪的120迫击炮，遍地是待发的炮弹，还有那一箱箱未开封的炮弹箱摆在周围…这时，我才更觉出梁三喜判断的准确，决策的正确！如果不攻占这炮阵地，我们坚守在无名高地上是会全连覆没的！山顶上到处是巉岩怪石，我们沿着堑壕南边向西搜索。段雨国兴冲冲地来到我和梁三喜身边：“连长，指导员，胜利啦，我们终于胜利啦！这次战斗，能写个很好的电影剧本！”我望着段雨国那副乐样儿，真没想到他也攻上了主峰！“隐一蔽！”只听身后的梁三喜大喊一声，接着我便被他猛踹了一脚，我一头跌进堑壕里！跟着传来“哒哒哒”一阵枪响…当我从堑壕里抬头看时，啊！梁三喜一我们的连长倒下了」我不顾一切地扑过去。“连长！连长！”我一腚坐在地下，把他扶在我怀中…他微微睁开眼，右手紧紧攥着左胸上的口袋，有气无力地对我说：“这里…有我一张欠账单…”一句话没说完，他的头便歪倒在我的胳臂弯上，身子慢慢地沉了下去，他攥在左胸上的手也松开了…我一看，子弹打在他左胸上，打在了人体最要害的部位，打在了他的心脏旁！他的脸转眼间就变得蜡黄蜡黄…“连长！连长！”战士们围过来，哭喊着。“连一长！”段雨国扑到梁三喜身上号啕起来，“连长！怪我…都怪我呀…”梦，这该是场梦吧？战斗就要结束了，梁三喜怎么会这样离开我们！当理智告诉我，这一切已在瞬息间千真万确地发生了时，我紧紧抱着梁三喜，疯了似的哭喊着…讲到这儿，赵蒙生两手攥成拳捶打着头，泪涌如注。他已完全置身于当时的场景中了。(节选自《高山下的花环》)[注]《高山下的花环》是以1979年中越自卫反击战为背景创作的中篇小说，节选部分内容是赵蒙生回忆9连攻打越军阵地时的一场殊死战斗。6.下列对小说相关内容的理解，正确的一项是(3分)A.战士“北京”“弹药手”都没有出现真实姓名，说明连长、指导员在工作中过于粗枝大叶，对战士的情况了解不够。B.“我”没想到段雨国能攻上主峰，因为“我”缺乏战斗的经验，对战事判断不准，同时也表达了对段雨国时表现的不满。C.梁三喜用炮炸毁敌碉堡，掩护战士们顺利冲上山顶，“上来了！上来了！”表明了他们此时被胜利的喜悦冲昏了头脑。D.结尾写到“梦，这该是场梦吧？”，是因为“我”和众多战士不愿相信硬汉梁三喜已经牺牲的事实，是极度悲恸的心理表现。7.下列对小说艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是(3分)A.小说中“山顶上到处是巉岩怪石”的环境描写与“注意搜索残敌”这句话暗中呼应，为下文写梁三喜牺牲埋伏笔。B.小说以赵蒙生的回忆展开叙事，语言朴实顺畅，在张弛有度的叙述节奏中展现并讴歌了战争中的英雄群像。第4页共9页