中国国情的制度转型方案。（6分）在这一过程中，思想基础、制度构想与实践成效反馈三者之间的相互作用既孕育了机遇，也带来了挑战。机遇在于，通过不断的实践成效反馈与制度修正，中国可以逐步建立起符合自身国情与发展需要的经济制度，为国家的现代化转型奠定坚实基础；挑战则在于，如何在传统与现代、东方与西方之间找到衡点，既保持民族文化的独特性，又吸收西方文明的先进成果。（3分）（“示例”仅作阅卷参考，不作为唯一标准答案）【命题意图】本题考查中国近代经济，意在考查学生获取和解读历史信息以及综合分析历史问题的能力，渗透了唯物史观、时空观念、史料实证和家国情怀等核心素养，突出基础性、综合性等考查要求。【解题分析】本题旨在考查学生对经济制度转型过程的深入理解，以及将理论知识与历史实践相结合的能力。首先，学生需要明确三者之间的相互作用关系，即思想基础是制度构想的源泉，制度构想是思想基础的具体化，实践成效反馈是检验制度构想有效性的关键。然后，学生的体现。最后，学生还需要探讨这一过程中可能面临的机遇与挑战，这要求学生具备较强的历史分析能力和批判性思维。O历史卷参考答案（一）第6页（共6页）【25·（新高考）CCJ·历史·GS】

R A 314:36基本有效地使用了语句衔接手段、全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(4—6分)遗漏或未清楚表述一些内容要点，或一些内容与写作目的不相关。所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调，错误较多,影响理解。几6/10用语句衔接手段、全文结构不够清晰,意义不够连贯。未能达到预期的写作目的。【高三英语试题参考答案第5页（共10页）】第一档(1-3分)遗漏或未清楚表述大部分内容要点，或大部分内容与写作目的不相关所使用的词汇有限,语法结构单调,错误很多,严重影响理解。几乎没有使用语句衔接手段、全文结构不清晰,意义不连贯。完全未达到预期的写作目的。零分未作答：所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容与题目要求完全不相关。说明：1.内容要点可用不同方式表达,达意即可。2.应紧扣主题，可适当发挥。第二节读后续写（满分25分)【参考范文】It seemed that he was about to drop it. I hesitated for a moment, recalling all the unpleasant experiencesI had with him. A part of me felt that he deserved to struggle after how rudely he had treated me. But as Iwatched him wobble under the weight of the box,his face tense with effort, another part of me felt guilty forjust standing there. I had always believed in kindness, yet here I was, debating whether to help a neighbor inneed. Taking a deep breath, I set aside my pride and walked over. “Let me help you." I said, reaching for thebox. He looked at me, surprised, but after a brief pause, he nodded silently, and together we carried it insideAs we were standing in his living room, Mr. Thompson broke the ice. He let out a sigh and, in a softertone than I had ever heard from him, admitted that he hadn't meant to be rude before. Recovering fromsurgery had left him frustrated and short-tempered, and he realized now how inconsiderate he had been.Hearing this, my frustration melted away. I admited that I had judged him too quickly. As we talked, thetension between us faded, replaced by a quiet understanding. From that day on, our relationship changed— weweren't just neighbors anymore but two people willing to give each other a second chance.【三个承接点】第一段：承接点1:“我"的反应。(承接第一句话)第二段：承接点3:汤普森说了什么，以及“我"的感想。【写作思路】一、材料核心:邻里矛盾因误解产生,通过偶然事件(搬箱子)化解,体现“宽容与沟通"的主题。二、续写方向:从冲突转向和解,需完成情感转折(从敌意到理解)和人物动机补全(Thompson 的行为原因)。三、第一段续写思路(承接点1十2)开头句:It seemed that he was about to drop it.承接点1:“我”的反应刻画细节:Thompson 的身体语言(wobble，face tense)激发同情心。价值观冲突:I had always believed in kindness→打破偏见的契机。【高三英语试题参考答案第6页(共10页)】承接点2:“我”帮助Thompson动作描写：set aside pride，walkedover，reached for→体现主动破冰。场景过渡:从室外(driveway)转移到室内(living room）,为第二段对话做空间铺垫。四、第二段续写思路(承接点 3)开头句:As we were standing in his living room, Mr. Thompson broke the ice.核心任务：通过对话揭示真相,完成情感和解。

晚10:52大社股评诺目、提问以示兴趣，与偏见。通过这些技巧可以建立更深层的沟故选A项。通联系。44.D【解析】根据“However，she didn’t36.D【解析】第一段讨论了如何通过专注于want to serve herjust any matcha.8/10市的讲话来提升倾听技巧。紧接着需要可知答案。故选D项。高考模拟压轴卷45.C【解析】为了学做上好的抹茶，Elaine开valuable help. my preon“Popular启了她的学之旅。故选C项。Chinese Cuisine in London" at the school’s46.B【解析】这里“this amazing drink"指的EnglishCultureFestivalachievedgreat是抹茶这种饮品。故选B项。success!Myspeechwonthunderous47.A【解析】伦敦是Elaine学之旅的第-applause,andIreceived many positive站。故选A项。comments.48.B【解析】上文讲到伦敦有很多抹茶店，所Hence, I sincerely thank you for your以说这里应该是学做抹茶、开抹茶店的guidance and support.Your advice on how to完美地点。故选B项。structure the speech and youlpscultural49.D【解析】上文讲到Elaine想开自己的抹detailsmade a big differhave茶店，这里bring tea to her own life的意思done it without you!是把自己的店开起来。故选D项。Looking50.C【解析】为了挑选最好的茶，Elaine买了Yours,不同的茶来做比较。故选C项。Li Hua51.A【解析】这里的意思是Elaine去了日第二节本，亲眼看到了如何种植、烹制和上茶。故set off early one morning选A项。forest.There, the pair cut52.C【解析】这里“tasted the difference”的downbambo on their意思是“品出不同”，也就是说日本的茶确shoulders.Then，every day after school，they实不同。故选C项。used bamboo sticks and wires to shapethe53.B【解析】开抹茶店就是做生意，这里的意bamboo sticks into garbage cans.It was the思是选店址。故选B项。first time he had built something with Dad.54.A【解析】回到都柏林后Elaine一边完Frankworkedwithan expressionJo善自己的抹茶，一般期待店铺开张。故选satisfaction on the face.Within a few days，A项。they made ten garbage cans，which were55.D【解析】开店后看到人们排队来喝茶，enough for the whole community to use.Elaine的心情肯定是非常兴奋的。故选Beyond the bamboo bins。Frank also madeD项。flower planters and vases to contribute to the第二节school garden and beautify the classrooms.56.tell57. was createdHis classmates and the villagers started58.mal59.artisticusing the bamboocans right away.The60. visually61. asstudents put into practice what they'd learned62. spoken63. ain the workshops.Frank was happy that64. which65.opportunitiespeople came to realize humans and nature第四部分写作needed each other.Frank's action sparked第一节changes. The environment became cleaner andDear Peter,he was really proud to see full garbage cansI hope you're doing well! I'm thrilled topicked up and sent to the nearby town to beshare some great news with you.With yourdealt with.As for the competition,Frank.8.英语参考答案及解析

的最佳选项。项中有两项为多余hey were againstelf-sustaining.tall and separate，lance my phoneame difficult tomust focus onnetwork.43-awebofDperformein robotics.342.call.3AA7A. self-disciplinereadyappreciateaddictedideasreflectgoalthenceBthHsetup.thiselfnoin2nce.thatbecor16andkercmomenroboaringB.InitiallythatR已知该温度下，上还物otsgluedself-respectmemoriesvery popular,urageducti0物质-evening aTesla'sdancing huave62otivatednpetitionitedH(g)of offlinePD. Graduallys about China's growingD.D.directed.handed overrefusetechnologica000扫码查询全科考试成绩CO物质的量分数第5页/共11页Dear Chris,注意：口第二节2.活动时图和地点：and my father注意：An hour later,2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。1.续写词数应为150个左右；（满分25分）本longed to经过长年累月赏石中，包为贵。walk into电子邮wellScayt（高三年级）英语试卷第8页（共8页）stillget a ride toopenalso cultivate the父女二人在开车回家的Il could notspateeaunteonly helpevemy faYours sincerelyrite clothes andLi Hu0feethar

双语学报24-25下X版八年级GD专版解析第37期责编：刘娜knowme,”存在让步关系，需填转折连词，故选“although”。70. alone【解析】由后文“There are also many other restaurants offering cheap meals，，71.cheaper【解析】根据“12 yuan”与“than usual”的比较结构，需填形容词比较级，故选“cheaper”。，，【】为，主语为单数，故选“goes”。73.of【解析】固定搭配“a shift of+时间段”表示工作时长，故选“of”。74.his【解析】指代前文“42-year-oldFan Xingang”，需用形容词性物主代词,故选“his”。75.kindness【解析】与“respect”并列，总结餐馆展现的“善意”特质，呼应首段“spread warmth”的主题，故选“kindness”。六、读写综合A．回答问题【短文大意】文章讲述了迈达斯国王因轻率的愿望导致一切触碰之物变为黄金，最终醒悟到爱与家庭比财富更重要的故事。76. Midas saw a poor old man in his garden.【解析】根据第一段“One sunnymorning, while walking in his garden, he found a poor old man sleeping among theflowers.”可知，迈达斯在花园里发现了这位老人，故答案是“Midas saw a poor oldman in his garden.”。77.She turned into gold.【解析】根据第三段“Even worse,when he hugged hisdaughter, she became gold!”可知，迈达斯拥抱女儿时，她变成了黄金，故答案是“She turned into gold.”。78.Because theywere afraidof turning into gold.【解析】根据第三段“His friendsran away in fear.”并结合上下文可知，朋友们因害怕被迈达斯触碰后变成黄金而逃离，故答案是“Because they were afraid of turning into gold."”。79.Dionysus helped Midas.【解析】根据倒数第二段“Seeing Midas’tears,Dionysusfelt sorry.He made everything become normal.”可知，酒神狄俄尼索斯最终帮助迈达斯恢复了正常，故答案是“Dionysus helped Midas.”。80.He felt happier than ever.【解析】根据最后一段“Though Midas lost his magic,he felt happier than ever.”可知，失去魔法的迈达斯感到前所未有的幸福，故答案是“He felt happier than ever.”。B．书面表达【写作指导】1．任务分析本篇书面表达要求分享一个故事。

Luckily,Amarri Hernandez and her boyfriend，who saw their friends off at the airport，第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）witnessed the45and decided to do something.They46the gift and tried to reunite第一节（满分15分）it with the man.Arriving home,they47a photo of the treasured gift online. Shared假定你是李华，你校科学趣味实验社团（FunScienceExperimentClub）将在下周五举办48,00o times，the message eventually caught the48of the manager of the company一次活动，每位成员都需要展示一个小实验。请你给外籍社团成员Peter写封邮件，内容Things Remembered,which hadthe snow globe.The manager was 50that she包括：could find the name of the owner in her sales record.When the manager was able to identify1.时间地点；Linda Modry,Moore's mother, as the，she helped Hernandez connect with Modry.2.活动要求。51"This was something really52formy granddaughter Katie. My husband and I gave注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；it to our son,Moore,who was visiting us.We requested him to hand it over to Katie2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。53，said Modry，who was overcome with54.She couldn't believe a55wouldDear Peter,take such great steps to return the snow globe to their family!41.A.guideB.allowC.persuadeD.remind42.A. confirmB.evaluateC.celebrateD. signal43. A. poseB.compareC.limitD.owe44. A. irresponsiblyB.incorrectlyC.unwillinglyD.unusuallyYours,45.A.mistakeB.attemptC.dangerD.incidentLi Hua46.A.turned inB.picked upC.accounted forD.took apart第二节（满分25分）47. A.postedB.foundC.developedD.selected阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。48.A.controlB.attentionC.imaginationD.moodOne evening,Senna Maen was driving a Ford from Portland to Sheridan to sign a49.A.discoveredB.collectedC.advocatedD.designedcontract worth three million dollars. It was the result of over three months of tough50.A. impressedB.ashamedC.certainD.doubtfulnegotiations, so he was extremely excited and drove fast.51.A.bossB.buyerC.senderD.contributorWhen he stopped the car for a rest,he noticed something strange on the front rightD. specialtire(轮胎）.As he got closer，he smelled a strong and unpleasant smell of blood.He52.A.smartB.similarC.normal53.A. on our behalfimmediately became nervous. He was quite sure that he didn’t hit anything, but he still feltB.by our effortsC.to our surpriseD.in our honor54.A. tensionB.hesitationC.joyD.courageuneasy.He quickly got back into the car,started the engine,and turned around to check theroute he had taken. Just then，his business partner，who was waiting to sign the contract，55.A.managerB.neighborC.guestD. strangercalled and urged him to hurry. Senna explained that he had an urgent matter to deal with.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）The partner was so angry and shouted， “You're such an unreliable guy!"阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On the foggy night, Senna drove back along the road，carefully observing the roadside.Nursena Burus,a 19-year-old from the historic city of Manisa on Turkiye's AegeanHalfway through,he saw a figure lying on the ground.He stopped the car at once andcoast,has developed a taste for Chinese culture,For Burus， coming to China was not just arushed over.It was a girl，around thirteen or fourteen years old，unconscious（昏迷）with alanguage learning opportunity，56a chance to experience a culture that had attractedhead injury and blood flowing a long way.Senna immediately took her to the hospital.Afterher from afar.emergency treatment, the girl was out of life-threatening danger but still unconscious.The police found information about her identity and the phone number of her parentsIn February 2024, she arrived in China just before the Chinese New Year. After 57（settle） into Tianjin University，Burus could not help but notice that the 58（usual)from her backpack. lt turned out that her name was Catherine.Then,the police contactedbusy campus was almost empty as most Chinese students had headed home for the festival.the girl's parents,who were beside themselves with grief and anger. They shouted at Sennaand even hit him. Senna didn't defend himself. Senna's family thought he was foolish. They"It remindedme59one of traditional festivals in Turkiye,when we all go back to oursaid that since there was no evidence that he was the one who caused the accident,why takehometowns to eat and celebrate with family. I love how both cultures value family reunionsthe blame?But Senna didn’t explain much. He put his business aside and stayed by the girl'sduring important holidays."bedside every day. paying all her medical bills.As classes 60（begin） in March,Burus quickly adapted to learning and living at注意：Tianjin University.“The teachers were so 61(support）.They encouraged me to practice1.续写词数应为150个左右；speaking without worrying about mistakes."2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Now more fluent in Chinese， Burus feels that China has become a second home， inOn the 27th day, Catherine finally woke up.62she has made lifelong friends and experienced the beauty of Chinese culture.“Weshare so many 63（similar）， like our love for family， traditions and hospitality（好客）.1want to strengthen this bond and show others that the world isn’t as different as it seems."After the truth came out, Senna was interviewed by the local TV station.Before leaving China earlier this year after she finished two semesters of a languagelearning program, she left behind a wish bottle 64 (bury) on the campus, containing herwish 65(become）a bridge for cultural exchanges between Turkiye and China.英语试题第7页（共8页）英语试题第8页（共8页）

（7）为了使松花蛋产生美丽的松花，传统工艺中加入密陀僧（主要成分为氧化铅），目前密陀僧已逐渐被（填物质名称）滤液中不含有Ca（OH）（选填“吸热”或“放热”）反应。滤液中含有NaCO办0#4实验结论数为9.8%的稀硫酸，测出溶液的pH随加人稀硫酸的质量变化关系如图所示。稀硫酸的质量/g有气泡产生实验现象200【注意：若答对以下小题奖励3分，化学总得分不超过40分】取滤液少量，向其中加入K2CO溶液3350另取滤液少量，向其中加入足量②元素。实验操作0（4）探究过程及实验记录如下：探究二：滤液中的碱性物质能补充人体所需的《分析推理】【实验探究】《反思总结】【项目反思】【项目拓展】原因是探究1

2025 年陕西省普通高中学业水合格性考试注意事项：发2.下列化学家与其科学成就说法正确的是4. 为深人贯彻可持续发展战略,推进有机固体废弃物处理与资源化利用,2023 年 7 月 28 日3.当光束通过下列分散系时，能观察到丁达尔效应的是1.下列属于电解质的是得分3.所有答案必须在答题卡上指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.考生领到试卷后，必须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、考籍号、座位号。D.工业生产过程产生的三废不加处理任意排放C.使用高效催化剂将汽车尾气转化为氮气和二氧化碳B.利用工业废气中的二氧化碳制造全降解塑料A.氯化钠A.生活垃圾不随意丢弃，分类回收处理再利用A.Fe（OH)胶体B.KSO溶液C.门捷列夫发现了元素周期律H-1可能用到的相对原子质量：0#卡#得分题号评卷人C--12人化学·模拟卷(三)·CY第1页(共6页）B.蔗糖一、选择题（共20小题，每小题3分，计60分。在每小题给出的四第一部分（选择题共60分）化学模拟卷（三）第一OB.道尔顿提出分子学说一部分为选择题，第二部分为非选择题。（三）珠·华C.蔗糖溶液D.汤姆逊建立了原子结构的行星模型C.氯气满分：100分）D.NaCI 溶液出合计13.下列有关仪器的名称、图形、用途与使用操作的叙述均正确的是D.储氢合金、钛合金，耐热合金和形状记忆合金能满足某些尖端技术的需要812.下列物质中，常温下不能与盐酸反应的是的目11.C. 工业上用氨的催化氧化制备 NO A.目前世界上使用量最大的合金是铝合金B.用玻璃棒蘸醋酸溶液点在用水润湿的 pH 试纸上，测定该溶液 pH下列说法正确的是D.CO的相对分子质量为44mC.氯离子（Ci）的结构示意图：128A.Na和乙醇反应可生成H2A.质子数为17、中子数为20的氯原子：Cl B.氯分子的电子式：Ci:i.N为阿伏加德罗常数的值。6.三星堆见证了中华文明起源的多样性，通过“C测定法”初步确定其年代区间。下列说5.下列有关化学用语的表示正确的是B.1L 0.5 mol/L NaCO 溶液中含有的Na*的数目为NA.FeOD.稀硫酸与Ba（OH）溶液反应的离子方程式：Ba+SO²BaSO五C.NaCO溶液中滴加少量稀盐酸的化学方程式：NaCO+2HCI=A.钠与水反应的离子方程式：Na+2H20=法正确的是B.用氢氧化钠吸收多余氯气：20H+Cl=下列离子方程式书写正确的是c与”c互为同位素C的核外电子数是14存在无色广口瓶中并置于阴凉处B.工业上用烧黄铁矿（Fes）生产SOD.二氧化碳分子的结构式：O-C-0C. NaSONa+20H+H↑五HOX

高三化学本试卷满分100分，考试时间75分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。号考擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。可能用到的相对原子质量：H—1C—12 N—140—16、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。1.中华传统文化博大精深，下列传统文化中与化学相关问题的说法错误的是A.清明节焚香祭祖，焚香的过程中发生了氧化还原反应B.“腊月二十五，推磨做豆腐”，制作豆腐的过程涉及蛋白质的变性C.除夕夜晚燃放烟花，五彩烟花的颜色是由电子跃迁到较高能级吸收能量而产生的D.端午节吃粽子，糯米含淀粉，摄人人体的淀粉在酶的作用下水解最终生成葡萄糖2.下列化学用语正确的是姓A.中子数为4的锂原子：LiB.顺丁橡胶的结构简式：C.乙烯分子中的C—C键：D.基态Fe最高能级的电子云轮廓图：3.下列有关物质的工业制备反应的离子方程式或化学方程式正确的是A.海水提碘:2I+H202+2H*=—I+2H20B.制漂白粉:CI+20H=CI+CIO+H20C. 侯氏制碱:2NaCI+2NH+CO,+H2O=Na2CO,↓ +2NH4Cl+HC—CH-CH——CHD.制备维纶（聚乙烯醇缩甲醛纤维）：—CH]+nHCHOOHOHO-CH-0(2n-1)H04.下列实验操作或处理方法错误的是A.利用沉淀法处理含铅离子的废液B.未用完的白磷应放回原试剂瓶C.水银温度计破碎后，应通风并用硫粉覆盖D.不慎将浓硫酸沾到皮肤上，应立即用浸有3%~5%的NaHCO，溶液的湿抹布擦拭5.物质结构决定物质的性质，下列性质差异与结构因素匹配错误的是选项性质差异结构因素熔点：—CHs PF

化学试题评分参考(1·七字(6）m/(60ab);偏大16.(14分)（1）3d²4s²（1分）（2）2.2×10"mol·L；防止Mg、Mn²沉淀析出（1分，只答Mg2即可得分），减少SO-的损耗(1分)（3）CaSO4+H2C2O4=H2SO4+CaC2O4↓；提供晶种或晶体诱导剂，促进CaC2O4晶体析出 (1分)（4）Mn2+O+H2O=MnO2↓+2H*+O2；用KMnO4作氧化剂，会在产品中引入K等杂质（用O：作氧化剂，不会引入杂质）(5） 77.32化学试题评分参考第1页（共2页）17.(15分)(1）－172；高温（1分)（2）NiMo（或NiMo合金）；1.58;CH4(g)=CH;²+ H"[或CH4(g)+ CO*+0*=CHs*+H*+ CO*+O”](3) ①1.6²x1.62②大于（1分）；小于（1分）③0.650.2218.(15分)(1）硝基、碳溴键(或溴原子)(2)CHOCHOHBrNO(3）消耗生成的HCI，促进反应进行NO2(5)4(6）(每空1分)CHO消去或消除 (反应)HO化学试题评分参考第2页（共2页）