5.肿瘤细胞可通过大量表达PD-L1,与T细胞表面的PD-1结合，抑制T细胞活化，逃避效应T细胞的攻击。下列叙述错误的是A.抗原呈递细胞能够摄取肿瘤抗原，并将其暴露于细胞膜上B.T细胞识别肿瘤抗原后增殖分化为效应T细胞和记忆细胞C.通过注射抗PD-L1的单克隆抗体，可解除T细胞的活化抑制D.效应T细胞在肿宿抗原的刺激下能产生抗体，抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖6.动物在寒冷刺激下，通过神经调节，使得棕色脂肪细胞会分泌神经调节蛋白4(NRG4),作用于靶细胞，加强脂肪的分解。下列判断错误的是A.NRG4是一种神经递质，能作用于棕色脂肪细胞B、体内棕色脂肪细胞属于神经调节的效应器C、NRG4与相应受体结合可调节靶细胞代谢D.NRG4具有特异性，具有微量高效的特点7.将核DNA链均被3H标记的水稻(2=24)幼根转到普通培养基中培养，定期检测根尖细胞中的放射性。下列叙述错误的是A、处于第一次分裂后期的细胞，细胞中每条染色体都有放射性B.处于第二次分裂中期的细胞，细胞中每条染色体都有放射性C、若某个细胞中没有放射性则至少是经过两次分裂后形成的D。根尖分生区的一个细胞中含有放射性的染色体最多有24条8。为了检测冰激凌中的大肠杆菌含量是否超标。下列有关做法，正确的是A.配制培养基，高压蒸汽灭菌后，调节pH到弱碱性B.将冰激凌溶化后，进行梯度稀释，再用划线法进行接种C.置于37℃恒温箱中培养12h,统计培养基中长出来的菌落数D.该实验应设置未接种样品的空白对照，以检测培养基是否被污染9.某动物的婚配制是一夫一妻制。.该动物的某一种群年初个体数为100，年末个体数为110，其中一年内新生个体数为20，死亡个体数为10。下列说法错误的是A.该种群的年出生率为10%，年死亡率为10%B.生殖期雌雄比例越接近1：1，出生率越高C.若降低该生物的交配年龄，则出生率会升高D。若在一段时间种群数量零增长，则年龄结构为稳定型10.某二倍体高等动物的基因型为AaBbXDY,一个精原细胞减数分裂过程中形成的其中一个细胞如图所示。下列相关说法正确的是A.该细胞形成过程中发生了染色体数目和结构变异B。.与该细胞同时产生的另一个细胞无性染色体C.该细胞可能是次级精母细胞或极体D.减数分裂过程中可能发生了交叉互换生物试题第2页(共8页)

20.下图为西安出土的汉代画像砖的拓片，该图反映了A.农民生活的殷实富足B.重农抑商政策的发展C.小农经济的生产形式D.生产工具的不断创新21.夏商时期，青铜兵器脆硬易折，不便锻打炼造；春秋战国时期，铁器以其特有的锋芒，坚韧的躯体而很快取代青铜兵器。这一变化表明A.官营兵器工业出现B.古代冶金技术进步C.铁器得到广泛应用D.青铜器具不如铁器22.在工业革命前夕的西欧手工工场中，工人利用工具，劳动资料的运动从工人出发；而在现代化的机器工厂里，是工人服侍机器，即工人跟随劳动资料的运动。由此可见，工厂制度区别于工场手工业的本质特点是A.使用机器大生产B.工人参加集体劳动C.生产资料私有化D.工人的受剥削程度23.中国与前两次科技革命擦肩而过，但中共十一届三中全会后，中国积极抓住机遇，参与新科技革命。除去同步实验通信卫星发射成功外，我国在空间技术方面取得的成就还有A.“东方红一号”发射成功B.“银河”巨型计算机研制成功C.第一颗原子弹爆炸成功D.“神舟十三号”飞船发射成功24.现代社会中，人们随时随地都可以利用手机上的订餐软件挑选附近的各种美食，并享受送餐上门服务，这为许多上班族节省了更多的工作、娱乐的时间。材料反映了A.餐饮业推动了交通运输业发展B.人们饮食惯的革命性变化C.互联网改变了人们的生活方式D.人们饮食结构的革命性变化二、非选择题（本题共3道小题，25题18分，26题16分，27题18分，共52分）25.阅读材料，完成下列要求。(18分)材料一皇帝公民大会五百人议事会)尚中下书书省省省十将军委员会陪审法庭(执掌军政大权)(行使司法、监察工刑兵礼户吏大权，参与立法)部部部部部部图二伯利克里时代雅典图一三省六部制结构示意图行政结构示意图材料二从古典民主没落到现代民主萌芽，中间长达千余年，17、18世纪资产阶级代议制在欧美国家先后建立。但由于国情差异，各国的社会政治制度呈现多元化特点。【高二12月份阶段性检测·历史第4页（共6页）】

2022届新高考高三押题信息卷语文（一）注意事项：1.本卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2,选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区城均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区城内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。材料一：话语空间是一个国家的话语权在国际上实施影响力和展现实力的场域，是一个国家在全球话语体系建构中的能力和实力的具体体现。话语就是说话或所说的话，是人类表达思维、思想的形式。但是，随着研究的深入，话语这一概念的内涵、外延，不断扩大，逐渐由学术领域扩展到新闻传播领域，又逐渐扩展到政治、经济、文化等诸多领域，拥有了广泛的社会意义。我们此处所讨论的“话语空间”，即采用广义上的“话语”，既指话语本体，也指被喻化的“实体话语”。新时代以来，我国的话语空间，包括领域话语空间、区域话语空间在内的宣誓和建构都取得了巨大的进展。首先是完善了既有的一系列话语空间范畴。在新时代，我国提出“中国梦”和“两个一百年”两个国内领域话语空间，为国民提供了国家复兴的伟大构想。此外，在国内区域话语空间方面，我国提出了珠江三角洲、长江三角洲、环渤海区域等一系列的话语空间范畴。这些概念完善了中国人民奋斗的活语空间范畴。在全球话语空间的建构中，也完善了全球的话语空间范畴系统，提出了“人类命运共同体”“区域共同体”“抗疫共同体”以及“一带一路”等具有全球性质的话语空间范畴。这些范畴的提出，在既有世界秩序分崩离析之际，及时进行了补缺，适时地服务于全球新秩序的建构，使中国成为全球话语体系建构的引领者。此外，利用既有的国际话语空间，充分发挥中国的话语功能，强化了国家话语权。我国充分发挥话语空间、话语体系建构的引领作用，利用既有霸权国家“退群”的有利时机，主动出击，有力地打击了逆全球化势力。近年来，个别霸权国家利用国内优先政策，先后退出许多国际组织，妄图制造混乱，重构、制衡世界秩序，让出了大量的国际话语空间，为我国国家话语空间的拓展提供了良机。中国趁此机会主动出击，及时补缺，强化了中国的全球话语权。同时，我国还主动加入了一些新成立的区域话语空间组织，比如“二十国集团组织”，促进了我国话语空间体系的建构。【高三押题信息卷·语文（一）第1页（共8页）】新高考

(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识，回答图一、图二反映的是哪两种不同的政治体制。(6分)(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识，概括近代西方资产阶级代议制有几种类型，请举例说明。并说明近代西方各国政治模式不同的原因是什么。(12分)26.阅读材料，完成下列要求。(16分)材料一中国是一个多民族的统一国家，自秦代以来就重视采取合适的民族政策，在少数民族地区实行与中原内地不同的地方行政制度，以有利于国家的巩国与民族的团结，从秦到宋，基本上实行的都是羁縻政策。有的少数民族只是表示臣服，受领封号，不时朝贡，名义上内属而已；有的少数民族虽然在王朝版图之内，但朝廷并不过问其内部事务，只是通过其首领来实现间接统治，有时虽有内地行政组织和行政区域的名称，但实质都与正式郡县制完全两样。元代以后，改行土司制度，表面上还是采用羁縻手段，但实际上已通过派至土司当中的流官来进行半直接的治理，明代中期起又逐渐采取改土归流政策，经过四五百年的调整，才把少数民族地区的地方行政制度基本纳入郡县制之中。摘编自周振鹤《中国地方行政制度史》材料二实行民族区域自治，就是在中华人民共和国的领土之内，在中央人民政府的统一领导下，遵循宪法的规定，以少数民族聚居地方为基础，接照民族聚居的人口多少和区域大小，分别建立不同级别的民族自治地区和自治机关，行使自治权利，由少数民族当家做主，管理本民族地方性的内部事务。—摘编自张岂之《中国历史—中华人民共和国卷》(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识，概括古代少数民族地方行政制度发展演变的特点。(6分)(2)根据材料一、二并结合所学知识，指出与古代少数民族地方行政制度相比，新中国民族区域自治制度有何发展，并分析原因。(10分)【高二12月份阶段性检测·历史第5页（共6页）】

权国家的“退群”行为为我国加人新成立的区域话语空间组织提供了良机，促进了爱图在全绿用全的利加定期，国际话高权是一个恒家除了国的风力之水证严动体系的建构效方式。3.下列选项中，对两则材料论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是(3分)A.材料一对话语和话语空间的解释，使读者对我国新时代以来的话语空间有了更好的以识B.材料二阐述了新时代以来我国在领域话语空间、区域话语空间取得的成就，具有积极意义。C.材料二主要运用道理论证，论述了构建全球化视野下的中国话语体系的重要性和战略措施。D.材料二的论述脉络清晰，主要观点从两个不同角度具体展开，两个角度之间是一种并列关系。4.请简要分析材料一的论证结构。(4分)答：5.如何提升中国的国际话语权？请结合两则材料简要分析。(6分)答：(二)现代文阅读Ⅱ（本题共4小题，16分）阅读下面的文字，完成6~9题。上岸张建春老圣在水上漂了一辈子，小船是家，鱼是庄稼，一茬茬地收割，丰年歉年，水和鱼养活自己，养活家。六十岁，正好六十岁，老圣要上岸了。上岸老圣不情愿，和水和船和鱼打了几十年交道，舍不得。舍不得也要上岸，禁渔了。水是大湖，八百里的方圆，烟波浩渺。大湖长鱼，形形色色的鱼，形形色色的虾蟹，在水里热闹。热闹时，老圣下网，网网不空。近些年，热闹的景象少了，老圣下网，空着的时候十有七八。鱼都那儿去了，老圣明白，捕捞的船太多，网太密，鱼虾蟹来不及长。一些鱼多年不见了，比如胭脂鱼，几年里就没见过影子。胭脂鱼漂亮，透明，手指头粗细，一抹胭脂红从身体透出，美美的。胭脂鱼味美，熬汤，鲜得天下无味。消失的何止胭脂鱼，多了去了。就连过去一捞一层的毛刀子鱼，也稀巴巴的了。禁渔了，禁渔好呀，再不禁，再滥捕，大湖中的鱼恐怕就要绝迹了。不过，上序老圣还是不合：老圣十五六岁上能，在帮上生活了四十多年，白天撒网，晚上城★流夷睡觉，惯了水，惯了水上的生活。不情愿归不情愿，老圣还是弃了船上了岸。岸上有房子，房子在湖边，推门见到湖。上岸的老圣临湖，却和水远了。日子有得过，政府安排得好，六十岁也是退休的年纪，该享享清福了。儿女们大了，在城里安家，可以随了去，老圣不去，湖好呀，水好呀，鱼好呀。老圣和老伴在湖边守房子，也守湖。【高三押题信息卷·语文（一）第3页（共8页）】

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M:Could you come here 20 minutes later?We're right in the middle of the dinner.(Text 4)M:Do you know where the new restaurant is?Has anyone in our class been there yet?W:I don't know.I tried to go online earlier to find out,but the Wi-Fi wasn't working.Isn'tthere a big notice about it on the wall?M:Yeah.Let's go and read it.(Text 5)W:Construction on the bridge has really slowed down the trafficM:I agree.Since they started working,the time it takes me to get to work has doubled.(Text 6)M:Can I order something to pick up?I can be there in about twenty minutes.W:You can place your order.But there are others in front of you.However,it won't be laterthan 10 minutes beyond that.M:OK.I'll just come by an hour after I order.Do you have any specials today?W:Today's lunch special is a sandwich and a drink for $5.75.You can add a soup and a saladfor an extra dollar.M:OK.I'll take the special.But I don't need to add anything.That would be too much food.(Text 7)M:How are you,Lucy?What's up?W:Well,it's raining like mad outside and the weather report says it'll be windy later today,so we can't go biking like we planned.I thought we might watch the football game on TVthis afternoon.What do you think?M:Sounds like a good idea.But I'm going to take advantage of the weather and clean up myroom.W:You just gave me an idea,Jim.I think I'll do the same.My mum will be pleased.M:And we can enjoy the football game later.Which team do you want to win?W:I always like to choose State College.Sometimes State Youth Team.What's your favorite?M:My dad likes St.Martins so I've grown up as a fan of them.(Text 8)W:Sorry,Jim.I won't be able to make it to the dinner tomorrow night.I'll be busy voluntee-ring at the library during that time.M:That's interesting,Carol.Most people I know volunteer by collecting garbage or some-thing.What do you do at the library when you volunteer?Are they short on employeeswho put away books?W:Nothing like that.I just read the children's books and act out some of the stories for them.It's very fun and it doesn't take long,maybe one or two hours.企72：【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一AH】

排开的液体的木积V,跟物休的体积V是冠的故两回事，一个实心的物体浸没在夜体中时，学j)V排=V物；空心的物体浸没在液体时，V排>一下。第17期针对训练参考答案考点一增大或减小压强的方法1.D2.B3.B4.减小受力面积增大受力面积考点二液体压强的特点5.正比>6.D7.C8.大1.0×109.酒精考点三大气压强10.A11.C考点四压强的计算12.1.03×1086.18×10713.0.214.151:4

力画好基层社会治理同心圆。结合材料，运用政治生活知识，谈谈广东构建基层社会治理新格局的意义。(8分)意义：①坚持村党支部的领导，发挥党组织协调各方的核心作用，有效汇集村民的意见建议；(3分)②发挥基层政府主导作用，厘清和转变职能，优化基层服务：(3分)③发挥民主议事会协商议事、基层自治组织实施，保障村民依法行使民主权利，提高民事民办、民事民管效能，提升村民自治能力；(3分)④实现自治、法治、德治相结合，践行全过程民主的生动实践，提高乡村治理效能。(3分)(每点2分，共8分)3如果说20世纪以前的欧洲是世界的中心，那么英国可以说是中心的“核心”，英国为日不落帝国的辉煌而自豪，目前，在“英联邦特惠制”下各成员国享受着相互间商品输入税收减免政策。而在英国女王伊丽莎白二世去世后，英联邦所属国加勒比岛国纷纷表示或举行是否保留君主立宪制的公投：澳大利亚表达了对共和制的向往：加拿大民调中“希望国家元首理是加拿大人"的比例创下新高：苏格兰民族党多年来致力于独立公投。结合材料运用《当代国际政治与经济》知识分析英国还能继续维系英联邦吗？(6分)）①英联邦不是联邦制国家，而是由几十个主权国家组成的相当松散的国家组织。(1分)②国家利益和国家实力是国际关系的决定性因素，维护国家利益是主权国家对外活动的出发点和落脚点。(2分)英联邦成员国基于国家实力和维护自身国家利益做出的各种抉择，在“英联邦特惠制”下各成员国享受着相互间商品输入税收减免政策，(1分)很多国家因得到贸易好处会留在英联邦，(1分)但对承认英国女皇为最高元首比较犹豫。(1分)·4.甲系高中生，酷爱绘画，参加当地市民美术展后将其参展画作《一串葡萄》遗失。乙捡到该画作后，爱不释手，将该画印在其陶瓷产品上，署名甲。该陶瓷产品外观新颖活泼，销量甚佳。甲获悉后，与乙交涉，未果，诉至法院。法院受理后，初步掌握了案件的大致轮廓。接着，通过分别研究有关案情、证据、法律规则等，搞清楚了案件的模糊区域。在此基础上，法院总结出案件的结论，判决乙败诉并承担相应责任。(1)结合材料，运用《法律与生活》知识，说明乙侵犯了甲的哪些权利，并指出乙应承担的民事责任及具体方式。（⑤分）4.(1)乙故意侵占该画，侵犯了甲的所有权：(1分)未经许可，擅自将该画印在陶瓷作品上并出售，侵犯了甲的著作权。(1分)乙应承担侵权责任，返还财产，(1分)停止侵害、(1分)赔偿损失。(1分)(2)法院判案是坚持分析与综合的辩证统一的过程。结合材料，运用《逻辑与思维》知识加以说明。(4分)(2)综合是分析的先导，要在综合得到的整体中指导分析，(1分)法院对案件大致轮廓的掌握，有助于分析有关案情、证据、法律规则等。(1分)》分析是综合的基础，要在分析的基础上揭示事物的整体，(1分)法院通过分别研究案件的案情、证据、法律规则等，为得出案件结论打下坚实的基础。(1分)5.为何要实现现代化，如何实现现代化，实现什么样的现代化，是近代以来摆在中华民族和中国人民面前的一个历史之问、人民之问、国家之问、时代之问。经过百年艰辛探索和接续奋斗，中国共产党给出的响亮答案是以中国式现代化推进中华民族的伟大复兴，全面建成社会主义现代化强国。某班同学围绕“中国式现代化道路”，开展了一系列议题式学活动。

C若≥2，则2a0,且a≠1，函数f(x)=△边，f(x)≤4的解集为1og.2x+1),≥0，若f(f(-1)=2,则a=a,x<0.(本题第一空3分，第二空2分)215.已知正数a,b满足a十b5,则。子十元的最小值为。16.已知直线l是曲线y=e-1与y=lnx+1的公共切线，则l的方程为四、解答题：本题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤，17.(10分)已知数列{an}为等差数列，数列{bn}为等比数列，a1十b1=4,且a1b,十a2b2+a3b十…十anbn=(n-1)2m+2+4.(1)求{an}与{bn}的通项公式；ab,:49.5it ab2)设等差数列a的前n项和为S.求数列写+6，)的前n项和T=a5=22州2Y.b-9q5ta5td(9t9-9"】0.5=a:20u,+a.9+a91q.ta224爱人原清四49,9t9g18.(12分)某校篮球社组织一场篮球赛，参赛队伍为甲、乙两队，比赛实行三局两胜制，已知甲队赢得每一局比赛的概率为p(0<<1).国全(D若最终甲队获胜的概率为}，求乙队赢得每一局比赛的概率(2)在(1)成立的情况下，在每一局比赛中，赢的队伍得2分，输的队伍得1分.用X表示比赛结束时两支球队的得分总和，求随机变量X的分布列和期望。64656LY。12.y391/6 LY1xM

短文改错We have been travelling in Saudi Arabia for more than a week yet Most people herealreadywear A traditional type of long and loose clothing that cover the whole body.Saudi Arabia isacoversin the desert,and in summer,the weather is extreme hot.One of the tour guide told usextremelyguidesthat it gets as hotter as 50C every summer.Wear this kind of clothing may be very com-hotWearingfortable in such weather.Now this is winter and quite cool.During the day in winter,it wasitisabout 22C and about 13C in the evening.I think the weather will be a bit of colder whenwe return to China.书面表达One possible version:Dear Mr Geller,You can't imagine how overjoyed I am hearing about your plan!I'd like to offer my advicefor your reference.As a big fan of Chinese calligraphy myself,I'll recommend it without hesitation becauseit's a natural combination of beauty,strength,history and technique.In order to learn itwell,first,she needs to devote herself to long hours of practice.Second,signing up for a cal-ligraphy course would be a wise choice,which would help her study in a systematic way.Be-sides,it'd also be beneficial to study and imitate the works of famous calligraphers.I hope you'll find my advice helpful.Best wishes for her future study!Yours,Li Hua附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:We want to take a train to New York.How much do I have to pay for the express train?W:First class is $24,and second class is $15.M:We'd like two second-class tickets.(Text 2)W:Could you give me a break once in a while?You give me too much work.M:I had no idea you were having so much trouble.Why don't you take a vacation?(Text 3)M:The Internet is so useful!W:Yeah.You can find information so easily.Just type a keyword into a search engine,andyou get a huge list of websites.M:Yes,it's so fast and convenient.企92：【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一AH】

C,从放弃语言推出诠释电影只能再拍电影进而只能靠文化的约定俗成的荒谬结论，反驳了对电影批评需要语言媒介的质疑。D.陈晓云教授讲述网上评论电影而遭粉丝骂的经历，举例论证了“网络时代人人都是影评人”对电影而言是件坏事。3.材料二中，共有五位学者围绕中国电影批评的当下问题，表明了自己的观点和态度。其中所持态度与张颐武最不相同的是(3分)》A.王一川B.戴锦华C.张卫D.陈晓云4.材料一中围绕电影批评这一论题谈了哪几个观点？请简要概括。(4分)5.在“网络时代人人都是影评人”的背景下，作为社会文化意义上的参与者和建构者，传统影评人应该扮演哪些角色？请结合材料一、二简要作答。(6分)(二)现代文阅读川（本题共4小题，16分)阅读下面的文字，完成6~9题。理发陈年喜忘了从哪年起，我理发这事儿，都是由爱人来完成的。那些年在矿山，那时候年轻，头发长得特别快，出门前，第一件事儿就是理发，回到家第一件事儿也是理发。老家没有理发店，去镇上既花钱又费时间，还特别远。有一天，我翻出一把剪刀扔给爱人：“给我把头发剪了。”剪刀是她从娘家带来的嫁妆之一，原是用来裁剪衣服的，也修手脚指甲，七八寸长，好久不用依然锃亮，威猛得很。爱人颤颤巍巍地拿起来，在我脑袋上试着耕作。在此之前，她连羊毛也没剪过，哪里接过这么重大的任务。十年磨一剑，慢慢地，如今她已练出了手艺。除了给我剪头，也给邻居剪头。有几回要去重要点儿的场合，顶着爱人理出的发型，竞添了几分底气。我曾观察过全国各地人群的头形，发现形状各异，各地有各地的形状特点。要说好看，当数东北人，那是真正的砖型；要说难看，就是秦人，连我们自己也谓之红薯头，一颗中间粗两头尖的红薯，不好看，也不好理。人类的科学还远远不足以解释人类自身现象，许多物状的形成，一定有特殊的密码。十四五岁时，有一回去山上砍柴，一根干树枝从树顶断了，落下来，砸在我头顶上。树对加身的刀斧没有办法，也算找准了复仇的对象。我没有被砸死，却把头顶砸出了一个坑，皮骨分离，从此那鸡蛋大一片，再没长出过好头发，像一片庄稼被谁打了百草枯，又像遭了火灾的现场。爱人剪刀到了这儿，总要怔一下，我能感觉到剪刀在那儿的犹豫。爱人说，你的头越来越难理了。我知道，那是因为白发和脱发。谁还没有过一头青葱的水草。四十岁前，我好像从来没有过洗头膏的概念，从少年到中年，一直使用的是洗衣粉。矿山环境里，头发特别容易脏，机器开动起来，粉尘弥漫，工友之间，不敢张口说话，只靠头灯和手势交流。地热凶猛，我们在塑料安全帽周围用铁丝烙出一圈孔，用以散热透气，自然，粉尘们也乘虚而入。第三次联合诊断检测（语文，第3页共8页

51.8k·mo1,故中和热△H=一51.8kJ·mol1根据温新定排可如，由⊙十⊙X言十①X子可得①.三、试卷特点③测定中和热的实验准确度关健在于反应前后热量变化的测量，实验装置保温、隔热数果差会造成热量数尖太大，测得的热量偏小，中和热的数值偏小，A项不持款aH-ah+号aH+△H),(3)在25C,101kn本套试题从化学反应与能量变化等知识进行命题，考查角度多样，覆盖面广，能够切实提高考生的化学知识水和应试水合题意：用量筒量取盐酸时仲视读数造成体棋偏大，中下，1g甲醇物质的量为豆m0l,完金燃烧放热2.68k.答案速查和时放出的热量偏大，中和热的数值偏大，B项符合题意：分多次将NaOH溶液倒入小烧杯中使反应时间过1m0l甲醇完全燃烧生成稳定氧化物救出的热量为题号12345678910112131415长热量散失过大，测得的热量偏小，中和热的数值偏725.76k,故甲醇燃烧热是725.76k灯·m0,则表示甲醇燃选热的热化学方程式为CH,OH(D十号0，(g答案B A B C B A B C D BBB A C A小，C项不符合题意：用测量盐酸的温度计直接测定试题详解NaOH溶液的温度时温度计上沾的盐酸与NaOH溶-C0(g)+2H,0)△H=-725.76k·mo液发生反应，放出然量，使NOH溶液的初始温度偏(4)根据盖斯定律可知，①×2一③十②×4可得①，1,B[命题立意]本题考查反应自发性的相关知识，考查了宏观辨识与微观探析的学科素养。△H>0、△S<0的反应在任何条件下都不能自发进行高，混合液的终止温度与酸碱的起始均温度差偏小△H.=2△H-△H+4△H=2×(-283.0k·mol1)A项错误：二氧化硫与氧气的催化氧化反应是放热反中和热的数值偏小，D项不符合题意[试题解析]某些在常温下不能自发进行的反应，高温下-(-1370kJ·mo1)+4×(-285.8kJ·mol-1)=[参考答案](1)CO(g)+HO(g)CO(g)+H(g能自发进行，所以非自发反应在一定条件下可以实现，应，降低温度，有利于反应正向进行，但反应温度过低，-339.2k·mol。(5)6Ag(s)+0(g)-3Ag20(s)反应速率较小，且催化剂活性较弱，使反应速率减小，经△H=-162kJ·mo1-1(2分)A项错误；反应的嫡增加即△S>0,反应放热即△H<△H=-235.8kJ·mol1①：2Ag:0(s)-4Ag(s)+济效益降低，故反应温度不是越低越好，B项错误；可逆(2)CH(g)+2NO (g)-N (g)+CO (g)+2H:O(g)0,故△H-T△S<0,反应一定能自发进行，B项正确；反应中，在其他条件不变的情况下，增加一种反应物的△H=-867kJ·mol-1(3分)0(g)△H,=+62.2kJ·mol②，根据盖斯定律可NH,NO,溶于水是熵增过程，该过程是自发的，C项错知，①X2+②×3可得反应20(g)一30(g)△H误；反应C(s)+CO2(g)一2CO(g)是嫡增反应，D项量，可提高其他反应物的转化率，则合成氨生产中，为提(3)2NO(g)+2C0(g)一N(g)+2CO,(g)△H==△H1×2+△H2×3=(-235.8kJ·mol1)×2+错误。高氢气的转化率，可增加氨气的量，C项正确：使用催化-746.5k·mol-(3分)(+62.2kJ·mol-)X3=-285k·mol1。(6)根据2.A[命题立意]本题考查化学反应速率的相关知识，考剂能加快化学反应速率，不能改变化学衡状态，则使(4)①△H,=△H<△H(2分)②-51.8kJ·mo盖斯定律可知，反应ⅡX2一反应I可得反应Ⅲ，△H查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思想的学科用催化剂不能提高合成氨的产率，D项错误。(2分)③B(2分)5.B[命题立意]本题考查化学衡移动原理的相关知19.[命题立意]本题考查然化学综合的相关知识，考查了=2△H2-△H1.素养。[试题解析]设转化的NH的物质的量为xmol,列三段识，考查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思想宏观辨识与微观深析、变化观念与衡思想、证据推理[参考答案](1)①③④(2分)②⑤(2分)式：证据推理与模型认知的学科素养。与模型认知的学科素养。(2)等于(1分)△H,=△H,+2(△H+△H,)(2分)4NH(g)+3O2(g)2N2(g)+6H2O(g)[试题解析]增大O2的浓度，反应①、②、③均向正反应[试题解析](1)①物质燃烧属于放热反应：②二氧化碳(3)CH,OH()+号0，(g)—C0,(g)+2H,O(1)起始(mol)人4300方向进行，且O2过量时与NO反应生成NO2,则NO的通过灼热的碳生成CO,属于吸热反应：③生石灰溶于变化(mol)x0.75.x0.5x1.5.x产率减小，A项不符合题意；使用合适的催化剂，能增大水生成氢氧化钙，属于放热反应：④炸药爆炸属于放热△H=-725.76kJ·mol1(2分反应：⑤碳酸钙高温分解生成氧化钙和CO2,属于吸热衡(mol)4-x3-0.75x0.5x1.5x反应①的反应速率，减少副反应的发生，提高NO的产(4)-339.2kJ·mol-1(2分)1.5x率，B项符合题意；减小压强，虽然反应①、③均向正反反应：因此属于放热反应的是①③④，属于吸热反应的(5)20(g)-3O2(g)△H=-285kJ·mo1-1(2分)根据题意有-+3-0.750.5x+1,5X10%-应方向进行，但反应速率减小，结合K值，NO的产率减是②⑤。(2)根据盖斯定律可知，条件不变的情况下(6)2△H2-△H1(1分)2 mol小，C项不符合题意；降低温度，虽然反应①、②、③均向化学反应的热效应只与起始和最终状态有关，与反应40%,解得x=2,v(（NH)=2X程nm=0.250ml·正反应方向进行，但反应速率减小，结合K值，NO的产途径无关，则逢径I放出的热量=途径Ⅱ放出的热量；(L·min)-1,D项正确；根据化学反应速率之比等于化率减小，D项不符合题意。6,A[命题立意]本题考查衡状态标志的相关知识，考砺剑·2022相约高考阶段测评六学计量数之比，(0，)=0,250ol·(L·min)×号查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思想、证据命题报告=0.1875mol·(L·min)-1,A项错误；v(H,0)=推理与模型认知的学科素养。一、命题思想0.250mcl·(L·mim)-×9-0.375ml·mim-,[试题解析]该反应为反应前后气体体积减小的反应，压本套试题以《新课程标准》为指导思想，按照“注重基础、提倡运用、全面评价，合理配置题型，科学严谨”的原则进强为变量，当混合气体的压强不变时，说明各组分的浓行命题，努力实现知识、能力、素养的统一，准确检测学生的化学学科综合实力，促进学生全面发展。B项正确；o(N)=0.250mol·(L·mim)-1X2度不再变化，该反应达到衡状态，①正确：该反应的反4二、试卷结构0.125mol·(L·min)-1,C项正确。应物和生成物都是气体，混合气体总质量不变，容器容(1)本试卷总分为100分，包括15道单项选择题（共45分），4道非选择题(55分)。3.B[命题立意]本题考查化学衡的相关知识，考查了积不变，则密度为定值，不能根据混合气体的密度判断(2)考点分布宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思想、证据推理衡状态，②错误；B的物质的量浓度不变时，说明正题号考查知识点逆反应速率相等，该反应达到衡状态，③正确：演反应难易度题号考查知识点难易度与模型认知的学科素养。为气体体积减小的反应，混合气体的总物质的量为变1反应自发性易11熵值和衡常数中[试题解析]极据衡常数表达式可知反应方程式为量，当其不变时，说明各组分的浓度不再变化，该反应达化学反应速率易白化学衡2Z(g)+2W(g)一X(g)+2Y(g)。由于反应的吸放热中到衡状态，①正确；混合气体的总质量不变，总物质的化学衡易13未知，则温度发生变化时，衡常数的变化不能判断，化学反应速率和衡中A项错误；升高温度，若混合气体的均相对分子质量量为变量，则混合气体的均相对分子质量为变量，当4反应速率和衡基础知识易14反应机理和反应速率中变小，说明气体的物质的量增多，衡向逆反应方向移其不变时，说明各组分的浓度不再变化，演反应达到5物化学衡移动原理中6反应速率和衡图像衡状态，⑤正确：未说明两物质反应速率的方向，则根据6衡状态标志16轻动，则说明正反应为放热反应，B项正确：增大压强，中探究影响化学反应速率的因素中衡向正反应方向移动，W(g)的体积分数减小，C项错误；(C)与v(D)的比值始终不变，不能说明各组分的浓度不再变化，则无法判断衡状态，⊙错误：演反应的反应7化学衡移动原理17化学反应速率和衡的计算增大X(g)的浓度，衡向逆反应方向移动，D项错误。中物和生成物都是气体，混合气体的总质量始终不变，不6化学反应速率中18化学反应速率和衡4,C[命题立意]本题考查反应速率和衡基础知识的相中能根据混合气体的总质量判断衡状态，①错溪：容器9化学反应速率和衡图像中19化学反应速率和衡关知识，考查了宏观辨识与微观探析、荧化观念与衡中10化学反应速率和衡图像中思想、证据推理与模型认知的学科素养。容积不变，则混合气体的总体积为定值，不能根据混合[试题解析]由△H-T△S<0的反应可自发进行可知，气体总体积判断衡状态，⑧错误；C、D的分子敏之比化学答案一19化学答案一20

10.A11.C考点四压强的计算12.1.03×1086.18×10713.0.214.151:4第18期测试题参考答案一、选择题1.C2.A3.C4.C5.C6.D7.C8.B二、填空题9.增大增大压力10.连通器一样多11.大气压高于12.相等受力面积出版发行：（中学生学报）社有限公司●发行部电话：03

。文章对过往的艰辛苦难没有极尽渲来，也汉有呼天抢地的倾诉，语调始终冷峻克制，体现着一种淡然接纳的生命态度。0.文章在叙事中穿插了一些景物描写，如倒数第三段描写午后景象，用天气之暖、山花之萌，很好地反村出人内心的苍凉。8。文章围绕“理发”展开，中间却写到了收旧物女人，这部分内容是否文不对题？请简要说明理由。(4分)9.有人评价陈年喜的作品“呈现了中国人悲怆又炽热的生命力”，请根据这篇文章的内容，谈谈中国人生命力的“悲怆”和“炽热”体现在哪里。(6分)二、古代诗文阅读(35分)(一)文言文阅读（本题共5小题，20分）阅读下面的文言文，完成10~14题。巢谷，字元修。少从士大夫读书，老为里校师。谷幼传父学，虽朴而博。举进士京师，见举武艺者，心好之。谷素多力，遂弃其旧学，畜弓箭，骑射。久之业成，而不中第。闻西边多骁勇，骑射击刺为四方冠，去游秦凤泾原间，所至友其秀杰。有韩存宝者，尤与之善。谷教之兵书，二人相与为金石交。熙宁中，存宝为河州将。会泸州蛮乞弟扰边，诸郡不能制，乃命存宝出兵讨之。存宝不蛮事，邀谷至军中问焉。及存宝得罪，将就逮，自料必死，谓谷曰：“死非所惜，顾妻子不免寒饿，橐中有银数百两，非君莫使遗之者。”谷许诺，即变姓名，怀银步行，往授其子，人无知者。存宝死，谷逃避江淮间，会赦乃出。予以乡闾，故幼而识之，知其志节，缓急可托者也。予之在朝谷浮沉里中未尝一见绍圣初予以罪谪居筠州自筠徙雷自雷徙循予兄子瞻亦自惠再徙昌化士大夫皆讳与予兄弟游生亲友无复相闻者。谷独慨然自眉山诵言，欲徒步访吾兄弟。闻者皆笑其狂。元符二年春正月，遗予书曰：“我万里步行见公，不自意全，今至梅矣，不甸日必见，死无恨矣。”既见，握手相泣，已而道生，逾月不厌。时谷年七十有三矣，瘦瘠多病，非复昔日元修也。将复见子瞻于海南，予悯其老且病，止之曰：“君意则善，然自此至儋数千里，复当渡海，非老人事也。”谷曰：“我自视未即死也，公无止我。”留之不可，阅其橐中无数千钱，予方乏困，亦强资遣之。船行至新会，有蛮隶窃其橐装以逃，获于新州，谷从之至新，遂病死。予闻，哭之失声。予方杂居南夷，与之起居出入，盖将终焉，虽知其贤，尚何以发之？闻谷有子蒙在泾原军中，故为作传，异日以授之。(节选自苏辙《巢谷传》)10.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是(3分)》4.予之在朝/谷浮沉/里中未尝一见/绍圣初/予以罪谪居筠州/自筠徙雷/自雷徙循/予兄子瞻亦自惠再徙/昌化士大夫皆讳与予兄弟游/B.予之在朝/谷浮沉里中/朱尝一见/绍圣初/予以罪谪居筠州/自筠徙雷/自雷徙循/予兄子瞻亦自惠再徙昌化/士大夫皆讳与予兄弟游/C.予之在朝/谷浮沉/里中未尝一见/绍圣初予以罪谪/居筠州/自筠徙雷/自雷徙循/予兄子瞻亦自惠再徙昌化/士大夫皆讳与予兄弟游/D.予之在朝/谷浮沉里中/未尝一见/绍圣初予以罪滴/居筠州/自筠徙雷/自雷徙循/予兄子瞻亦自惠再徙/昌化士大夫皆讳与予兄弟游/第三次联合诊断检测（语文）第5页共8页

25.答案（共11分）(1)分离(1分)Rr(2分)(2)BbXRX(1分)BbXRY(1分)BY(2分)(3)实验思路：选择花叶顶花雌性植株与雄性亲本板叶腋花植株测交，观察并统计后代的表现型及比例；(2分)实验结果：测交后代植株中雌性板叶腋花：雌性花叶腋花：雄性花叶顶花=1：：1(2分)

以x=0.125。①0~5min内，用甲醇表示的反应速率N,(g)+3H,(g)一2NH(g)1303H:(g)+CO.(g-CH,OH(g+H:O(g)为0.125mol,L-1÷5min=0.025mol·L-1·min-1:起始(mol)起始(mol)31210℃或9×10Pa,250℃.变化(mol)3x00②由上述计算可知，参与反应的H为2×0.125mol·变化(mol)y3y2y[参考答案](1)一49(1分)A(2分)总反应为放热x衡(mol)1-y3-3y2y衡(mol3-3x1-x反应，反应①为慢反应，活化能高，且反应①为吸热反应L1=0.25m0l·L-,H,的衡转化率为025×1用2号3×10%=2%.中0.50，别手青时的当衡时x(CH,OH)=0,10时，x反应②为放热反应(2分)100%=25%。达到衡时CO、H:和CHOH的物质3-3x)+(1-+x干0.1，解得x=行，手衡时(2)0H,0):CH,0H(2分)②b1分)总p3(H2)·p(CO)的量浓度分别为0.375mol·L-1、0.75mol·L-1和体款分数为号×10%≈14.5%：@初始泥合气休1反应△H<0,升高温度时衡向逆反应方向移动，甲c(CHOH)0.125m0l·L-1,所以衡常数K=C0)·(H中，C0的物质的量为1mol×20%=0.2mol,H,的物C0,的转化率a=mgX10%≈3.3%：由图醇的物质的量分数变小(2分)③33.3%(2分)5×105Pa,210℃(1分)9×10Pa,250℃(1分)0.375×0.75≈0.59：③1min时，反应未达到衡，反0.125质的量为0.8mol,由碳元素守恒可知，反应前后C0、CO,的总物质的量不变，则增加的0.18mol为反应生知，满足衡时x(CH,0H=0.10的条件有5×10Pa,应向正反应方向进行，>：①反应的速率-时间国成的H的量，故反应转化的C0为0.18mol,其转化砺剑·2022相约高考阶段测评七像如图所示◆为8品×10%=90%.（3)藏老始时投入命题报告2molS0,1molO,达到衡时转化了bmol O2,列一、命题思想三段式：本套试题以《新课程标准)为指导思想，按照“注重基础，提倡运用、全面评价，合理配置题型，科学严谨”的原则进2S0,(g)+02(g)一2S0(g)行命题，努力实现知识、能力、素养的统一，准确检测学生的化学学科综合实力，促进学生全面发展。0二、试卷结构起始(mol)21变化(mol)2bb(1)本试卷总分为100分，包括15道单项选择题（共45分），4道非选择题(55分).2-2b1-626(2)考点分布衡(mol)题号考查知识点难易度题号考查知识点在达到衡前，随着时间t的增大而逐渐减小且任周2689-9，即=0.9，故p(S0,)=0:07MP。难易度化学与科技、生产、生活易意，点的正反应速率大于任意点的逆反应速率，即1mim11离子方程式正误判断中x号2-0.0mx品)MP,p(0)=007MPX2电解质溶液易电解质溶液中的反应及分析中时的v(CHOH)大于4min时的vz(CHOH),4mi12氨水稀释及图像时的v(CHOH)大于4min时的v是(CHOH);⑤若易13滴定曲线中将钢瓶换成等容积的绝热容器，重复上述实验，则反应名a07×7)Ms,p(S0,)=0o7MP×写%4离子积和电离常数易14滴定曲线中放出的热量不能散发，会使体系温度升高，正反应为放p2(S03)5弱酸实验验证中15沉淀溶解衡及图像难热反应，与原衡相比，衡逆向移动，甲醇的物质的=(0.07×号)MP,年街常数K,=D(S0,)·pO6滴定实验中16电解质溶液在生活中的应用量分数将减小，所以小于0.1。=24300。7电解质溶液中粒子浓度中17氯化铁溶液[参考答案](1)-181kJ·mol1(2分)[参考答案](1)0.025(3分)>(2分)8电解质溶液中18NaHCO,含量测定中(2)CD(2分)(2)①14.5%(3分)②90%(3分)9沉淀溶解衡中19工艺流程(3)①0.025mol·L-1·min1(2分)②25%(2分)(3)24300(3分)10溶液中反应及图像中0.59(2分)③大于(1分)④大于(1分)⑤小于19.[命题立意]本题考查化学反应速率和衡的相关知(2分)识，考查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思三、试卷特点本套试题从水溶液中的离子反应与衡等知识进行命题，考查角度多样，覆盖面广，能够切实提高考生的化学知18.[命题立意]本愿考查化学反应速率和衡的相关知想、证据推理与模型认知的学科素养。识水和应试水识，考查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化观念与衡思[试题解析](1)根据盖斯定律可知，①十②可得二氧化碳答案速查想，证据推理与模型认知的学科素养。加氢制甲醇的总反应：CO(g)+3H(g)一CHOH(g)+HO(g)△H=△H+△H2=(+41k·mol1)十题号123456789101112131415[试题解析](1)在恒温恒容条件下，反应达到衡时，n(ClNO)=7.5×10-3mol·L1·min1×2L×(-90kJ·mol-1)=-49kJ·mol1;该反应的总反应答案A D C D B D AD CCC D C B C10min=0.15mol,列三段式：为放热反应，因此生成物总能量低于反应物总能量，反试题详解2NO(g)+Cl:(g)2CINO(g)应①为慢反应，因此反应①的活化能高于反应②的，同起始(mol)0.20.10时反应①的反应物总能量低于生成物总能量，反应②1,A[命题立意]本题考查化学与科技，生产、生活的相2，D[命题立意]本题考查电解质溶液的相关知识，青查了宏观辨识与微观探析、变化现念与衡思想，证餐准变化(mol)0.150.0750.15的反应物总能量高于生成物总能量，因此示意图中能关知识，考查了科学态度与社会责任的学科素养。衡(mol)0.050.0250.15体现反应能量变化的是A项。(2)①二氧化碳加氢制[试题解析]纯碱溶液显碱性，可用于去除油污，且加热理与模型认知的学科素养，时C0的水解程度增大，溶液的碱性增强，去污效果[试题解析]强电解质、码电解质是根据电解质在水溶液即衡时n(Cl)=0.025mol;该反应为气体分子数减甲醇的总反应为CO(g)+3H(g)一CH,OH(g)+增强，A项正确：聚铁是聚合硫酸铁的简称，是一种净水中的电离程度划分的，溶液的导电能力与溶液中角由移少的反应，反应在恒压条件下进行时相当于在原衡H,O(g),因此利用各物质的衡分压表示总反应的基础上加压，衡向正反应方向移动，则O的衡转衡常数，表达式K,-H,O):(CHOH),②总反应剂，能将海水中的悬浮物沉降，但与氧化钠无关，不能淡动的离子浓度及离子所带的电荷数有美，A通續溪：H化率提高，故恒压条件下NO的衡转化率：ae>a1。p3(H2)·p(CO2)化海水，B项错误：草木灰是植物（草本植物和木本植=4.5的香茄汁中c(H)=10mol·L,pH=6.S的牛奶中c(H)=104m©·L,pH=4.5的香需(②①图中。点对应的起始时得=3，街时NH△H<0,升高温度时街向逆反应方向移动，甲醇的物物)燃烧后的残余物，并主要成分为K,C0,草木灰属于钾肥，K,CO,水解显城性，不能降低土壤的城性，C项错汁中的c(H)是p日=6.5的年奶中的100停，B项错质的量分数变小，因此困中对应等压过程的曲线是：的体积分数为42%，设起始时投入1molN,、3mol⑧设起始n(C0)=1mol,n(H)=3mol,达衡时误：碳酸氯钠属于杭酸药，服用时若喝些酷，醋中的醋酸误，CH,COOH客液g分电离，0,1m©d·LCH,COOH客液中(H)<0.1ma·L,☐客液完H2,达到衡时转化了y mol N2,列三段式：CO,转化了xmol,列三段式：会与NaHCO,.反应，从而降低药效，D项错误。化学答案一24化学答案一23

B.缺乏向光素，植物无法感受到红光和远红光的刺激C.光作为一种信号，影响、调控植物生长、发育的全过程，植物分布的地域性很大程度上就是由光照决定的D.向光素的自磷酸化会导致生长素分布不均匀5.下列有关中学生物学实验的描述，正确的是A.探究抗生素对细菌的选择作用实验中，应从抑菌圈边缘的菌落挑取细菌继续培养，重复几代后抑菌圈直径变大B.希尔反应模拟了叶绿体光合作用中光反应阶段的部分变化C.观察根尖分生区细胞的有丝分裂实验中，解离的目的是让细胞相互分离并保持细胞活性D.研究土壤中小动物类群的丰富度时，宜采用样方法6.下列有关细胞的结构和功能的叙述正确的是A.性腺细胞膜上运输性激素的载体蛋白数量，通常青春期比幼年和老年多B.细胞骨架是由蛋白质纤维组成的网架结构，与多种生命活动密切相关C.酵母菌细胞有复杂的生物膜系统，氨基酸的脱水缩合在此进行D.能进行光合作用的细胞不一定有叶绿体，没有线粒体的细胞只能进行无氧呼吸7.辽宁省东港市是我国最大的草莓生产和出口基地，是“中国草莓第一县”。东港草莓以“绿色、安全、优质”的优势入选直供北京冬奥会农产品名单。下列有关草莓生长发育过程中的描述，错误的是A.草莓的生长发育调控，是由基因表达调控、激素调节和环境因素调节共同完成的B.在草莓的生长发育过程中不同种激素的调节往往具有顺序性C.草莓的生长发育过程中不同种植物激素在代谢上可能存在着相互作用D.喷洒一定浓度的脱落酸可防止草莓果实脱落8.蓝莓果实中含有丰富的营养成分，具有防止脑神经老化、保护视力、强心、抗癌、软化血管、增强人体免疫等功能。蓝莓酒和蓝莓醋被称为液体黄金“口服化妆品”等。图甲是以鲜蓝莓为原料发酵制作蓝莓酒和蓝莓醋的过程简图，图乙是传统发酵技术的装置图。下列叙述正确的是气阀a气阀b店莓税产品鉴定出料口c产品整定一蓝莓酒4图甲图乙A.用重铬酸钾检测出现橙色说明发酵过程产生了酒精B.利用蓝莓制作蓝莓醋时，利用图乙装置必须先进行酒精发酵然后再进行醋酸发酵C.蓝莓酒制作需要的温度比蓝莓醋制作的温度要低D.图乙装置中d排气管长而弯曲可防止空气中的杂菌污染，装入蓝莓汁后需要灭菌9.细胞存活与细胞凋亡受到严格的信号控制，如图为小鼠（哺乳动物）细胞的存活因子抑制细胞凋亡的过程图。下列叙述正确的是

二，等送择延体大短关红分分克与运每复年护醛9上道道愿为遂衡题，选衡题在连其中一意养答.多香登所蛋第一道营兰合】《一必衡题：兵2分17.(5分阅遂材料，完或下列要求材朝一乡院在中国古代号别是西衣长官文上子有查要位重在备玉文化以.灵高多产会鉴：长有水方面发等？重要作月。司时.家人光其是家气理季上人时声院表言喜重能美4的建爱龙死到了美多性的作月。一一家代示主名院表师多会到主者二是者言盖量手美手老兰任，而公立的书院由朝美任命有声夏酯官员上大天兰兰。卡院的三香餐为山卡，在一些是模复大的书完，其下还有负青长学工作销“堂长“布话多”成维舞最学安意堂三”卡学录”南家后期，官学化的多院片紫师的选任更方严格.能完其品须是通道科手考宝有身题官是一在书院诗学过程宁夏学思想体系花更加手室，更造会丝兰量至美。装南家后复里季善术兴喜之时，其劳力逼不可阻指，从而或为南家后息乃至明清官京的统浩思想。今一情端自王晓龙.司学红《宋代品院教商)材料二13世纪衣，人们开给汉一种新题的主动的态度来派司长育同题。经过文艺夏兴人文主又忌第的洗礼以反欧满各国登修学发的普通建立、李爱培杀人才的昌的运遮不限于神职人员，学发的深程瓷置相应进行了重大满整。一一香方适代人文主义表童理念的移成是对中世纪“一初为了上帝“的“以神为本“思想的批荆与海年。一一人文主义装富思恩地保程的重点由教材转句争生、主家学者是教育的中心，蛋清课程的爱计应定全议人的需要为出发点，一切教直都必须以人为本，这是现代餐富的基本价值一摘编自孙雪《从-神本到人本的转型一近代西方人文主义载育观评)(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识，指出宋代书院的特点及面史意义、(7分)(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识，指出近代西方载育的重大交化、并分新其响、8分)18.(15分)清末民初潮南的地方自治运动，在中国近代化史上留下了蔚为壮观的一页。阅读材料，完成下列要求。材料一近代以降，西学赤满之潮酒动不息，地方自洽理冷件为造代西方成洽尽潮的一个重要组成部分，色逐斋传入中国：甲牛战后，民危机空前产重、当时从中央到地方、无论是在长脚外意，还是在派兴内治方面，泰无明显作为，南南自保自强的重起R有由澜南民众自己来承担。于是黄遵完津制同等人使顺意民心民愿，提曲了其地方自洽的主旅维新期同地方自治的萌芽与晓清以来中央官治权力的下移是分不开的。、澳省在此霜高三历文试题第4页（共7页）

looks like something exploded inside it.M:I put a new shelf in the corner for all my files.It makes a big difference.(Text 3)W:Your picture ID doesn't look like you.M:That's because I've lost ten kilos since it was taken.W:Oh!I thought it was your haircut that made you look different.(Text 4)W:The museum closes late on Friday.So we could see the new exhibition after workM:But I have to work late that day.W:No problem.I can go to a baseball game,though.(Text 5)W:The movie we saw last night was exciting,wasn't it?M:Oh,no.I didn't like it.The story wasn't very interesting.W:I'm sorry you were disappointed.(Text 6)W:Can you bring Jet into the other room?He will just bark the entire time when I use theelectric floor cleaner.I think he's afraid of the sound.It could also be how I move aroundwith it.M:My dog does the same thing,but only after I'm done cleaning.It must be the smell,because he sometimes barks at it even when it is just sitting in the closet.W:My old dog never used to be like that.She was very relaxed about everything.M:She died last year.Right?W:Yes.She was old,though.I adopted Jet right afterwards.He was two years old then.(Text 7)M:How was your school's Cleanup Day,Helen?W:It was great,Dad.I got very wet in the morning though.M:Oh dear.Did it rain in the countryside?W:Actually,the weather was sunny all morning.I accidentally got wet because the water tapwas broken.M:That's terrible.Did you bring any extra clothes?W:No,but since we had only 300 people taking part in Cleanup Day,there were spareT-shirts for me.M:Good!How much rubbish did you collect by the end of the day?W:We were divided into three groups.Our group collected 7 bags.The second,11 bags.Thethird group got the most.They collected 27 bags!87【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一AH】

my class.My experience tells me that it's not A you are given but how you make use of itwhatthat determine who you are.determines书面表达One possible version:Dear Peter,On behalf of my class,I am writing to sincerely invite you to join in the 40-km hiking tripto be organized next week.Aimed at enriching our experiences and exercising our mind and body,this activity isscheduled to take place from 7:00 am to 5:00 pm next Tuesday.We will gather on the play-ground at 6:30 am,attending a brief opening ceremony.We will walk 20 kilometers along theriver before we make a return trip to our school.If we are lucky enough to have you with us,please bear in mind that you should wear a pair of sneakers.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:Next year I'm going to visit Berlin.Then I'll fly to India and on to Cambodia and Vietnam.W:Go to China.There are some amazing sights,and bring me back a silk dress!(Text 2)M:Where do you want to go for lunch,Marisa?W:Well,I didn't have any breakfast,so I'm pretty hungry.And I have dinner plans at anItalian restaurant,so I don't want that.M:I know!Let's go to Pedro's Cantina.They have the biggest plates of Mexican food intown!(Text 3)M:This is a long movie.W:Yes.It's three hours long and it started at 7 pm.M:Oh,right.We only have an hour to go.I'm starting to feel uncomfortable in this seat.(Text 4)W:Dad,what are you looking for in the glove drawer?It's the middle of summer.M:Oops,wrong drawer.I have to fill in a passport form.Have you seen my pen?W:There are about ten on the computer table.乐·5L【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一AH】

excitement,I watched a kite dancing in the sky.the书面表达One possible version:Dear Sir/Madam,My name is Li Hua,a Chinese student studying in England.I'm delighted to learn thatvolunteer docents are needed for your Chinese cultural relic exhibition and I think I'm quite fitfor the position.I used to be a docent in Shanghai Museum and I'm quite familiar with Chinese relics.Fur-thermore,being outgoing and easy-going,I am good at communicating with others.Finally,Ihave a good command of English for I have lived here for almost three years.I would really appreciate it if you could offer me the chance to be a volunteer in your museum.Yours,Li Hua附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:So,are you going to drive your car to London?W:Well,my husband wanted to go by train but finally I got a good deal on a couple of airlinetickets.(Text 2)W:Do you know they were going to build a park?It means the theater will get torn down.M:Oh,no!Then we'll have to drive to Sunny Square to watch a film!(Text 3)W:This coffee cup on your desk is beautiful.Did you get it?M:Yeah.I saw it when I was out buying a handbag and a book for the new manager.(Text 4)W:Steve,when is everyone getting together for Sharon's party tomorrow?M:We're meeting at Sullivan's Bar at 7:30.When will you get there?W:I'll be thirty minutes late because I have to drop off my son at a piano lesson.(Text 5)W:What beautiful flowers!I'm just going to fill a vase with water and put them in.M:Don't forget to cut the stems first.It'll help them stay fresh longer.W:Here,you take care of that,while I get the vase.There are some scissors in that drawer.(Text 6)M:Choose a person who you admire.It can be someone from history or someone who is stillliving.You'll have to write a short report with them as your topic.W:What is required for the report?Should we include information about their family and their$·107·【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一AH】

去，越来越多的人想去参观Civita。现在，每天有多达一万人参观Civita。由此推知，之所以每天都有这么多游客涌入Civita,是因为他们想抓住最后的机会去看看Civita。34.C通读第4段可知，该段主要讲述了Civita城镇的生活状况。35.B根据第3段第1句和最后一段可知，Civita的未来是不确定的。补全短文36~40 GDAFE完形填空身为摄影师的作者被派往斯里兰卡的一个小镇上进行采访和摄影工作。在那里，作者遇到了一位母亲，尽管她的孩子衣衫褴褛，她却要作者帮他们拍照留念，作者由此感悟到了母爱的伟大。41.B作者和一位摄影师被派遣去斯里兰卡做调查。42.A作者他们经过三小时的车程到达了目的地。43.C根据下文可知答案。44.B根据上文speak with可知，此处指作者的同事去采访当地的医生。45.D根据下文to the camera可知答案。46.C根据下文I photographed a handsome man可知答案。47.A根据下一段可知，此处指作者不知道人们对被拍摄会有什么反应。48.D作者拍摄了这名男子，这位男子没有反应，作者松了一口气。49.B作者拍摄的行为已经引起了众人的注意。50.D有人打趣作者要拍照的人。51.C根据下文中作者对这家人的观察可知，这位母亲让作者给她的孩子拍照，作者有点犹豫。52.C根据下文这家人甚至有人没裤子穿可知，这家人比较贫困，衣服也不太整洁。53.B不是因为她父母忽视她，而是他们买不起裤子。54.A根据下文可知，不止这位母亲，许多父母都想给他们的孩子拍照留念。55.D父母为他们的孩子而自豪，所以给孩子拍照留念。56.A根据上文photos可知，此处指的是照片。57.C根据下文可知，这位母亲的母爱感动了作者，所以作者保留了这张照片。58.D母爱强大却很普遍，以至于我们会忽视它。59.B作者拍照前因为这家的孩子衣服不得体而犹豫，这位母亲却执意要拍，可见她不在意这些“缺点”。60.A作者和我们看到的是衣衫褴楼的人，而孩子们的母亲是怀着一颗母亲的心去看的，她看到的是不同的东西。语法填空61.to meet 62.how 63.active 64.responding 65.the 66.which 67.anger 68.in69.potentially 70.compared在75【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一R一必考一N】

会和谐与合作的途径。如果你能找到满足他人需求的资源，你自己的焦虑往往就会消失。由此他是在建议人们要去表达同情。补全短文36~40 DEAFG完形填空作者通过亲身经历从内心体会到了父亲跟自己所说的“一幅画远不止是各部分的总和”这句话的真正含义。41.A作者喜欢看父亲画画。或者说，作者真的喜欢听父亲用画笔作画时的所说的话。42.B大多数时候，父亲所说的大部分的东西都会从作者的脑子里掠过，但是偶尔脑海里会突然出现某些东西。43.D44.A父亲会告诉作者，一幅画不仅仅是它各部分的总和。45.B父亲继续解释把不显眼的部分放在一起，如何最终会产生魔幻般的效果。46.℃作者明白父亲在说什么，但从来没有体会到他说的这些事情，直到有一天作者爬上了悬铃木。47.D作者经常在树上玩耍，但在五年级之前，作者算不上是一名真正善于爬树的人。48.B那时作者要去“救”一只被卡在树枝上的风筝。49.A当作者终于把风筝成功“解救下来”的时候，已经离地好几英里了（夸张地表示已经爬到好高的地方了)。50.D51.C在开始往下爬之前，作者需要休息一会儿以恢复体力。52.D作者不看脚下的地面，这会让自己头晕目眩，膝盖发软。53.A作者不看脚下的地面，而是牢牢抓住大树，向远处看。54.B55.C就在那时，对高空的恐惧开始消失。56.C取而代之的是一种最令人惊异的感觉，那种感觉就像是在空中飞翔，在云中穿梭。57.B然后作者开始注意到微风的味道是多么美妙。58.A这时作者才领悟到父亲说的道理：整体不仅仅是各部分的总和。59.C从梧桐树上，作者看到的景色不仅仅是屋顶、云、风和色彩的相加。60.D这真是太神奇了！此处magic与第1段呼应。语法填空61.helping 62.how 63.officially 64.To promote 65.founded 66.which67.determined 68.growth 69.the 70.more短文改错About two years ago,I worked hard and entered a locally key school,which my parentslocalwere proud of it.From then on,I got up even early and was always the first to get to theearlier·116:【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一R一必考一N】

Having read the article about ambition,I started to reflect of my own life.Lost inon/uponwhich I am pursuing,I often forget the process I should have enjoyed it.Your article re-whatminded me of the significant of gratitude,a good state of mind and seize the day.Fortu-significanceseizingnately,I realized A I focus that much on achievements,I will probably get the opposite re-ifsults.Thank you for the useful and practical tips offering at the end of the article.This experi-offeredence will become an unique part of my life,eventually helping me through the unexpected but风interesting life journey.Yours,Sarah书面表达One possible version:Dear Peter,I'm glad to know that you are interested in the Chinese language and culture.I'd like tooffer you some suggestions,which I think can be of benefit to your Chinese study.To learn the Chinese language and know Chinese culture well,first of all,you have toread some classical literature,which will broaden your horizon.Besides,watching TV pro-grams and reading newspapers and magazines are also good ways of language learning.Lastbut not least,you are supposed to make some Chinese friends with whom you can communi-cate frequently.I sincerely hope my suggestions will be good for your Chinese learning.Yours,Li Hua附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:Would you like me to take those suitcases for you,madam?I can take them up to yourroom for you while you check in.W:Thank you.That would be great.Here's $5 for your trouble.(Text 2)W:Your office looks good.You must have a good system for organizing everything.My officelooks like something exploded inside it.在86【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一HEN】

he gave me some advices on how to cooperate well with other.Thus I began to realize theadviceothersstrengths of my classmates and have everyone to do his/her part in class.From my experi-ence,I strong feel that it is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me Astronglyfromtrouble and made me work more efficiently.However,we need the teamwork spirit in ourThereforelives.书面表达One possible version:Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school.Here I'd like to speak about our English studies in brief.Nowadays we have six Englishclasses every week,each of which lasts for 45 minutes.Students have to master a vocabularyof more than 3,500 words and accomplish reading materials of over 145 thousand words be-fore graduation.I'm glad to say we have made great progress in English reading and listening,but we havea long way to go,especially in speaking and writing.We'd appreciate it if you can give us asmuch advice as possible to improve our English.That's all.Thank you for your attention.附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)M:What time is our appointment with Mr Clark on Wednesday?W:He has changed our appointment to Thursday.M:Could you call him back and ask if we could change it to Friday?I have a meeting withsome other customers on Thursday.(Text 2)M:I just cashed my traveler's cheque for the trip to California.I hope 300 will be enough.W:I guess I'd better do that before Friday.In that way,I have to go to the bank tomorrow.(Text 3)W:My parents never let me out after 8:00 pm on school nights.M:Well,it probably kept you out of trouble.W:Yeah,and it also stopped me from seeing any movies or shows in the evenings.(Text 4)M:What are you going to wear to the party?W:I was thinking about wearing my new black dress.在·102：【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一HEN】

W:Well,from there,I'll take the boat up a river to Siem Reap and see the famous temples.From there I'll fly to Bangkok and try to get to the Chatuchak Market.I hear it's reallygreat for shopping.M:Where are you going to stay in those places?W:Mm,I don't have much money,so I'll just stay in small guesthouses rather than big ho-tels.(Text 9)M:Good evening.Today's guest is the baseball star Amenda Ryan,whose team was the win-ner of the Championship.Tell me,Amenda,was becoming a famous baseball player some-thing you'd always wanted to do?W:Not really.My family is big on baseball.The team Grandpa trained won two nationalgames.Father played for three different colleges.You could say I was born to play thegame,but frankly,all through primary school,I hated it.M:So,what made you change your mind?W:When my dad or grandpa asked me if I wanted to practice,my answer was always no.However,as I was getting older,I realized that they asked me to practice not because theywanted me to improve,but because they wanted to spend time with me.M:You understood them,right?W:Yes.Once I got this,I stopped treating it as work but treasured it as a special experience.(Text 10)W:Good morning,everyone.Today I'd like to talk about Drew Barrymore.Barrymorewas born in Los Angeles,California,in 1975.She began her acting life very early.Before herfirst birthday,she appeared in a TV advertisement for dog food.Barrymore's big break camewhen she was seven.Director Steven Spielberg decided to let her act in his film E.T.,Holly-wood took notice,and Barrymore became a star.As a young adult,Barrymore acted in severaldramas and comedies;however,she wanted to make her own films.In 1995,she started herown production company,Flower Films.Four years later,she produced her first film,NeverBeen Kissed.Over the years,her company has made a lot of famous movies and TV pro-grams,In 2007,Barrymore's life took a new turn.She began working for the United NationsWorld Food Program.Later,she donated 1 million dollars to the program.Then,after theterrible earthquake in Haiti in 2010,she urged people to give money to the program in a You-Tube video.Meanwhile,Barrymore's work on movies continued.In 2009,she became a di-rector with the film Whip It.In the same year,she won the Golden Globe Award as an ac-tress for her role in Gray Gardens.·104【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一HEN】

remember my grandfather very good.He was tall,with broad shoulder and a beard thatwellshouldersturned from black toward gray over the years.He had a deep voice,which set himself aparttohimfrom others in our small town,A he was strong and powerful.In a fact,he even scaredandmy classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.However,hewhenwas the gentlest man I have never known.ever书面表达One possible version:Good morning,everyone!Today,please allow me to deliver a brief speech on the career I will take up in the future.Undoubtedly,I have great expectations for the future job as everyone else does.My dream career is to be a tour guide.Since my early age,I have been admiring tour guides who travel worldwide,enjoyingwonderful scenery,appreciating different cultures and meanwhile,enriching their life experi-ences.Besides,it can provide me with more opportunities to meet people from all walks oflife.To be a good guide,I'll learn hard and practise a lot.It is the wide range of knowledgeand devotion that make a highly qualified tour guide.Thanks for listening!附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)W:Do you know how to get to the playground near here?M:If you go out of the restaurant you can see a shopping center on your left.The playgroundis behind it.(Text 2)M:I can't stand my neighbors anymore.They have a noisy party every Friday!W:Then,talk to them directly.M:I did,but it doesn't work.The only way can stop them is to call a policeman,but I don'twant to make myself any trouble.It is easier to move out.(Text 3)W:Excuse me,Sir.Could you please set your seat straight?We are going to serve lunch anddrinks now.M:Sorry.I forgot we need to set the seat straight during taking off,landing,and food time.在·66大【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一R一必考一Y)

school.After school,I went back home in time to helping my parents do some houseworkhelpwhile enjoying listen to some light music.However,one day my mother advise me to livelisteningadvisedat school to learn to be independent,preparing A the future life.I was a little unhappy,forbecause I understood my parents and followed their advice.Before living at school,I found it_butAfterhelped me save time and learn how to get on with other.others书面表达One possible version:Set sail on career planning!Today we invited several experts to give lectures concerning career planning with the aimof broadening students'horizons and keeping them more exposed to the present-day society.The lectures were mainly about the introduction of some professions.Through analyzingthe professional characteristics and outlook,they told us what are the most important qualitiesand abilities required in the job market.The lectures have a positive and far-reaching effect on us high school students.Many hada very positive feedback about the events.Besides,some of us even suggested that field tripsto companies should be organized so that we can have a clearer picture of different careers.附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)W:Sir,I really would love to be a policewoman.I especially like the teamwork.M:Sounds interesting,but I'm afraid the job is not proper for you,I mean,without any spe-cial training or experience.(Text 2)M:I am running out of coins doing my laundry.W:That's too bad.(Text 3)W:It's a shame that you didn't win your tennis match.M:I might have won if I listened to my coach.(Text 4)M:The Variety Theatre finally went out of business.W:Well,that's not a surprise.It was the worst one in town.(Text 5)W:Shall we run around the park or go for a bike ride?M:It makes no difference to me.They are both good activities.在117：【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一HEN】

hobbies?M:You certainly can,but it's not necessary.You must include when and where they wereborn,and what makes them admirable.You'll also need to do a short speech about them infront of the class.W:Do we really have to?Public speaking makes me so anxious!M:You'll be fine!(Text 7)W:I am attracted by the ancient Silk Road.I have read lots of books about it.M:Yes,it's an interesting subject.China had a connection to the West all those years ago.W:They should make it into tourist route-organize trips along the whole length.I would booka ticket.M:But it goes through different countries besides China-India,Afghanistan,Iran...placeslike that.W:Oh,I would love to visit Iran.M:It is very hot there,apparently.But some of the buildings look splendid.W:The art is amazing.It is in India as well.M:There were a few Silk Road routes but they would all be interesting to see.(Text 8)M:Kate！Welcome back!W:Thanks.M:You look tired.W:Ah...I'm exhausted.M:What happened?W:I left my hotel in New York at 6:00 this morning,but I forgot my briefcase,so I had to goback and get it.M:Oh,Kate！W:And then I missed my flight.M:Oh...W:So I had to wait two hours for the next flight.It was so frustrating!M:I bet.W:And I sat next to a lady who talked and talked,and a little kid kept kicking my seat!I al-most lost my mind!M:Oh,no!That's terrible.Where's your suitcase?W:Well,when I arrived,my bag wasn't at the baggage claim!M:That's so annoying.I can't believe it!Well,at least you made it!(Text 9)W:Hello.I work for Sunny Tour Holidays and I'm interviewing people about their holidays.Would you mind answering a few questions for our survey?$·108·【23·G3DY·英语·参考答案一BSD一必考一HEN】